Chilling Upregulates Expression of the PsbS and LhcSR Genes in the Chloroplasts of the Green Microalga Lobosphaera incisa IPPAS C-2047.

Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of excited chlorophyll states is essential for protecting the photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) from the excessive light-induced damage in all groups of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. The key component of the NPQ mechanism in green algae and some other groups of algae and mosses is the LhcSR protein of the light harvesting complex (LHC) protein superfamily. In vascular plants, LhcSR is replaced by PsbS, another member of the LHC superfamily and a subunit of photosystem II (PSII).

Influence of low-voltage discharge energy on the morphology of carbon nanostructures in induced benzene transformation.

The directions of the transformation of benzene induced by low-voltage discharges at various energies of pulsed discharges were revealed. This paper shows the dependencies of the morphology and other characteristics of nanostructures obtained in the induced transformation of benzene on the energy of pulsed discharges. Nanostructures with different morphologies are formed when the energy of the low-voltage discharges changes during the induced transformation of benzene in the liquid phase.

The first amorphous and crystalline yttrium lactate: synthesis and structural features.

The synthesis and crystal structure of the first molecular yttrium lactate complex, Y(Lac)(HO), is reported, where the coordination sphere of yttrium is saturated with lactate ligands and water molecules, resulting in a neutral moiety. In Y(Lac)(HO), hydrogen bonding between α-hydroxy groups and water molecules allows for the formation of 2D layers. A subtle variation in synthetic conditions, a slight increase in pH (5.

The Effect of Chilling on the Photosynthetic Apparatus of Microalga Lobosphaera incisa IPPAS C-2047.

Photosynthetic organisms have developed a set of mechanisms aimed at preventing photo-oxidative reactions in the photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) initiated by excessively absorbed light energy. Along with high irradiance, other stressors, e.g.

Synthesis and spectral characterization of the first fluorescein-tagged iron(ii) clathrochelates, their supramolecular interactions with globular proteins, and cellular uptake.

A fluorescein-tagged iron(ii) cage complex was obtained in a moderate total yield using a two-step synthetic procedure starting from its propargylamine-containing clathrochelate precursor. An 11-fold decrease in fluorescence quantum yield is observed in passing from the given fluorescein-based dye to its clathrochelate derivative. An excitation energy transfer from the terminal fluorescent group of the macrobicyclic molecule to its quasiaromatic highly π-conjugated clathrochelate framework can explain this effect.

"Flora of Russia" on iNaturalist: a dataset.

Background: The "Flora of Russia" project on iNaturalist brought together professional scientists and amateur naturalists from all over the country. Over 10,000 people were involved in the data collection.

New Information: Within 20 months, the participants accumulated 750,143 photo observations of 6,857 species of the Russian flora.

The impact of alicyclic substituents on the extraction ability of new family of 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-diamides.

Development of efficient extractants for the separation of actinides and lanthanides in the technologies of nuclear fuel cycle is one of the most urgent and complex tasks in modern nuclear energetics. New family of 4,7-dichloro-1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid diamides based on cyclic amines was synthesized and shown to exhibit high selectivity in the La/Am pair separation (SF (Am/La ≈ 10)) and in the Am/Eu pair separation (SF (Am/Eu ≈ 12)). It was shown that pyrrolidine derived diamide is more efficient extractant for americium, curium and lanthanides from highly acidic HNO solution than its non-cyclic ,,','-tetraalkyl analogues.

A new strain group of common carp: The genetic differences and admixture events between breeds.

Common carp () has an outstanding economic importance in freshwater aquaculture due to its high adaptive capacity to both food and environment. In fact, it is the third most farmed fish species worldwide according to the Food and Agriculture Organization. More than four million tons of common carp are produced annually in aquaculture, and more than a hundred thousand tons are caught from the wild.

Digging deeper: structural background of PEGylated fibrin gels in cell migration and lumenogenesis.

Fibrin is a well-known tool in tissue engineering, but the structure of its modifications created to improve its properties remains undiscussed despite its importance, in designing biomaterials that ensure cell migration and lumenogenesis. We sought to uncover the structural aspects of PEGylated fibrin hydrogels shown to contribute to angiogenesis. The analysis of the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data and modeling revealed that the PEGylation of fibrinogen led to the formation of oligomeric species, which are larger at a higher PEG : fibrinogen molar ratio.

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents.

One of the future applications of magnetic nanoparticles is the development of new iron-oxide-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) negative contrast agents, which are intended to improve the results of diagnostics and complement existing Gd-based contrast media. Iron oxide nanoparticles designed for use as MRI contrast media are precisely examined by a variety of methods: powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy and zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance (ZF-NMR) spectroscopy. TEM and XRD measurements reveal a spherical shape of the nanoparticles with an average diameter of 5-8 nm and a cubic spinel-type crystal structure of space group -3.

Extension and functionalization of an encapsulating macrobicyclic ligand using palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira reactions of iron(ii) dihalogenoclathrochelates with inherent halogen substituents.

A new approach for performing Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira reactions of iron(ii) dihalogenoclathrochelates, optimizing their reaction conditions (such as temperature, solvent and a palladium-containing catalyst) and the nature of other reagents (such as arylboron components) is elaborated. These palladium-catalyzed reactions are very sensitive to the nature of the macrobicyclic substrates. The reactivity of the leaving halogen atoms correlates with their ability to undergo an oxidative addition, decreasing in the order: I > Br > Cl, and iron(ii) diiodoclathrochelate underwent these C-C cross-couplings under their "classical" conditions.

Structural flexibility of human α-dystroglycan.

Dystroglycan (DG), composed of α and β subunits, belongs to the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex. α-DG is an extracellular matrix protein that undergoes a complex post-translational glycosylation process. The bifunctional glycosyltransferase like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (LARGE) plays a crucial role in the maturation of α-DG, enabling its binding to laminin.

Early stage of cytomegalovirus infection suppresses host microRNA expression regulation in human fibroblasts.

Responses to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection are largely individual and cell type specific. We investigated molecular profiles in 2 primary cell cultures of human fibroblasts, which are highly or marginally sensitive to HCMV infection, respectively. We screened expression of genes and microRNAs (miRs) at the early (3 hours) stage of infection.

Molecular pathway activation features linked with transition from normal skin to primary and metastatic melanomas in human.

Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous type of skin cancer, but its molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. For transcriptomic data of 478 primary and metastatic melanoma, nevi and normal skin samples, we performed high-throughput analysis of intracellular molecular networks including 592 signaling and metabolic pathways. We showed that at the molecular pathway level, the formation of nevi largely resembles transition from normal skin to primary melanoma.

Heterometallic Na6Co3 Phenylsilsesquioxane Exhibiting Slow Dynamic Behavior in its Magnetization.

A heterometallic phenylsilsesquioxane [(PhSiO1,5)22(CoO)3(NaO0.5)6]⋅(EtOH)6⋅(H2O) 1 cage architecture of Co(II) ions in a triangular topology exhibits a slow dynamic behavior in its magnetization, induced by the freezing of the spins of individual molecules.