The significance of B-type natriuretic peptide in predicting early mortality among pulmonary embolism patients, alongside troponin: insights from a multicentric registry.

Background: Early mortality assessment in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is crucial for treatment decisions. The role of natriuretic peptides in this context is debated. This study explores elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, relative to the upper normal limit (UNL), predicting mortality in PE, comparing with troponin (Tn).

New-Onset Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in the Setting of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Is Associated with All-Cause Hospital Mortality in Women but Not in Men.

Background: Patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) may have various types of atrial fibrillation (AF). The role of AF in hemodynamic states and outcomes may differ between men and women.

Methods: In total, 1600 patients (743 males and 857 females) with acute PE were enrolled in this study.

Rise of Pregabalin Poisoning and Abuse Cases in Serbia: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze data on gabapentinoid-related attendances to the National Poison Control Center of Serbia (NPCC), particularly abuse cases; to estimate its changes and to compare it with trends in national consumption rates of these drugs. We also aimed to analyze the main characteristics of the study population and to investigate the major clinical effects in poisoned patients.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients admitted to the NPCC for acute poisoning involving gabapentinoids from 1 May 2012 to 1 October 2022.

Outcomes of wasp and bee stings in Taiwan.

Background: The families of Hymenoptera causing commonly poisonous animal stings in Taiwan include (bee) and (wasp). This study aimed to investigate the epidemiologic, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of the severity of envenomation following wasp or bee stings in Taiwan.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study by identifying all wasp and bee sting-related envenomation reported to the Taiwan National Poison Control Center between January 2001 and November 2021.

Prognostic significance of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis in patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism regarding the European Society of Cardiology mortality risk model.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can be symptomatic or asymptomatic in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The prognostic value of the symptomatic DVT at the presentation regarding the prognosis of PE is unknown.

Methods: Data were extracted from the REgional Pulmonary Embolism Registry (REPER) which enrolled 1604 hospitalized patients after multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) diagnosed symptomatic acute PE.

Pulmonary embolism bleeding score index (PEBSI): A new tool for the detection of patients with low risk for major bleeding on thrombolytic therapy.

Background: Estimation of bleeding risk is an unmet need for individualized therapy in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients with increased mortality risk.

Methods: We analyzed the association between various patients' characteristics and occurrence of major bleeding (MB) according to the modified International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis (ISTH) criteria ("overt" bleeding is the only modification from the original criteria) at 7 days from admission to the hospital and thrombolytic therapy with a tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA). Pulmonary embolism bleeding score index (PEBSI) was created using multivariate regression analyses, and finely, dichotomous index was used for the discrimination of patients with low risk for MB from those with high risk.

Acute organophosphate and carbamate pesticide poisonings - a five-year survey from the National Poison Control Center Of Serbia.

Pesticide poisonings, intentional as well as accidental, are common, especially in undeveloped and developing countries. The goal of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation of patients hospitalized due to acute organophosphate (OPP) or carbamate pesticide (CP) poisoning as well as to analyze the factors that potentially influenced the severity and outcome of the poisonings. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed.

Early diagnosis of nerve agent exposure with a mobile test kit and implications for medical countermeasures: a trigger to react.

Recent uses of nerve agents underline the need of early diagnosis as trigger to react (initiating medical countermeasures, avoiding cross-contamination). As organophosphorus (OP) pesticide poisoning exerts the same pathomechanism, that is, inhibition of the pivotal enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a portable cholinesterase (ChE) test kit was applied in an emergency room for rapid diagnosis of OP poisoning. OP nerve agents or pesticides result in the inhibition of AChE.

Alcohol Consumption among the Elderly Citizens in Hungary and Serbia-Comparative Assessment.

Studies in the alcohol consumption area are mostly related to the (ab)use of alcohol in young people. However, today, a growing number of researchers are emphasizing the clinical and public health significance of alcohol consumption in the elderly. In the WHO reports, harmful alcohol consumption is responsible for 5.

The influence of smoking habits on cadmium and lead blood levels in the Serbian adult people.

According to the World Health Organization, in 2015, the Serbian population ranked among the highest ones in Europe in terms of smoking habit: 44.3% males and 36.2% females aged 18-64 smoked tobacco.

Simvastatin Inhibits Endotoxin-Induced Apoptosis in Liver and Spleen Through Up-Regulation of Survivin/NF-κB/p65 Expression.

Endotoxemia is associated by dysregulated apoptosis of immune and non-immune cells. We investigated whether simvastatin has anti-apoptotic effects, and induces hepatocytes and lymphocytes survival signaling in endotoxin-induced liver and spleen injuries. Wistar rats were divided into the groups pretreated with simvastatin (20 or 40 mg/kg, orally) prior to a non-lethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the LPS group, and the control.

Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of Nsp2-HVII, ORF5, and ORF7 coding regions of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Myanmar.

In this study, PRRSVs that spread during the outbreaks of 2011 in Myanmar were investigated. Sequences and phylogenetic analyses of the Nsp2 middle hypervariable region (Nsp2-HVII) encoding gene, ORF5, and ORF7 showed that they belonged to the North American (NA) genotype and were clustered with HP-PRRSV strains from other Southeast Asian countries. The discontinuous 30-amino acid deletions at positions 481 and 533-561 were found in the Nsp2-HVII of all Myanmarese PRRSVs, implying their derivation from HP-PRRSV.

Differences between activities of coagulation factors after one month of therapy with different direct oral anticoagulant in pulmonary embolism patients.

What Is Known And Objective: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are frequently used for the treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE), but both clinical and laboratory data comparing their efficacy and safety are conflicting. This study investigated and compared the impact of three DOACs (apixaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran) on coagulation cascade in acute PE patients.

Methods: After the initial treatment, acute PE patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups, and treatment continued using one of the three DOACs.

Immune Evasion, a Potential Mechanism of Trichothecenes: New Insights into Negative Immune Regulations.

Days ago, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018 was awarded jointly to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation". This news has increased the attention on immunotoxicity and immune evasion mechanisms, which are once again hot research topics.

Surveillance of paediatric exposures to liquid laundry detergent pods in Italy.

Objective: To analyse paediatric exposures to pod and traditional laundry detergents in Italy and changes in exposure trends.

Methods: Analyses of a series of patients aged <5 years and exposed to laundry detergents between September 2010 and June 2015, identified by the National Poison Control in Milan.

Results: In comparison with patients exposed to traditional laundry detergents (n=1150), a higher proportion of those exposed to pods (n=1649) were managed in hospital (68% vs 42%), had clinical effects (75% vs 22%) and moderate/high severity outcomes (13% vs <1%).

Person- and People-Centered Integrated Health Care for Alcohol Dependence - Whether It Is Real in the Present Moment.

Alcohol continues to occupy a leading position in Europe as a popular substance of abuse. According to WHO sources together with cigarette smoking and obesity, alcohol is a major cause of preventable diseases. Harmful use of alcohol is one of the main factors contributing to premature deaths and disability and has a major impact on public health.

Therapeutic and reactivating efficacy of oximes K027 and K203 against a direct acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

As oxime-based structures are the only causal antidotes to organophosphate (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the majority of studies on these have been directed towards their synthesis and testing. In this study, experimental bispyridinium oximes K027 and K203, which have shown promising results in the last decade of research, were examined in vivo for their therapeutic and reactivating ability in acute poisoning by the direct AChE-inhibitor dichlorvos (DDVP), used as a dimethyl OP structural model. Additionally, the efficacy of oximes K027 and K203 was compared with the efficacy of four oximes (pralidoxime, trimedoxime, obidoxime and HI-6), already used in efficacy experiments and human medicine.

Development of a new categorization system for pesticides exposure to support harmonized reporting between EU Member States.

Objectives: European legislation requires reporting from Member States on acute poisoning incidents involving pesticides. However, standard rules for data collection and reporting have not yet been set out. The new categorization system presented in this paper is aimed at enabling Member States to gather comparable data and provide standard reporting on pesticide poisoning exposures.

Oxidative stress and renal toxicity after subacute exposure to decabrominated diphenyl ether in Wistar rats.

Fully brominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a flame retardant widely used in plastics and textiles. Because of its high persistence, humans are exposed to it continuously, mainly via dust ingestion. We investigated effects of BDE-209 on renal function and oxidative stress development in the kidney after subacute exposure in rats.

Cadmium and decabrominated diphenyl ether mixture: In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic, prooxidative and genotoxic effects.

In order to look into the combined effects of Cd and BDE-209 in vitro, this study was aimed at examining cytotoxic and genotoxic effects using the human colon carcinoma cell line (SW 480) as a biological test system as well as to determine if ROS production was one of the possible mechanisms of their mixture action. This cell line was chosen since ingestion of contaminated food/water represents an important route of exposure to both Cd and BDE-209, which is why intestinal cells are a common target for the contaminants present in food and water. Cells were treated with single Cd in concentrations of 2.

Hyponatraemia, rhabdomyolysis, alterations in blood pressure and persistent mydriasis in patients envenomed by Malayan kraits (Bungarus candidus) in southern Viet Nam.

Between 1998 and 2007, 42 patients admitted to Choray hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, and to two hospitals in adjacent regions in southern Viet Nam brought the Malayan kraits (Bungarus candidus) that had been responsible for biting them. Half of the patients had been bitten while they were asleep. Fang marks and numbness were the only local features of the bites.

Amifostine protection against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in rats.

Aminothiol amifostine (AMI) protects against toxic effects of both ionizing radiation and numerous anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of AMI against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with AMI (75 mg/kg i.

[Advances in the detection method of several forbidden rodenticides].

The progress of detection method of four forbidden rodenticides, including fluoroacetamide, sodium fluoroacetate, gliftor and tetramine is reviewed in this paper. The technique of sample preparation and gas chromatography are emphasized.