Critical Care Management of Acute Venous Thromboembolism: Integrating Pharmacotherapy, Thrombectomy, and Temporary Mechanical Support.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, carries significant morbidity and mortality risks, and is conventionally managed with anticoagulation. In recent years, notable progress has been made in the therapeutic options available for the acute treatment of VTE. The heterogeneity within pulmonary embolism, spanning a wide spectrum of risks, underscores the critical need for precise risk stratification, particularly in identifying individuals prone to right heart failure and increased mortality.

Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency caused by a deep intronic deletion leading to aberrant splicing.

Trifunctional protein deficiency (TFP) is a disorder of fatty acid beta-oxidation associated with metabolic, cardiac, and liver dysfunction in severe forms. We present two siblings diagnosed by newborn screening and confirmed by biochemical testing at birth. Their clinical course was complicated by recurrent rhabdomyolysis, retinopathy, and hypoparathyroidism.

Innovative utilization of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles in precision cancer therapy.

Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMNPs) have recently emerged as a promising platform for cancer therapy. By encapsulating therapeutic agents within a cell membrane-derived coating, these nanoparticles combine the advantages of synthetic nanoparticles and natural cell membranes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in utilizing CMNPs as effective drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapy.

Multilevel Mediators on the Associations of Neighborhood Social Environmental Factors and Severity of Metabolic Syndrome: The Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Neighborhood characteristics serve as risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the intermediary factors linking this relationship remain understudied. Thus, we investigated the sex-specific mediating role of C-reactive protein, physical activity (PA), and perceived stress in the associations of perceived neighborhood social environment (PNSE) with MetS severity among Black adults.

Associations of plasma extracellular microRNAs with new-onset breast cancer in the Framingham heart study.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be associated with breast cancer progression or metastasis. The purpose of the current study was to identify plasma extracellular miRNAs associated with incident breast cancer.

Combination of polymeric micelle formulation of TGFβ receptor inhibitors and paclitaxel produces consistent response across different mouse models of Triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notoriously difficult to treat due to the lack of targetable receptors and sometimes poor response to chemotherapy. The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) family of proteins and their receptors (TGFRs) are highly expressed in TNBC and implicated in chemotherapy-induced cancer stemness. Here, we evaluated combination treatments using experimental TGFR inhibitors (TGFβi), SB525334 (SB), and LY2109761 (LY) with paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy.

Two-Stage Recruitment Design to Reduce Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening Cost for a Theoretical Clinical Trial of White Matter Hyperintensity Progression.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) and their progression are associated with risk of dementia and stroke, so are an important target for clinical trials. The cost of broad magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening to identify eligible individuals, however, limits the feasibility of designing clinical trials targeting WMH. A low-cost retinal or clinical screening measure before MRI could reduce recruitment costs versus an MRI-only screening design in a hypothetical clinical trial.

Light-activatable minimally invasive ethyl cellulose ethanol ablation: Biodistribution and potential applications.

While surgical resection is a mainstay of cancer treatment, many tumors are unresectable due to stage, location, or comorbidities. Ablative therapies, which cause local destruction of tumors, are effective alternatives to surgical excision in several settings. Ethanol ablation is one such ablative treatment modality in which ethanol is directly injected into tumor nodules.

at Scientific Sessions 2023: Moving Toward Social Justice in Cardiovascular Health in the United States.

Attention to social justice is essential to improving cardiovascular health outcomes. In the absence of social justice, equitable cardiovascular health is impossible. This viewpoint provides a brief synopsis of the 2023 -sponsored session titled "Moving Towards Social Justice in Cardiovascular Health.

HBV RNA as a Biomarker for Safe Antiviral Discontinuation: A Prospective Study of Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Withdrawal.

Introduction: Withdrawal of nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy is associated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and sustained, off-therapy partial cure (normal ALT [≤30 U/L males, ≤20 U/L females) with HBV DNA <2000 IU/mL) but should be offered only to those most likely to benefit. HBVRNA may be useful for risk stratification.

Methods: The Hepatitis B Research Network Immune-Active Trial prospectively evaluated treatment with tenofovir (TDF) for 192 weeks ± peginterferon-α (PegIFN) for initial 24 weeks followed by protocolized withdrawal of TDF amongst eligible participants (NCT01369212).

Attenuation of aggressive tumor progression of anaplastic thyroid cancer by p53.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the most aggressive thyroid cancer, with very limited treatment options. Mutations of p53 are associated with lethal outcomes of ATC. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that wild type p53 (WTp53) mitigates its aggressive progression.

Paragangliomas and syringomyelia in Tetralogy of Fallot-A case report and literature review.

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, paragangliomas, and syringomyelia are uncommon diseases. Furthermore, in the absence of any genetic link and with less than five reported adult patients surviving unrepaired rare form of Tetralogy of Fallot, our case shows noteworthiness. The possibility of definitive treatment of these conditions is rendered unsafe due to this persistent defect.

Capture of RNA G-quadruplex structures using an l-RNA aptamer.

G-quadruplexes (dG4 and rG4) are nucleic acid secondary structures formed by the self-assembly of certain G-rich sequences, and they have distinctive chemical properties and play crucial roles in fundamental biological processes. Small molecule G4 ligands were shown to be crucial in characterizing G4s and understanding their functions. Nevertheless, concerns regarding the specificity of these synthetic ligands for further investigation of G4s, especially for rG4 isolation purposes, have been raised.

Glypican-3 deficiency in liver cancer upregulates MAPK/ERK pathway but decreases cell proliferation.

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatoblastomas and represents an important therapeutic target but the biologic importance of GPC3 in liver cancer is unclear. To date, there are limited data characterizing the biological implications of GPC3 knockout (KO) in liver cancers that intrinsically express this target. Here, we report on the development and characterization of GPC3-KO liver cancer cell lines and compare to them to parental lines.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer cell-secreted TGFβ1 plays a key role in inducing macrophage polarization of human monocytes.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a clinically aggressive form of undifferentiated thyroid cancer with limited treatment options. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute over 50% of ATC-infiltrating cells, and their presence is associated with a poor prognosis. We have previously shown that paracrine signals released by ATC cells induced pro-tumor M2-like polarization of human monocytes.

Recipe for Heart Health: A Randomized Crossover Trial on Cardiometabolic Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Within a Whole-Food Plant-Based Vegan Diet.

Background: Whole-food, plant-based vegan diets, low in oils, and Mediterranean diets, rich in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. Optimal quantity of dietary fat, particularly EVOO, is unclear.

Methods And Results: In a randomized crossover trial with weekly cooking classes, adults with ≥5% cardiovascular disease risk followed a high (4 tablespoons/day) to low (<1 teaspoon/day) or low to high EVOO whole-food, plant-based diet for 4 weeks each, separated by a 1-week washout.

Developing a comprehensive molecular subgrouping model for cervical cancer using machine learning.

This study developed a molecular classification model for cervical cancer using machine learning, integrating prognosis related biomarkers with clinical features. Analyzing 281 specimens, 27 biomarkers were identified, associated with recurrence and treatment response. The model identified four molecular subgroups: group 1 (OALO) with Overexpression of ATP5H and LOw risk; group 2 (LASIM) with low expression of ATP5H and SCP, indicating InterMediate risk; group 3 (LASNIM) characterized by Low expression of ATP5H, SCP, and NANOG, also at InterMediate risk; and group 4 (LASONH), with Low expression of ATP5H, and SCP, Over expression of NANOG, indicating High risk, and potentially aggressive disease.