Mycoplasma synoviae surface-located elongation factor G functions as a cytoadhesin to promote adhesion to synovial sheath cells through binding to vimentin.

Mycoplasma synoviae infection has caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. The molecular mechanism by which M. synoviae colonizes the synovium and induces synovitis is unclear.

A link between STK signalling and capsular polysaccharide synthesis in Streptococcus suis.

Synthesis of capsular polysaccharide (CPS), an important virulence factor of pathogenic bacteria, is modulated by the CpsBCD phosphoregulatory system in Streptococcus. Serine/threonine kinases (STKs, e.g.

Factor H Is Bound by Outer Membrane-Displayed Carbohydrate Metabolism Enzymes of Extraintestinal Pathogenic and Contributes to Opsonophagocytosis Resistance in Bacteria.

Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) causes bloodstream infections in humans and animals. Complement escape is a prerequisite for bacteria to survive in the bloodstream. Factor H (FH) is an important regulatory protein of the complement system.

Identification of novel genes associated with anti-phagocytic functions in Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus.

The anti-phagocytic abilities of bacteria often affect bacterial pathogenicity. Here, random mutant library of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) was constructed using transposon mutagenesis.

Immunomodulatory effects of Alhagi honey polysaccharides encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticles.

Alhagi honey polysaccharides (AHP) have been widely studied as immunomodulators. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have been frequently used to control the release of drugs. In this study, AHP was extracted and encapsulated within PLGA (AHPP).

Treatment effect of a flavonoid prescription on duck virus hepatitis by its hepatoprotective and antioxidative ability.

Context: Duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is an acute and lethal disease of young ducklings. However, there is still no effective drug to treat DVH.

Objective: This study assessed the curative effect on DVH of a flavonoid prescription baicalin-linarin-icariin-notoginsenoside R1 (BLIN) as well as the hepatoprotective and antioxidative effects of BLIN.

Preparation and heat resistance study of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus sugar glass vaccine.

To improve the preservation period without cold-chain of the live attenuated vaccine of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), a set of thermostable formulations composed of trehalose, tryptone and other protectants were dried by vacuum foam drying (VFD) along with PRRSV solutions. In the 37°C and 45°C resistance ageing test, the dried foam vaccine showed significant thermostability, and the virus titer lost 0.8 Log10 at 37°C for 4months, 1.

Construction of a recombinant duck enteritis virus (DEV) expressing hemagglutinin of H5N1 avian influenza virus based on an infectious clone of DEV vaccine strain and evaluation of its efficacy in ducks and chickens.

Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 remains a threat to poultry. Duck enteritis virus (DEV)-vectored vaccines expressing AIV H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) may be viable AIV and DEV vaccine candidates.

Methods: To facilitate the generation and further improvement of DEV-vectored HA(H5) vaccines, we first constructed an infectious clone of DEV Chinese vaccine strain C-KCE (DEV(C-KCE)).

Optimization on Preparation Conditions of Salidroside Liposome and Its Immunological Activity on PCV-2 in Mice.

The aim of this study was to optimize the preparation conditions of salidroside liposome with high encapsulation efficiency (EE) and to study the immunological enhancement activity of salidroside liposome as porcine circovirus type 2 virus (PCV-2) vaccine adjuvant. Response surface methodology (RSM) was selected to optimize the conditions for the preparation of salidroside liposome using Design-Expert V8.0.

Development of liposomal Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: formulation optimization and evaluation of its immunological activity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the optimizing preparation conditions of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide liposome (GLPL) with response surface methodology (RSM) and the immunological enhancement activity of GLPL. The immunological enhancement activity of GLPL on splenocyte proliferation was measured. The optimum formulation of GLPL, in which the ratio of soybean phospholipid to cholesterol(w/w) of 11:1, the ratio of soybean phospholipid to tween-80 (w/w) of 10.

Tissue expression of EphB2 and RNA-seq analysis during embryo im-plantation in Meishan pigs.

Embryo implantation is a key step affecting swine litter size, which is an important economic and reproduction trait in pigs. In order to investigate the effect of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor B2 (EphB2) on endometrium migration and attachment during swine embryo implantation, the mRNA and protein expression levels of EphB2 in endometrium implantation sites, endometrium non-implantation sites and ovary were detected in Meishan sows during pre-implantation, mid-implantation and post-implantation period using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. Differential expression genes were also analyzed in endometrium implantation sites and ovary during different implantation periods by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology.

Highly efficient expression of interleukin-2 under the control of rabbit β-globin intron II gene enhances protective immune responses of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) DNA vaccine in pigs.

Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) had caused catastrophic losses in swine industry in China. The current inactivated vaccine provided only limited protection, and the attenuated live vaccine could protect piglets against the HP-PRRSV but there was a possibility that the attenuated virus returned to high virulence. In this study, the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1© was modified under the control of rabbit β-globin intron II gene and the modified vector pMVAX1© was constructed.

The preparation of gypenosides liposomes and its effects on the peritoneal macrophages function in vitro.

Optimization of preparation of gypenosides liposome (GPSL) was investigated with response surface methodology (RSM) and the effect of GPSL activating phagocytosis activity and cytokine secretion of macrophages was determined in the paper. The results showed that the optimal conditions of GPSL preparation were as follows: the ratio of lipid to drug (w/w) of 8:1, the ratio of soybean phospholipid to cholesterol (w/w) of 6:1, the temperature of incubation of drug in water bath of 55°C, the time of incubation of drug of 11 min. With the condition, the experimental encapsulation efficiency of GPSL was 90.

Salidroside liposome formulation enhances the activity of dendritic cells and immune responses.

Salidroside, the important composition, of Rhodiola rosea L. has been reported to have various pharmacological properties. Liposome is known to be effective as drug carriers and immune adjuvant.