Nondestructive detection of pungent and numbing compounds in spicy hotpot seasoning with hyperspectral imaging and machine learning.

The levels of capsaicin (CAP) and hydroxy-α-sanshool (α-SOH) are crucial for evaluating the spiciness and numbing sensation in spicy hotpot seasoning. Although liquid chromatography can accurately measure these compounds, the method is invasive. This study aimed to utilize hyperspectral imaging (HSI) combined with machine learning for the nondestructive detection of CAP and α-SOH in hotpot seasoning.

A Software Tool for Rapid and Automated Preprocessing of Large-Scale Serum Metabolomic Data by Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics often rely on separation techniques when analyzing complex biological specimens to improve method resolution, metabolome coverage, quantitative performance, and/or unknown identification. However, low sample throughput and complicated data preprocessing procedures remain major barriers to affordable metabolomic studies that are scalable to large populations. Herein, we introduce PeakMeister as a new software tool in the R statistical environment to enable standardized processing of serum metabolomic data acquired by multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS), a high-throughput separation platform (<4 min/sample) which takes advantage of a serial injection format of 13 samples within a single analytical run.

Developing Linkages Between PROMIS Physical Function CAT and QuickDASH Scores in Hand Surgery: A Crosswalk Study.

Background: There is no standardization within hand and upper-extremity surgery regarding which patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are collected and reported. This limits the ability to compare or combine cohorts that utilize different PROMs. The aim of this study was to develop a linkage model for the QuickDASH (shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) and PROMIS PF CAT (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function computerized adaptive testing) instruments to allow interconversion between these PROMs in a hand surgery population.

Effects on Multimodal Connectivity Patterns in Female Schizophrenia During 8 Weeks of Antipsychotic Treatment.

Background And Hypothesis: Respective abnormal structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) have been reported in individuals with schizophrenia. However, transmodal associations between SC and FC following antipsychotic treatment, especially in female schizophrenia, remain unclear. We hypothesized that increased SC-FC coupling may be found in female schizophrenia, and could be normalized after antipsychotic treatment.

Discovery, Characterization, and Application of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Peptide AtR905 from as a Biocontrol Agent.

This study investigates a novel antimicrobial peptide AtR905 derived from the endophytic fungus , which was successfully expressed in , purified, and characterized, and highlighted as a promising potential biocontrol agent against various plant pathogens. The results indicated AtR905 exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against key pathogens such as and with very low minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Stability tests confirmed that AtR905 retains its antimicrobial properties under varying thermal, pH, and UV conditions.

N-acetylation of α-synuclein enhances synaptic vesicle clustering mediated by α-synuclein and lysophosphatidylcholine.

Previously, we reported that α-synuclein (α-syn) clusters synaptic vesicles (SV) Diao et al., 2013, and neutral phospholipid lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) can mediate this clustering Lai et al., 2023.

Comparison of three different scoring systems in predicting success of retrograde intrarenal surgery in kidney stones larger than 20 millimeters.

Purpose: To evaluate stone free rate (SFR) predictivity of three different scoring systems in patients with kidney stones larger than 20 millimeters undergoing retrograde intrarenal surgery(RİRS).

Methods: Digital records of a total of 166 patients were reviewed retrospectively. Epidemiological characteristics (age, gender, medical history) of the patients, stone and affected kidney characteristics (size, volume, location, density, opaque, presence of urinary system anomaly, presence of stones in different calyx, number of stones, lower pole stone, renal infundibulopelvic angle (IPA), renal infundibulopelvic length (RIL), hydronephrosis), and operative characteristics (preoperative ureteral stent, operation duration, postoperative residual fragments, hospitalization time and complications were recorded.

Changes in Medication Complexity and Post-Hospitalization Outcomes in Older Adults Hospitalized for Heart Failure.

Introduction: Medication regimen complexity may be an important risk factor for adverse outcomes in older adults with heart failure. However, increasing complexity is often necessary when prescribing guideline-directed medical therapy at the time of a heart failure hospitalization. We sought to determine whether increased medication regimen complexity following a heart failure hospitalization was associated with worse post-hospitalization outcomes.

Core-Shell Magnetic Particles: Tailored Synthesis and Applications.

Core-shell magnetic particles consisting of magnetic core and functional shells have aroused widespread attention in multidisciplinary fields spanning chemistry, materials science, physics, biomedicine, and bioengineering due to their distinctive magnetic properties, tunable interface features, and elaborately designed compositions. In recent decades, various surface engineering strategies have been developed to endow them desired properties (e.g.

Causal effects of promotion to managerial positions on mental health and satisfaction in Japanese male workers.

Purpose: We estimated the static and dynamic effects of promotion to managerial positions on mental health and satisfaction using the recent estimation method; we addressed the gap in extant research by considering the heterogeneity in treatment timing to reconfirm evidence regarding the causal effects of promotion.

Methods: We used a modified estimation method of two-way fixed effects recommended by (Callaway and Sant'Anna, J Econom 225:200-230, 2021). To check for robustness, we compared the analyses using propensity sample matching, an alternative treatment timing heterogeneity-robust analysis, and a normal two-way fixed effects event study.

Effects of 12-week power training on bone in mobility-limited older adults: randomised controlled trial.

Unlabelled: This study examines how power training affects estimated bone strength, revealing that females benefit more than males, especially in the upper limbs (radius). These findings highlight the importance of designing sex-specific exercise programs to enhance bone health. Further research is needed to optimize training duration and address site-specific differences.

Comparison of robotic and laparoscopic approaches in short- and long-term outcomes of lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for advanced rectal cancer: a Japanese multicenter study.

Background: Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND) is a challenging surgical technique with complex anatomy and narrow pelvic manipulation. The outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic surgery for LPND are still unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 169 consecutive patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery with LPND between 2016 and 2023.

Spectral CT-based nomogram for evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To establish a spectral CT-based nomogram for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 172 patients with ESCC who underwent spectral CT scans before NAC followed by resection. Based on postoperative tumor regression grades (TRG), 34% (58) of patients were responsive (TRG1) and 66% (114) were non-responsive (TRG2-3).

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and contrast-induced nephropathy risk: a meta-analysis.

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an adverse renal event that occurs following the administration of contrast media for diagnostic procedures or therapeutic angiographic intervention. Nevertheless, there is currently no efficacious and safe agents for the treatment of CIN, except for hydration. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to verify the potential nephroprotective role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in the prevention of CIN.

Prevalence of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Canines with Pyoderma and Otitis Externa in Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Bacterial skin infections, particularly pyoderma and otitis externa, are widespread in dogs, primarily caused by and species. This study evaluates the prevalence and types of bacterial pathogens in affected dogs in South Korea using a meta-analytical approach. Following the PRISMA guidelines, five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published between 1990 and 2024.

The Effect of Meloxicam on Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress Induced by in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.

() is a significant pathogen associated with clinical mastitis in cattle. Anti-inflammatory drugs are necessary to alleviate pain and inflammation during clinical mastitis. Among many drugs, meloxicam (MEL) has been widely used in clinical mastitis because of its excellent inhibitory effect on the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme.

AIHEMAF-P: An Innovative Healthcare Model for Atrial Fibrillation Patients.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias of clinical relevance and a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Following a diagnosis of AF, patients are directed towards therapy with anticoagulant drugs to reduce the thromboembolic risk and antiarrhythmics to control their cardiac rhythm, with periodic follow-up checks. Despite the great ease of handling these drugs, we soon realized the need for follow-up models that would allow the appropriateness and safety of these pharmacological treatments to be monitored over time.

Effects of Culture Systems and Nutrients on the Growth and Toxin Production of .

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) formed by toxic microalgae have seriously threatened marine ecosystems and food safety and security in recent years. Among them, has attracted the attention of scientists and society due to its acute and rapid neurotoxicity in mice. Herein, the growth and gymnodimine A (GYM-A) production of were investigated in diverse culture systems with different surface-to-volume (S/V) ratios and nitrogen/phosphorus concentrations.

A Multi-Enzyme Complex That Mitigates Hepatotoxicity, Improves Egg Production and Quality, and Enhances Gut and Liver Health in Laying Hens Exposed to Trace Aflatoxin B.

Aflatoxin B is a prevalent secondary hazardous metabolite generated by fungus present in feed ingredients and the surrounding environment: enzymes are currently being recognized as an efficient and promising approach to reducing the associated risks. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of varying doses of enzyme complexes on several parameters in laying hens that were exposed to aflatoxin. During an 8-week experiment, a total of 288 Yukou Jingfen No.

Functional Characterization and Toxicological Study of in Weaned Pigs.

(CM), a well-known parasitic fungus that grows on the larvae of , has a variety of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about its safe dosage for animals, including pigs. To explore its effect on intestinal health and evaluate its safe dosage, 30 weaned pigs were randomly allotted to five groups and fed with a basal diet supplemented with different doses of CM for 42 days.

Pretreatment Cranial Computed Tomography Perfusion Predicts Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation Changes in Acute Hemispheric Stroke Patients Having Undergone Recanalizing Therapy: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: Blood pressure (BP) management is challenging in patients with acute ischemic supratentorial stroke undergoing recanalization therapy due to the lack of established guidelines. Assessing dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) may address this need, as it is a bedside technique that evaluates the transfer function phase in the very low-frequency (VLF) range (0.02-0.

Rat Models in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Research: Strengths, Limitations, and Implications for Translational Studies.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a multifaceted psychiatric disorder triggered by traumatic events, leading to prolonged psychological distress and varied symptoms. Rat models have been extensively used to explore the biological, behavioral, and neurochemical underpinnings of PTSD. This review critically examines the strengths and limitations of commonly used rat models, such as single prolonged stress (SPS), stress-re-stress (S-R), and predator-based paradigms, in replicating human PTSD pathology.

Pressure-Induced Assembly of Organic Phase-Change Materials Hybridized with Expanded Graphite and Carbon Nanotubes for Direct Solar Thermal Harvesting and Thermoelectric Conversion.

Direct harvesting of abundant solar thermal energy within organic phase-change materials (PCMs) has emerged as a promising way to overcome the intermittency of renewable solar energy and pursue high-efficiency heating-related applications. Organic PCMs, however, generally suffer from several common shortcomings including melting-induced leakage, poor solar absorption, and low thermal conductivity. Compounding organic PCMs with single-component carbon materials faces the difficulty in achieving optimized comprehensive performance enhancement.

Surface Microstructure Enhanced Cryogenic Infrared Light Emitting Diodes for Semiconductor Broadband Upconversion.

Broadband upconversion has various applications in solar photovoltaic, infrared and terahertz detection imaging, and biomedicine. The low efficiency of the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) limits the broadband upconversion performance. In this paper, we propose to use surface microstructures to enhance the electroluminescence efficiency (ELE) of LEDs.

Impact of Gas Diffusion Layer Compression on Electrochemical Performance in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Three-Dimensional Lattice Boltzmann Pore-Scale Analysis.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are being pursued for applications in the maritime industry to meet stringent ship emissions regulations. Further basic research is needed to improve the performance of PEMFCs in marine environments. Assembly stress compresses the gas diffusion layer (GDL) beneath the ribs, significantly altering its pore structure and internal transport properties.