Restless Legs Syndrome Affects Sleep in de novo Parkinson's Disease Patients.

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and can affect the motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) of PD patients.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the clinical factors affected by RLS in patients with PD.

Methods: We included 369 de novo PD patients.

Differences in Cognitive Trajectories of Dementia: Comparison of Alzheimer's Disease Dementia and Dementia with Lewy Bodies in a Korean Patient Cohort.

Introduction: Prediction of the dementia progression is important for patient management. We aimed to investigate the cognitive trajectories of Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) according to the initial structural change measured by comprehensive visual rating scales (CVRS).

Methods: We retrospectively included the patients who initially visited the Dementia Clinic of Chonnam National University Hospital between 2010 and 2012.

Restless legs syndrome affects sleep in de novo Parkinson's disease patients.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and can affect the motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) of PD patients. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical factors affected by RLS in patients with PD. We included 369 de novo PD patients.

A Case Report of Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome with a Huge Retroperitoneal Cyst.

: Aside from primary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) with an unknown etiology (i.e., idiopathic intracranial hypertension), which typically occurs in association with obesity, several conditions including cerebral venous abnormalities, drug use, and hormonal imbalance may be a secondary cause of PTCS.

Two Opposing Roles of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Reactive Antibodies in Pre-Pandemic Plasma Samples From Elderly People in ACE2-Mediated Pseudovirus Infection.

A novel coronavirus designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged and caused an outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia. Several reports have shown that cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 also exist in people unexposed to this virus. However, the neutralizing activity of cross-reactive antibodies is controversial.

Gender differences in motor and non-motor symptoms in early Parkinson disease.

Gender differences in motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson disease (PD) are still controversial. This study aimed to investigate gender differences in clinical characteristics in patients with early PD.This study included 415 PD patients (201 men and 214 women) with modified Hoehn-Yahr stage 1 to 3 and a disease duration of ≤5 years.

Family history of hand tremor in patients with early Parkinson's disease.

Some patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) report hand tremors in their relatives. This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of early PD in patients with and without a family history of hand tremor. This study included 337 early and drug-naïve patients with PD.

Construction and validation of a cerebral white matter hyperintensity probability map of older Koreans.

Background And Purpose: Although two white matter hyperintensity (WMH) probability maps of healthy older adults already exist, they have several limitations in representing the distribution of WMH in healthy older adults, especially Asian older adults. We constructed and validated a WMH probability map (WPM) of healthy older Koreans and examined the age-associated differences of WMH.

Methods: We constructed WPM using development dataset that consisted of high-resolution 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images of 5 age groups (60-64 years, 65-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, and 80+ years).

Association between freezing of gait and bone mineral density in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients are at risk for developing bone health problems, and freezing of gait (FOG) in PD is associated with a high risk of falling and fracture. This study aimed to determine the association between FOG and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with PD. We included 148 PD patients.

Classification of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Cortical and Subcortical Features from MRI T1 Brain Images Utilizing Four Different Types of Datasets.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative illnesses (dementia) among the elderly. Recently, researchers have developed a new method for the instinctive analysis of AD based on machine learning and its subfield, deep learning. Recent state-of-the-art techniques consider multimodal diagnosis, which has been shown to achieve high accuracy compared to a unimodal prognosis.

Insights of structure-based pharmacophore studies and inhibitor design against Gal3 receptor through molecular dynamics simulations.

Our present work studies the structure-based pharmacophore modeling and designing inhibitor against Gal3 receptor through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations extensively. Pharmacophore models play a key role in computer-aided drug discovery like in the case of virtual screening of chemical databases, drug design and lead optimization. Structure-based methods for developing pharmacophore models are important, and there have been a number of studies combining such methods with the use of MD simulations to model protein's flexibility.

Alpha-neoendorphin can reduce UVB-induced skin photoaging by activating cellular autophagy.

Skin aging is influenced by several genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. In particular, ultraviolet (UV) exposure is an important factor involved in inducing skin photoaging. Autophagy controlling homeostatic balance between the synthesis, degradation, and recycling of cellular organelles and proteins plays important regulatory roles in several biological processes, including aging.

Cloning, purification and characterization of a recombinant protease with novel thrombolytic activity in human plasma and rat thrombosis models.

Background: There is a need to identify and develop novel thrombolytic agents that can directly digest fibrin clots from various biological resources.

Objective: To clone, express, purify, and characterize a recombinant protease named rvFMP capable of cleaving fibrinogen, fibrin polymer, and cross-linked fibrin in human plasma milieu and rat thrombosis model systems.

Results: We cloned a vFMP-encoding gene from the genomic DNA of V.

miR-16-5p is upregulated by amyloid β deposition in Alzheimer's disease models and induces neuronal cell apoptosis through direct targeting and suppression of BCL-2.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with irreversible neurodegeneration. Accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain is considered to be a major cause of neuronal cell death in AD, but the neurotoxic mechanism of Aβ is not yet fully understood. Here, we focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in Aβ-induced neuronal cell death.

Reversion From Mild Cognitive Impairment To Normal Cognition: False-Positive Error Or True Restoration Thanks To Cognitive Control Ability?

Purpose: Relatively little attention has been paid to the meaning of reversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to cognitively normal (CN), compared to MCI progression studies. The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics contributing to reversion from MCI to CN and to identify the associated factors with such reversion.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively identified 200 individuals who initially diagnosed as MCI and completed the second visit from the National Research Center for Dementia (NRCD) registry in Korea.

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using combined features from voxel-based morphometry and cortical, subcortical, and hippocampus regions of MRI T1 brain images.

In recent years, several high-dimensional, accurate, and effective classification methods have been proposed for the automatic discrimination of the subject between Alzheimer's disease (AD) or its prodromal phase {i.e., mild cognitive impairment (MCI)} and healthy control (HC) persons based on T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI).

Gender-dependent effect of coffee consumption on tremor severity in de novo Parkinson's disease.

Background: Coffee consumption represents a negative risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and seems to affect PD motor symptoms. We aimed to investigate the association between coffee consumption and motor symptoms in de novo PD patients.

Methods: In total, 284 patients with de novo PD were included in the current study.

Do schooling gains yield anomalous Jensen effects? A reply to Flynn (2019) including a meta-analysis.

A test of Jensen effects is of nil value as a diagnostic instrument when various good-sized meta-analyses show Jensen effects appear for both genetic effects and environmental effects. Using thought experiments, Flynn (2019) claims that some schooling gains yield Jensen effects, which should not be the case for an environmental effect. However, a meta-analysis (K = 12, total N = 60,993, mean r = 0.

3D-Deep Learning Based Automatic Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease with Joint MMSE Prediction Using Resting-State fMRI.

We performed this research to 1) evaluate a novel deep learning method for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 2) jointly predict the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores of South Korean patients with AD. Using resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) scans of 331 participants, we obtained functional 3-dimensional (3-D) independent component spatial maps for use as features in classification and regression tasks. A 3-D convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture was developed for the classification task.

SNP genotype calling and quality control for multi-batch-based studies.

Background: In genetic analyses, the term 'batch effect' refers to systematic differences caused by batch heterogeneity. Controlling this unintended effect is the most important step in quality control (QC) processes that precede analyses. Currently, batch effects are not appropriately controlled by statistics, and newer approaches are required.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background/aims: Disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to a need for biomarkers to identify prodromal AD and very early stage of AD dementia. We aimed to identify the cutoff values of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for detecting prodromal AD.

Methods: We assessed 56 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who underwent lumbar puncture.

Spearman's hypothesis tested comparing Korean young adults with various other groups of young adults on the items of the Advanced Progressive Matrices.

Spearman's hypothesis tested at the subtest level of an IQ battery states that differences between races on the subtests of an IQ battery are a function of the g loadings of these subtests, such that there are small differences between races on subtests with low g loadings and large differences between races on subtests with high g loadings. Jensen (1998) stated that Spearman's hypothesis is a law-like phenomenon. It has also been confirmed many times at the level of items of the Raven's Progressive Matrices.

Investigation of brain functional connectivity in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study.

This study examines brain functional connectivity in both cognitively normal seniors and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to elucidate prospective markers of MCI. A homemade four-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system was employed to measure hemodynamic responses in the subjects' prefrontal cortex during a resting state, an oddball task, a 1-back task, and a verbal fluency task. Brain functional connectivity was calculated as the Pearson correlation coefficients between fNIRS channels.