Metabolic profiling of Achillea millefolium from the Chernobyl exclusion zone reveals the adaptive strategies to low-dose chronic radiation exposure.

The radionuclide contamination of the environment is an abiotic stress factor that influences biological systems. Plants growing in contaminated areas for many generations provide a unique opportunity to study adaptive strategies aimed at maintaining homeostasis under elevated radiation levels. Using non-targeted metabolomics approaches, we investigated the metabolomic profiles of Achillea millefolium L.

Upper Limit on the Photoproduction Cross Section of the Spin-Exotic π_{1}(1600).

The spin-exotic hybrid meson π_{1}(1600) is predicted to have a large decay rate to the ωππ final state. Using 76.6  pb^{-1} of data collected with the GlueX detector, we measure the cross sections for the reactions γp→ωπ^{+}π^{-}p, γp→ωπ^{0}π^{0}p, and γp→ωπ^{-}π^{0}Δ^{++} in the range E_{γ}=8-10  GeV.

The Antibacterial Activity of Yeasts from Unique Biocenoses.

The replenishment of our stock of substances that possess a therapeutic potential is an important objective in modern biomedicine. Despite the important advances achieved in chemical synthesis, the natural diversity of organisms and microorganisms remains an important source of biologically active compounds. Here, we report the results of our study of a unique collection containing more than 3,000 samples of yeasts found on the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kuril Islands, and Sakhalin Island, Russia.

Effect of 8-Oxo-1,-Ethenoadenine Derivatives on the Activity of RNA Polymerases from SARS-CoV-2 and .

Bacterial and viral RNA polymerases are promising targets for the development of new transcription inhibitors. One of the potential blockers of RNA synthesis is 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-1,-ethenoadenine (oxo-εA), a synthetic compound that combines two adenine modifications: 8-oxoadenine and 1,-ethenoadenine. In this study, we synthesized oxo-εA triphosphate (oxo-εATP) and showed that it could be incorporated by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2 into synthesized RNA opposite template residues A and G in the presence of Mn ions.

Combined irradiation by gamma-rays and carbon-12 nuclei caused hyperlocomotion and change in striatal metabolism of rats.

Exposure to ionizing radiation during manned deep space missions to Mars could lead to functional impairments of the central nervous system, which may compromise the success of the mission and affect the quality of life for returning astronauts. Along with radiation-induced changes in cognitive abilities and emotional status, the effects of increased motor activity were observed. The mechanisms behind these phenomena still remain unresolved.

Microwave Surface and Lamb Waves in a Thin Diamond Plate: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation.

Microwave surface and Lamb waves in a multilayered piezoelectric "Al-IDT/(AlSc)N/(001)[110] diamond" structure designed as a SAW resonator were studied using both the experimental and modeling methods. In this structure, it is possible to generate Rayleigh, surface horizontal (SH) and Lamb waves simultaneously. The successful excitation of Lamb waves at operating frequencies up to 20 GHz has been obtained.

The Presence of Two Distinct Lineages of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Type A in Russia in 2013-2014 Has Significant Implications for the Epidemiology of the Virus in the Region.

Molecular surveillance of FMD epidemiology is a fundamental tool for advancing our understanding of virus biology, monitoring virus evolution, and guiding vaccine design. The accessibility of genetic data will facilitate a more comprehensive delineation of FMDV phylogeny on a global scale. In this study, we investigated the FMDV strains circulating in Russia during the 2013-2014 period in geographically distant regions utilizing whole genome sequencing followed by maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of whole genome and VP1 gene sequences.

Au Acyclic (Amino)(N-Pyridinium)carbenoids: Synthesis via Addition of 2-PySeCl to Au-Bound Isonitriles, Structures, and Cytotoxicity.

In this study, we report the first example of acyclic (amino)(N-pyridinium)carbenoid gold(III) complexes synthesized via a coupling reaction between 2-pyridylselenyl chloride and Au(I)-bound isonitriles. The reaction involves an initial oxidative addition of the Se-Cl moiety to Au(I), followed by the nucleophilic addition of the pyridine fragment to the isonitrile's C≡N bond, furnishing a metallacycle. Importantly, this is the first example of the pyridine acting as a nucleophile towards metal-bound isonitriles.

The Construction of Heterothallic Strains of Using the I-SceI Meganuclease.

The methylotrophic yeast belongs to the group of homothallic fungi that are able to spontaneously change their mating type by inversion of chromosomal DNA in the MAT locus region. As a result, natural and genetically engineered cultures of these yeasts typically contain a mixture of sexually dimorphic cells that are prone to self-diploidisation and spore formation accompanied by genetic rearrangements. These characteristics pose a significant challenge to the development of genetically stable producers for industrial use.

Realization of Intermolecular Interactions as a Basis for Controlling Pervaporation Properties of Membranes Made of Aromatic Polyamide-Imides.

New aromatic co-polyamide-imides (coPAIs) containing both carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the repeating units were synthesized for the first time. Transport, thermal and morphological properties of dense nonporous membranes from PAIs obtained using the diacid chloride of 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,3-dioxoisoindoline-5-carboxylic acid and diamines 5,5'-methylene-bis (2-aminophenol)) and 3,5-Diaminobenzoic acid, taken in molar ratios of 7:3, 1:1, and 3:7, have been studied. High levels of membrane permeability accompanied by high selectivity for mixtures of liquids with significantly different polarities were determined by realization of intra- and intermolecular interactions in polymer, which was proved by thermal analyses and hydrodynamic characteristics of coPAIs.

Influence of Retrodipeptide Analogue of Cholecystokinin Tetrapeptide (GB-115) and Phenazepam on the Behavior of Rhesus Monkeys under Isolation Conditions.

Introduction: The developed domestic retrodipeptide analogue of cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK) (N-(6-phenylhexanoyl)-glycyltryptophan amide, or compound GB-115) with antagonistic properties in relation to CCK1 receptors has anxiolytic activity previously shown in preclinical and clinical studies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of GB-115 as a tablet form with subchronic oral administration in comparison with phenazepam in nonhuman primates.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on four male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) aged 5.

Identification of a new alphacoronavirus (Coronaviridae: ) associated with the greater horseshoe bat () in the south of European part of Russia.

Introduction: Bats are recognized as primary natural reservoirs for alpha- and betacoronaviruses. The interspecies transmission of bat coronaviruses to other mammalian hosts, including livestock and humans, can lead to epidemics, epizootics, and global pandemics.

Objective: This study aims to describe coronaviruses associated with horseshoe bats ( spp.

Engineering hydrogen bonding at tyrosine-201 in the orange carotenoid protein using halogenated analogues.

The Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) is a unique water-soluble photoactive protein that plays a critical role in regulating the balance between light harvesting and photoprotective responses in cyanobacteria. The challenge in understanding OCP´s photoactivation mechanism stems from the heterogeneity of the initial configurations of its embedded ketocarotenoid, which in the dark-adapted state can form up to two hydrogen bonds to critical amino acids in the protein's C-terminal domain, and the extremely low quantum yield of primary photoproduct formation. While a series of experiments involving point mutations within these contacts helped us to identify these challenges, they did not resolve them.

[Photopolymerizable compositions for bone tissue regeneration].

The review considers methods of manufacturing photopolymerizable compositions for bone tissue repair, as well as polymers and photoinitiators used for this purpose. Their physical and biological properties are described. Examples of light-curing compositions used in biomedicine and tissue engineering are given.

[Mechanical properties of photopolymerisable compositions for the creation of bone and dental tissue equivalents].

The Aim Of The Study: Was to elaborate and assess biocompatible compositions based on oligocarbonate methacrylate filled with hydroxyapatite.

Materials And Methods: The manufacturing methods of the compositions are considered, and their polymerization ability, strength and elastic properties are evaluated.

Results: The highest values of hardness and elasticity were found in the composition containing 0.

Photocrosslinking of hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels through biotissue barriers.

Photocrosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid are promising biomaterials high in demand in tissue engineering. Typically, hydrogels are photocured under the action of UV or blue light strongly absorbed by biotissues, which limits prototyping under living organism conditions. To overcome this limitation, we propose the derivatives of well-known photosensitizers, namely chlorin , chlorin and phthalocyanine, as those for radical polymerization in the transparency window of biotissues.

Transcriptional Changes Associated with Amyoplasia.

Arthrogryposis, which represents a group of congenital disorders, includes various forms. One such form is amyoplasia, which most commonly presents in a sporadic form in addition to distal forms, among which hereditary cases may occur. This condition is characterized by limited joint mobility and muscle weakness, leading to limb deformities and various clinical manifestations.

Genetic Diversity of the Collection of Far Eastern spp. Revealed by RAD Sequencing Technology.

More than ten species of the Lindl. genus bear edible fruits rich in biologically active compounds, which are essential and beneficial for human health. The most popular cultivars today are the large-fruited species, and , commonly known as kiwi.

Gas-Thermal Spraying Synthesis of β-GaO Luminescent Ceramics.

This paper presents the initial results of the synthesis of β-GaO luminescent ceramics via plasma gas-thermal spraying synthesis, where low-temperature plasma of an argon and nitrogen mixture was employed. A direct current electric arc generator of high-enthalpy plasma jet with a self-aligning arc length and an expanding channel of an output electrode served as a plasma source. The feedstock material consisted of a polydisperse powder of monocrystalline β-GaO with particle sizes ranging from 5 to 50 μm.

Cellular and Molecular Effects of the Bruck Syndrome-Associated Mutation in the Gene.

Bruck syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by increased bone fragility and joint contractures similar to those in arthrogryposis and is known to be associated with mutations in the () and () genes. These genes encode endoplasmic reticulum proteins that play an important role in the biosynthesis of type I collagen, which in turn affects the structure and strength of connective tissues and bones in the body. Mutations are associated with disturbances in both the primary collagen chain and its post-translational formation, but the mechanism by which mutations lead to Bruck syndrome phenotypes has not been determined, not only because of the small number of patients who come to the attention of researchers but also because of the lack of disease models.

The Cellular and Transcriptomic Early Innate Immune Response to BCG Vaccination in Mice.

It is established that BCG vaccination results in the development of both a specific immune response to mycobacterial infections and a nonspecific (heterologous) immune response, designated as trained immunity (TRIM), to other pathogens. We hypothesized that local BCG immunization may induce an early immune response in bone marrow and spleen innate immunity cells. The early transcriptomic response of various populations of innate immune cells, including monocytes, neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells, to BCG vaccination was examined.

ACTH-like Peptides Compensate Rat Brain Gene Expression Profile Disrupted by Ischemia a Day After Experimental Stroke.

Ischemic stroke results from a disruption of cerebral blood flow. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) serves as the basis for the creation of synthetic peptides as neuroprotective agents for stroke therapy. Previously, using RNA-Seq we first revealed differential expressed genes (DEGs) associated with ACTH(4-7)PGP (Semax) and ACTH(6-9)PGP peptides under cerebral ischemia conditions.

Grapefruit-Derived Vesicles Loaded with Recombinant HSP70 Activate Antitumor Immunity in Colon Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo.

Stress protein HSP70 administered exogenously has demonstrated high potential as an efficient adjuvant in antitumor immune response. To enhance the antigen-presenting activity, bioavailability, and stability of exogenous recombinant human HSP70, we propose incorporating it into plant extracellular vesicles. Earlier, we found that grapefruit-derived extracellular vesicles (GEV) were able to store the protein with no loss of its major function, chaperone activity.

Fullerenol C(OH): Antioxidant, Cytoprotective, Anti-Influenza Virus Activity, and Self-Assembly in Aqueous Solutions and Cell Culture Media.

Viral infections and many other dangerous diseases are accompanied by the development of oxidative stress, which is a consequence of an increase in the level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this regard, the search for effective antioxidants remains highly relevant. We tested fullerenol C(OH) in the context of the connection between its self-assembly in aqueous solutions and cell culture media, antiradical activity, UV cytoprotective action, and antiviral activity against international reference strains of influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B subtypes in vitro on the MDCK cell line.

Anaeroselena agilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Sulfite- and Arsenate-Respiring Bacterium Within the Family Acetonemataceae Isolated from a Thermal Spring of North Ossetia.

A novel Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 4137-cl, was isolated from a thermal spring of North Ossetia (Russian Federation). Strain 4137-cl grew at 30-50 °C (optimum 42 °C) with 0-3.5% NaCl (optimum 0-0.