Two multidrug-resistant clones carrying extended spectrum beta-lactamases revealed in a single hospital department by whole genome sequencing.

bacteria is a component of normal intestinal microflora of humans and animals, but can also be found in hospital settings causing urinary tract infections and sepsis. The problem of treating such infections is complicated by multidrug-resistant isolates producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), and the number of ESBL-carrying strains has significantly increased recently. This study presents a detailed analysis of 12 multidrug-resistant isolates obtained from the wounds of different patients in one surgical department of a multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow, Russia, using the short- and long-read whole genome sequencing.

[New Prospects for Conservative Treatment of Chronic Recurrent Cystitis in Women: Experience with the Drug Superlymph].

Introduction: Chronic recurrent cystitis is a common and difficult problem of modern urology. Traditional use of antimicrobial drugs often cannot lead to the long-term remission.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using different dosages and routes of the drug Superlymph in rectal and vaginal suppositories 10 U and 25 U in patients with chronic recurrent cystitis.

Evaluation of blood MSI burden dynamics to trace immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy efficacy through the course of treatment.

Analysis of serial liquid biopsy (LB) samples has been found to be a promising approach for the monitoring of tumor dynamics in the course of therapy for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, somatic mutations are used for tracing the dynamics of the tumor via LB. However, the analysis of the dynamic changes in the molecular signatures such as microsatellite instability (MSI) is not currently used.

The biopuncture in dorsopathy.

The article summarizes the results of our own scientific and practical research on biopuncture (or pharmacopuncture) - local stimulation of acupuncture points with small doses of drugs or other agents. The "object" of the work was dorsopathies at the lumbosacral level, the choice of which was explained by the widest coverage of the population, the protracted course and the severity of the consequences. In the course of the research, the addition and even potentiation of the reflex and drug links of the method under consideration was noted.

Independent evaluation of the accuracy of 5 artificial intelligence software for detecting lung nodules on chest X-rays.

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medicine is growing, with some experts predicting its standalone use soon. However, skepticism remains due to limited positive outcomes from independent validations. This research evaluates AI software's effectiveness in analyzing chest X-rays (CXR) to identify lung nodules, a possible lung cancer indicator.

Prediction of the Aggressive Clinical Course of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Based on Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy Molecular Testing.

Molecular genetic events are among the numerous factors affecting the clinical course of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Recent studies have demonstrated that aberrant expression of miRNA, as well as different thyroid-related genes, correlate with the aggressive clinical course of PTC and unfavorable treatment outcomes, which opens up new avenues for using them in the personalization of the treatment strategy for patients with PTC. In the present work, our goal was to assess the applicability of molecular markers in the preoperative diagnosis of aggressive variants of papillary thyroid cancer.

[Implementation of fluorescent imaging technology in endovideosurgical treatment of colorectal endometriosis].

The article includes a clinical case of a patient with deep infiltrating endometriosis with rectum involving and using intraoperative controlled fluorescence in order to increase the radicality of surgery and improve the prognosis of the disease. Surgical excision of the endometrioitic nodules is the only effective way of treating patients with colorectal endometriosis in terms of relieving pain, improving quality of life and restoring reproductive function. The possible types of surgical interventions can be performed: endometrioid lesion shaving, discoid or circular intestinal resection with anastomosis.

Successful Implementation of Combined Treatment Methods for a Rare Recurrence of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia With Extramedullary Lesions.

A 67-year-old woman was admitted to the Hematology Department in 2014 with complaints of weakness and a low-grade fever. After conducting various tests, it was confirmed that she had Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. She underwent several rounds of chemotherapy and maintenance therapy with rituximab, which resulted in a good clinical response.

Evidence blocks for effective presentation of genomic findings at molecular tumor boards: Single institution experience.

Genomic profiling, or molecular profiling of the tumor, is becoming a key component of therapeutic decision making in clinical oncology, and is typically carried out via next generation sequencing. However, the interpretation of the results and evaluation of rationale for targeting the uncovered alterations is challenging and requires a deep understanding of cancer biology, genetics, genomics and oncology. Multidisciplinary molecular tumor boards represent a promising strategy in the facilitation of molecularly-informed therapeutic decisions, and usually consist of specialists with various fields of expertise.

Prognostic and predictive role of immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a molecularly heterogeneous disease and one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The traditional classification of CRC is based on pathomorphological and molecular characteristics of tumor cells (mucinous, ring-cell carcinomas, ), analysis of mechanisms of carcinogenesis involved (chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, CpG island methylator phenotype) and mutational statuses of commonly altered genes (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, APC, ), as well as expression signatures (CMS 1-4). It is also suggested that the tumor microenvironment is a key player in tumor progression and metastasis in CRC.

[Development of sarcoidosis after successful treatment of Cushing's disease].

Cushing's disease is a rare severe neuroendocrine disorder caused by chronic overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone by a pituitary tumor. Supraphysiological concentrations of cortisol in endogenous hypercortisolism have an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effect similar to therapy with systemic glucocorticosteroids. This may reduce the activity of the patient's concomitant autoimmune inflammatory diseases.

Case Report: Progressive disease of BRCA2-mutant colon adenocarcinoma following talazoparib therapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently one of the most common tumor types diagnosed worldwide. In the early stages, the disease responds well to surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment, but in the later stages when therapeutic options are exhausted, comprehensive genomic profiling can guide further treatment decisions. We present the case of a 46-year-old man of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry who was diagnosed with KRAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer.

Precision oncology strategy in cetuximab-resistant ERRFI1-mutant colon cancer: case report of disease progression on afatinib.

Despite the existence of effective first and second line therapy options for patients with colorectal cancer, heavily treated patients have limited additional therapies. Genomic profiling is a promising tool for guiding subsequent treatment selection. Here, we describe the results of treating a colorectal cancer patient with molecularly-matched therapy based on the results of genomic profiling.

Disruptions in modular structure and network integration of language-related network predict language performance in temporal lobe epilepsy: Evidence from graph-based analysis.

Objective: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a network disorder that alters the total organization of the language-related network. Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) aimed at functional connectivity is a direct method to investigate how the network is reorganized. However, such studies are scarce and represented mostly by the resting-state analysis of the individual connections between regions.

Experimental study on stabilometric complex for terrainkur in overweight people.

Overweight and obesity is a multifactorial, multisystem disease declared a global epidemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) as early as in 1997. At least 30% of the working-age population in Russia is overweight. Only the use of physical activity as an integral (basic) part of obesity treatment and maintenance of the body weight achieved in the course of treatment can achieve durable and long-lasting treatment results as well as significant changes in the body structure (fat/non-fat body weight ratio).

Mass Spectrometry as a Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Tool for the Search for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Biomarkers: A Systematic Review.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of epilepsy in adults. Tissue reorganization at the site of the epileptogenic focus is accompanied by changes in the expression patterns of protein molecules. The study of mRNA and its corresponding proteins is crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease.

An International Non-Inferiority Study for the Benchmarking of AI for Routine Radiology Cases: Chest X-ray, Fluorography and Mammography.

An international reader study was conducted to gauge an average diagnostic accuracy of radiologists interpreting chest X-ray images, including those from fluorography and mammography, and establish requirements for stand-alone radiological artificial intelligence (AI) models. The retrospective studies in the datasets were labelled as containing or not containing target pathological findings based on a consensus of two experienced radiologists, and the results of a laboratory test and follow-up examination, where applicable. A total of 204 radiologists from 11 countries with various experience performed an assessment of the dataset with a 5-point Likert scale via a web platform.

Microsatellite Instability: A Review of Molecular Epidemiology and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is one of the most important molecular characteristics of a tumor, which occurs among various tumor types. In this review article, we examine the molecular characteristics of MSI tumors, both sporadic and Lynch-associated. We also overview the risks of developing hereditary forms of cancer and potential mechanisms of tumor development in patients with Lynch syndrome.

Analysis of Publication Activity and Research Trends in the Field of AI Medical Applications: Network Approach.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized numerous industries, including medicine. In recent years, the integration of AI into medical practices has shown great promise in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosing diseases, predicting patient outcomes, and personalizing treatment plans. This paper aims at the exploration of the AI-based medicine research using network approach and analysis of existing trends based on PubMed.

Diversity of Structural, Dynamic, and Environmental Effects Explain a Distinctive Functional Role of Transmembrane Domains in the Insulin Receptor Subfamily.

Human InsR, IGF1R, and IRR receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) of the insulin receptor subfamily play an important role in signaling pathways for a wide range of physiological processes and are directly associated with many pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. The disulfide-linked dimeric structure of these receptors is unique among RTKs. Sharing high sequence and structure homology, the receptors differ dramatically in their localization, expression, and functions.

Long-Read Whole Genome Sequencing Elucidates the Mechanisms of Amikacin Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant Isolates Obtained from COVID-19 Patients.

is a Gram-negative, encapsulated, non-motile bacterium, which represents a global challenge to public health as one of the major causes of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. In the recent decade, the World Health Organization (WHO) noticed a critically increasing rate of carbapenem-resistant occurrence in hospitals. The situation with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria further worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to an increasing number of patients in intensive care units (ICU) and extensive, while often inappropriate, use of antibiotics including carbapenems.