Using optimization approach to design dental implant in three types of bone quality - A finite element analysis.

Background/purpose: The use of finite element (FE) analysis in implant biomechanics offers many advantages over other approaches in simulating the complexity of clinical situations. The aim of this study was to perform an optimization analysis of dental implants with different thread designs in three types of bone quality.

Materials And Methods: The three-dimensional FE model of a mandibular bone block with a screw-shaped dental implant and superstructure was simulated.

Phosphotungstic acid-enhanced micro-computed tomography and RNA sequencing provide a new perspective on temporomandibular joint arthritis induced by complete Freund's adjuvant and collagen-induced arthritis in rat models.

Background/purpose: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis causes inflammation and degradation of the mandibular condylar cartilage and subchondral bone. Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) are models for studying TMJ arthritis. While micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is crucial for three-dimensional (3D) bone analysis, it has limitations in imaging nonmineralized tissues.

Specialty education and scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery in the United States.

In the United States, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMS) is a specialty of dentistry that focuses on the management of injuries, diseases, and defects of the head, neck, face, and jaws. The present manuscript is an article on education and training of OMS residents in the United States. It a lso briefly describes the scope of practice of the specialty.

From microscope to masterpiece: Validating the role of artistic competition in enhancing dental students' engagement in histological study.

Background/purpose: Our previous study found that the integration of arts into the dental education through an innovative photomicrograph competition can increase the dental students' interests in learning microscopic lessons. This study aimed to validate whether the same photomicrograph competition still had its effectiveness to promote the students' interests in learning microscopic lessons.

Materials And Methods: A photomicrograph competition was organized for the 477 dental students.

Automatic classification of temporomandibular joint disorders by magnetic resonance imaging and convolutional neural networks.

Background/purpose: In this study, we utilized magnetic resonance imaging data of the temporomandibular joint, collected from the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Our research focuses on the classification and severity analysis of temporomandibular joint disease using convolutional neural networks.

Materials And Methods: In gray-scale image series, the most critical features often lie within the articular disc cartilage, situated at the junction of the temporal bone and the condyles.

Periacetabular metastases: Proposed extension of the Harrington classification.

Objectives: To describe the functional outcomes, complications, and reconstruction types in patients with periacetabular metastases and to propose an extension of the Harrington classification.

Methods: Twenty-eight patients (13 males, 15 females) with a mean age of 63.8 ± 15.

Fecal propionate is a signature of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the roles of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: The levels of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) in 83 patients with PCOS and 63 controls were measured, and their relationships with various metabolic parameters were analyzed. Intestinal microbiome analysis was conducted to identify relevant bacteria.

Development and characterisation of a novel complex triple cell culture model of the human alveolar epithelial barrier.

Unlabelled: Owing to increased pressure from ethical groups and the public to avoid unnecessary animal testing, the need for new, responsive and biologically relevant in vitro models has surged. Models of the human alveolar epithelium are of particular interest since thorough investigations into air pollution and the effects of inhaled nanoparticles and e-cigarettes are needed. The lung is a crucial organ of interest due to potential exposures to endogenous material during occupational and ambient settings.

Serum Antidiuretic Hormone Level in Nocturnal Enuretic School Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is a common pediatric condition characterized by involuntary nighttime bed wetting. Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is associated with altered antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion and lacks lower urinary tract symptoms. This study aimed to compare serum ADH levels between children with PMNE and a comparison group to explore its potential role in the pathophysiology of PMNE.

Evaluating the predictive value of endoscopic findings for residual colorectal cancer following neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Background: Endoscopy allows for the direct observation of primary tumor characteristics and responses after neoadjuvant treatment. However, reports on endoscopic evaluation following neoadjuvant immunotherapy remain limited.

Aim: To examine the predictive value of endoscopic findings of primary tumors for responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy.

Validation of new predictors of mortality and BODE index variants in patients with COPD at moderate altitude.

Background: COPD ranks as the third leading global cause of mortality. Despite the widespread use of the BODE index and its variants for mortality prediction, their accuracy may be affected by factors like ethnicity, altitude and regional disparities. This study aimed to assess a new altitude-adapted prognostic index in COPD patients at moderate altitudes compared with the BODE and other mortality predictors.

Questionnaire survey on the clinical application of Hall technique preformed metal crowns in caries of primary molars in China.

Objective: To analyze the clinical application and limiting factors of the Hall technique (HT) preformed metal crowns in caries of primary molars and to provide reference for its clinical application based on a questionnaire survey.

Materials And Methods: From June to December 2022, a questionnaire was distributed to pediatric dentists through the WeChat platform using "Questionnaire Star" to analyze the clinical application and influencing factors of the HT preformed metal crowns in caries of primary molars.

Results: A total of 700 survey questionnaires were distributed, and 650 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a effectiveness rate of 92.

Risk prediction model of cognitive performance in older people with cardiovascular diseases: a study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.

Background And Aim: Changes in cognitive function are commonly associated with aging in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was to construct and validate a nomogram-based predictive model for the identification of cognitive impairment in older people suffering from cardiovascular diseases.

Methods And Results: This retrospective study included 498 participants with cardiovascular diseases aged >60 selected from the NHANES 2011-2014.

Pharmacological action of polysaccharides: a review.

, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and food, which has a long history of clinical application, is used to improve health conditions and treat various diseases. polysaccharides (ASP), the main active component of this traditional Chinese medicine, have multicomponent, multitarget characteristics and very broad pharmacological activities. They play important roles in the treatment of several diseases.

Machine learning Hubbard parameters with equivariant neural networks.

Density-functional theory with extended Hubbard functionals (DFT +  + ) provides a robust framework to accurately describe complex materials containing transition-metal or rare-earth elements. It does so by mitigating self-interaction errors inherent to semi-local functionals which are particularly pronounced in systems with partially-filled d and f electronic states. However, achieving accuracy in this approach hinges upon the accurate determination of the on-site and inter-site Hubbard parameters.

Improved Efficacy of a Predictive Model for Swallowing-Induced Breakthrough Pain Based on a Redefined Delineation Method in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore the performance of a predictive model for swallowing-induced breakthrough pain established using a redefined delineation method based on the common occurrence sites of radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods And Materials: A total of 208 patients with locally advanced NPC were included in the study cohort, and the test cohort consisted of 88 patients. The oral mucosa structure was contoured using oral cavity contour (OCC), mucosal surface contour (MSC), and oral-pharyngeal mucosa (OPM) methods, and relevant dosimetric parameters were collected.

Prognostic and diagnostic value of circRNA expression in cervical cancer: a meta analysis.

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is a highly prevalent malignancy of the reproductive system. This study aimed to methodically assess the function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as possible indicators of CC, with a specific emphasis on their usefulness in the identification, prediction, and correlation with clinicopathological elements.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI).

Research hotspots and trends in gut microbiota and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A bibliometric study.

Background: Recent research indicates that the intestinal microbial community, known as the gut microbiota, may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To understand this relationship, this study used a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore and analyze the currently little-known connection between gut microbiota and NAFLD, as well as new findings and possible future pathways in this field.

Aim: To provide an in-depth analysis of the current focus issues and research developments on the interaction between gut microbiota and NAFLD.

Impact of liver cirrhosis on morbidity and mortality of patients admitted to the hospital with necrotizing fasciitis.

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a potentially fatal bacterial infection of the soft tissues. Liver cirrhosis appears to be a contributing factor to higher morbidity and mortality in patients with NF. This research article explores the relationship between these two conditions.

Effect of invasive acupuncture on awakening quality after general anesthesia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The process of waking up from general anesthesia is still not well understood, and recovery issues such as delayed awakening, agitation, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, continue to be a challenge for anesthesiologists. Currently, the treatment of these complications is mainly achieved through the antagonistic action of specific drugs, but sometimes the antagonistic drugs are not as effective as they should be and can add to the financial burden of the patient. Acupuncture, a common treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine, is widely used around surgery.

Elucidating Mesostructural Effects on Thermal Conductivity for Enhanced Insulation Applications.

Thermal management is a key link in improving energy utilization and preparing insulation materials with excellent performance is the core technological issue. Complex and irregular pore structures of insulation materials hinder the exploration of structure-property relationships and the further promotion of material performance. Ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) is a kind of porous material with ordered frameworks.

Population-Based Analysis of the Risk of Mycobacterial Infections Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

In this population-based study, we examined the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors among people with cancer. Using a nested case-control design, we identified 184 cases and 714 matched controls; there was no significant association on conditional logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio, 0.51 [95% confidence interval, .

A Systematic Review of Synthetic and Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activity of Quinazoline/Quinazolin-4-one Analogues.

Quinazolines/quinazolin-4-ones are significant nitrogen-containing heterocycles that exist in various natural products and synthetic scaffolds with diverse medicinal and pharmacological applications. Researchers across the globe have explored numerous synthetic strategies to develop safer and more potent quinazoline/quinazolinone analogues, particularly for combating cancer and microbial infections. This review systematically examines scholarly efforts toward understanding this scaffold's synthetic pathways and medicinal relevance, emphasizing the role of metal and non-metal catalysts and other reagents in their synthesis.