[The effect of etiopathogenetic therapy of COVID-19 on the severity of the disease: results of a multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial].

Aim: The search for etiopathogenetic agents to prevent the development of severe and extremely severe COVID-19 remains relevant. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the antibody-based biological drug (Raphamin).

Materials And Methods: 785 outpatients 18-75 y.

Antibacterial Bionanocomposites Based on Drug-Templated Bifunctional Mesoporous Silica Nanocontainers.

The creation of antibacterial nanocomposites that provide prolonged release of encapsulated drugs is of great interest for various fields of medicine (dentistry, tissue regeneration, etc.). This article demonstrates the possibility of creating such nanocomposites based on sodium alginate and drug-templated mesoporous silica nanocontainers (MSNs) loaded with two bioactive substances.

Pre-Pandemic Cross-Reactive Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 among Siberian Populations.

In December 2019, a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was found to in Wuhan, China. Cases of infection were subsequently detected in other countries in a short period of time, resulting in the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. Questions about the impact of herd immunity of pre-existing immune reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 on COVID-19 severity, associated with the immunity to seasonal manifestation, are still to be resolved and may be useful for understanding some processes that precede the emergence of a pandemic virus.

Evaluation of tissue blood supply during esophagectomy using fluorescent diagnostics and diffuse scattering spectroscopy in visible region.

Background: The success of the surgical treatment of a tumor or obstruction of the esophagus with subsequent anastomosis application depends on the level of blood supply to the stitched tissues. Intraoperative assessment of blood flow is widely used in medicine and can be used as a diagnostic method that affects the outcome of surgery and reduces the frequency of postoperative complications for the patient.

Methods: In this work, the assessment of blood supply during esophageal resection operations was carried out using two techniques sequentially: fluorescent diagnostics with indocyanine green and measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation by diffuse scattering spectroscopy in the visible wavelength range.

Measurement of Electron-Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on ^{127}I with the COHERENT NaIνE Detector.

Using an 185-kg NaI[Tl] array, COHERENT has measured the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ^{127}I with pion decay-at-rest neutrinos produced by the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iodine is one the heaviest targets for which low-energy (≤50  MeV) inelastic neutrino-nucleus processes have been measured, and this is the first measurement of its inclusive cross section. After a five-year detector exposure, COHERENT reports a flux-averaged cross section for electron neutrinos of 9.

Synthesis and activation of pH-sensitive metal-organic framework Sr(BDC) for oral drug delivery.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in the biomedical industry. In this study, we developed a new method for obtaining a metal-organic structure of strontium and terephthalic acid, Sr(BDC), and an alternative activation method for removing DMF from the pores. Sr(BDC) MOFs were successfully prepared and characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, and SEM.

Biological Response of Chinese Hamster B14-150 Cells to Sequential Combined Exposure to Protons and C Ions.

Proton and ion radiation therapy, when used both as single radiation and in mixed radiation mode, have a number of advantages over the conventional γ-therapy that are determined by physical characteristics of accelerated particles. The paper presents the results of an in vitro study of the effectiveness of sequential exposures of Chinese hamster tumor cells B14-150 to proton (p) and C ion beams. We used 4 irradiation schemes differing by the sequence of exposure and the contribution of each radiation to the total dose.

Conjugates of amiridine and thiouracil derivatives as effective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase with the potential to block β-amyloid aggregation.

New amiridine-thiouracil conjugates with different substituents in the pyrimidine fragment (R = CH , CF Н, CF , (CF ) H) and different spacer lengths (n = 1-3) were synthesized. The conjugates rather weakly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and exhibit high inhibitory activity (IC up to 0.752 ± 0.

Laser-Synthesized Elemental Boron Nanoparticles for Efficient Boron Neutron Capture Therapy.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the most appealing radiotherapy modalities, whose localization can be further improved by the employment of boron-containing nanoformulations, but the fabrication of biologically friendly, water-dispersible nanoparticles (NPs) with high boron content and favorable physicochemical characteristics still presents a great challenge. Here, we explore the use of elemental boron (B) NPs (BNPs) fabricated using the methods of pulsed laser ablation in liquids as sensitizers of BNCT. Depending on the conditions of laser-ablative synthesis, the used NPs were amorphous (a-BNPs) or partially crystallized (pc-BNPs) with a mean size of 20 nm or 50 nm, respectively.

Warm Cells, Hot Mitochondria: Achievements and Problems of Ultralocal Thermometry.

Temperature is a crucial regulator of the rate and direction of biochemical reactions and cell processes. The recent data indicating the presence of local thermal gradients associated with the sites of high-rate thermogenesis, on the one hand, demonstrate the possibility for the existence of "thermal signaling" in a cell and, on the other, are criticized on the basis of thermodynamic calculations and models. Here, we review the main thermometric techniques and sensors developed for the determination of temperature inside living cells and diverse intracellular compartments.

Post-Implantation Inflammatory Responses to Xenogeneic Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Implanted in Rabbit Trachea: The Role of Cultured Chondrocytes in the Modification of Inflammation.

Immune responses to tissue-engineered grafts made of xenogeneic materials remain poorly studied. The scope of current investigations is limited by the lack of information on orthotopically implanted grafts. A deeper understanding of these processes is of great importance since innovative surgical approaches include the implantation of xenogeneic decellularized scaffolds seeded by cells.

Magnetic collimation system for improving ion trap loading efficiency.

This work considers a solenoid-based magnetic collimation system for improving the efficiency of ion trap loading with ions created by laser ablation. We discuss a physical model of ion beam collimation in such a system, provide qualitative analytical estimates of its collimation characteristics, develop a numerical model of ion collimation based on a test-particle approach, and describe a real experimental setup where the proposed approach is effectively employed to collimate 232Th3+ and 88Sr1+ ions. The experimental results are compared with the results of the performed numerical modeling.

Thickness-Dependent Charge Transport in Three Dimensional Ru(II)- Tris(phenanthroline)-Based Molecular Assemblies.

We describe here the fabrication of large-area molecular junctions with a configuration of ITO/[Ru(Phen)]/Al to understand temperature- and thickness-dependent charge transport phenomena. Thanks to the electrochemical technique, thin layers of electroactive ruthenium(II)-tris(phenanthroline) [Ru(Phen)] with thicknesses of 4-16 nm are covalently grown on sputtering-deposited patterned ITO electrodes. The bias-induced molecular junctions exhibit symmetric current-voltage (j-V) curves, demonstrating highly efficient long-range charge transport and weak attenuation with increased molecular film thickness (β = 0.

Hyperon Polarization along the Beam Direction Relative to the Second and Third Harmonic Event Planes in Isobar Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.

The polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam direction has been measured relative to the second and third harmonic event planes in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV. This is the first experimental evidence of the hyperon polarization by the triangular flow originating from the initial density fluctuations. The amplitudes of the sine modulation for the second and third harmonic results are comparable in magnitude, increase from central to peripheral collisions, and show a mild p_{T} dependence.

Evaluation of the Anticancer and Biological Activities of Istaroxime via Ex Vivo Analyses, Molecular Docking and Conceptual Density Functional Theory Computations.

Cancer is a disease that occurs as a result of abnormal or uncontrolled growth of cells due to DNA damage, among many other causes. Certain cancer treatments aim to increase the excess of DNA breaks to such an extent that they cannot escape from the general mechanism of cell checkpoints, leading to the apoptosis of mutant cells. In this study, one of the Sarco-endoplasmic reticulum CaATPase (SERCA2a) inhibitors, Istaroxime, was investigated.

Gene-Activated Materials in Regenerative Dentistry: Narrative Review of Technology and Study Results.

Treatment of a wide variety of defects in the oral and maxillofacial regions requires the use of innovative approaches to achieve best outcomes. One of the promising directions is the use of gene-activated materials (GAMs) that represent a combination of tissue engineering and gene therapy. This approach implies that biocompatible materials will be enriched with gene-carrying vectors and implanted into the defect site resulting in transfection of the recipient's cells and secretion of encoded therapeutic protein in situ.

Refinement of Animal Experiments: Replacing Traumatic Methods of Laboratory Animal Marking with Non-Invasive Alternatives.

Reliable methods for identifying rodents play an important role in ensuring the success of preclinical studies. However, animal identification remains a trivial laboratory routine that is not often discussed, despite the fact that more than 6 million rodents are used in animal studies each year. Currently, there are extensive regulations in place to ensure adequate anesthesia and to reduce animal suffering during experiments.

Modelling some rod set imperfections of a quadrupole mass filter.

The problem of modeling the mass peak shape of a quadrupole mass filter (QMF) with round rods is considered. A number of factors leading to the degradation of the mass peak shape are studied, namely, displacement of the electrodes with respect to their original position, changes in the diameter of the electrodes, and asymmetry of the supply potentials. Decomposition of the rod set field on multipole fields allows to obtain an analytical representation of the ion motion equations.

Nanoparticles based on MIL-101 metal-organic frameworks as efficient carriers of therapeuticRe radionuclide for nuclear medicine.

Nuclear medicine presents one of the most promising modalities for efficient non-invasive treatment of a variety of cancers, but the application of radionuclides in cancer therapy and diagnostics is severely limited by their nonspecific tissue accumulation and poor biocompatibility. Here, we explore the use of nanosized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as carriers of radionuclides to order to improve their delivery to tumour. To demonstrate the concept, we prepared polymer-coated MIL-101(Cr)-NHMOFs and conjugated them with clinically utilized radionuclideRe.

Interaction of Methylene Blue with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Envelope Revealed by Molecular Modeling.

Methylene blue has multiple antiviral properties against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The ability of methylene blue to inhibit different stages of the virus life cycle, both in light-independent and photodynamic processes, is used in clinical practice. At the same time, the molecular aspects of the interactions of methylene blue with molecular components of coronaviruses are not fully understood.

On point perforating defects in bilayer structures.

This article deals with the issue of perforating point defects (pores) in a bilayer heterostructure composed of striped borophene and graphene. Three types of non-equivalent vacancies of the minimum size are considered. These include a single vacancy and two double vacancies.

Impact of Macrophages on the Interaction of Cetuximab-Functionalized Polyelectrolyte Capsules with EGFR-Expressing Cancer Cells.

Polyelectrolyte capsules (PCs) are a promising tool for anticancer drug delivery and tumor targeting. Surface functionalization of PCs with antibodies is widely used for providing their specific interactions with cancer cells. The efficiency of PC-based targeted delivery systems can be affected by the cellular heterogeneity of the tumor, particularly by the presence of tumor-associated macrophages.

Route to Stabilization of Nanotechnetium in an Amorphous Carbon Matrix: Preparative Methods, XAFS Evidence, and Electrochemical Studies.

Technetium-carbon nanophases are obtained by thermal decomposition of pertechnetates with large organic cations under an argon atmosphere. Parallel carbonization of organic cations (hexamethyleneiminium and triphenylguanidinium), which occurs during the thermal decomposition of their pertechnetates, leads to the formation of X-ray amorphous solid products. An X-ray absorption fine structure study revealed that they have a crystal structure containing technetium-carbon bonds with a length of 1.