Acne vulgaris: advances in pathogenesis and prevention strategies.

Purpose: The aim is to encourage the creation of innovative prevention and treatment measures and to help readers in selecting the most effective ones.

Background: Acne vulgaris is the most prevalent skin condition of adolescents, affecting approximately 9% of the global population. Patients become more prone to mental and psychological problems because of it.

Replacement of fishmeal with Quinoa Husk (Chenopodium quinoa) for mitigating multiple stresses in Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus.

The fishmeal is boon for aquaculture production in this recent pollution and climate change era. However, the demand of fishmeal is enhancing in many folds which needs to find alternative to fishmeal in cheap price. The present investigation addresses these issues with quinoa husk (QH).

Stress Release of Zincophilic N-Doped Carbon@Sn Composite on High-Curvature Surface of Zinc Foam for Dendrite-Free 3D Zinc Anode.

Commercial 3D zinc foam anodes with high deposition space and ion permeation have shown great potential in aqueous ion batteries. However, the local accumulated stress from its high-curvature surface exacerbates the Zn dendrite issue, leading to poor reversibility. Herein, we have employed zincophilic N-doped carbon@Sn composites (N-C@Sn) as nano-fillings to effectively release the local stress of high curvature surface of 3D Zn foams toward dendrite-free anode in aqueous zinc ion battery (AZIB).

Prediction of Potential Risk for Ten Azole and Benzimidazole Fungicides with the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonistic Activity to Aquatic Ecosystems.

Azole and benzimidazole fungicides are widely used agrochemicals to prevent and treat fungal growth and are frequently detected in aquatic environments. Here, we aimed to assess the aquatic ecological risks of ten currently used azole and benzimidazole fungicides, which with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonistic activity, and their transformation products (TPs). We obtained over 400 types of aerobic TPs for ten fungicides.

Acceptability of a dapivirine levonorgestrel vaginal ring in two Phase 1 trials (MTN-030/IPM 041 and MTN-044/IPM 053/CCN019): Implications for multipurpose prevention technology development.

End-user feedback early in product development is important for optimizing multipurpose prevention technologies for HIV and pregnancy prevention. We evaluated the acceptability of the 90-day dapivirine levonorgestrel ring (DPV-LNG ring) used for 14 days compared to a dapivirine-only ring (DVR-200mg) in MTN-030/IPM 041 (n = 23), and when used for 90 days cyclically or continuously in MTN-044/IPM 053/CCN019 (n = 25). We enrolled healthy, non-pregnant, HIV-negative women aged 18-45 in Pittsburgh, PA and Birmingham, AL (MTN-030 only).

Cross-sectional evaluation of medical reversals among National Institute of Health guideline practices implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic: how often did experts err in a time of crisis?

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic required the rapid and often widespread implementation of medical practices without robust data. Many of these practices have since been tested in large, randomised trials and were found to be in error. We sought to identify incorrect recommendations, or reversals, among National Institute of Health COVID-19 guidelines and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals and authorisations.

Spermine driven water deficit tolerance in early growth phases of sweet corn genotypes under hydroponic cultivation.

Sweet corn is highly susceptible to water deprivation, making it crucial to identify effective strategies for enhancing its tolerance to water deficit conditions. This study investigates the novel application of Spermine as a bio-stimulant to improve sweet corn (Zea mays L. var.

[Establishment of a standard DSS library for identification of original plants of medicinal materials in Chinese Pharmacopoeia].

With the development of molecular pharmacognosy, the advantages of DNA molecular markers in the identification of original plants of Chinese medicinal materials are becoming increasingly significant. To compensate for the limitations of existing markers in the quality supervision of Chinese medicinal materials, our team has independently designed a new molecular marker named DNA signature sequence(DSS). This marker is a nucleotide sequence that only appears in a specific taxonomic unit, with a length of 40 bp and high identification accuracy.

Isolation and identification of two novel PDE-5 inhibitors illegally added to pressed candies.

Two novel phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors were detected in pressed candy using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-diode array detection. Following extraction with acetonitrile and sonication, the compounds were isolated and purified semi-preparative liquid chromatography. Structural characterisation was achieved through high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Apple Bitter Rot: Biology, Ecology, Omics, Virulence Factors, and Management of Causal Colletotrichum Species.

Unlabelled: Apple bitter rot is caused by various Colletotrichum spp. that threaten apple production globally resulting in millions of dollars in damage annually. The fungus causes a decline in fruit quality and yield, eventually rotting the fruit and rendering it inedible.

An intelligent thymol/alizarin-loaded polycaprolactone/gelatin/zein nanofibrous film with pH-responsive and antibacterial properties for shrimp freshness monitoring and preservation.

Improper storage methods cause food resources to be wasted, and the development of multifunctional intelligent packaging can realize freshness monitoring and extend the shelf life. In this study, an intelligent alizarin/thymol-loaded polycaprolactone/gelatin/zein nanofibrous film was prepared and achieved the dual functions of pH-responsive and antibacterial properties. The film was fabricated using electrospun technology and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, WCA, TGA, DSC, and mechanical property tests, which had good antioxidant properties (81.

Dietary purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) leaf powder maintains growth and intestinal health in Oreochromis niloticus under chronic water-borne cadmium exposure by strengthening the gut barriers, modulating the intestinal nutrient transporters, and relieving oxidative stress.

High cadmium (Cd) concentrations pose a threat to aquatic life globally. This study examined the efficiency of adding purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) leaf powder (PLP) to Oreochromis niloticus diets on Cd's negative effects.

A Personalized Approach to Vitamin D Supplementation in Cardiovascular Health Beyond the Bone: An Expert Consensus by the Italian National Institute for Cardiovascular Research.

Vitamin D is increasingly recognized for its role in cardiovascular health beyond its well-established effects on bone metabolism. This review synthesizes findings from observational studies, interventional trials, and meta-analyses to clarify the mechanisms through which vitamin D impacts cardiovascular health, including its influence on vascular function, inflammation, and metabolic pathways. Additionally, this review emphasizes the importance of a personalized approach to vitamin D supplementation, integrating individual cardiovascular risk profiles, baseline vitamin D levels, and comorbid conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes.

L. Oligo-Polysaccharides (CIO) Exerts Antianxiety and Antidepressant Effects on Mice Experiencing Behavioral Despair and Chronic Unpredicted Mild Stress.

L. oligo-polysaccharides (CIOs), obtained from L., is a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.

The Anti-Obesity Effect of Fish Oil in Diet-Induced Obese Mice Occurs via Both Decreased Food Intake and the Induction of Heat Production Genes in Brown but Not White Adipose Tissue.

Omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish oil have been shown to prevent diet-induced obesity in lean mice and to promote heat production in adipose tissue. However, the effects of fish oil on obese animals remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of fish oil in obese mice.

Mustard Meal Extract as an Alternative to Zinc Oxide for Protecting the Intestinal Barrier Against -Lipopolysaccharide Damage.

The present study aimed to investigate the ability of an aqueous extract derived from mustard seed meal to counteract the effects of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the intestinal epithelium. Caco-2 cells were cultured together with HT29-MTX and used as a cellular model to analyze critical intestinal parameters, such as renewal, integrity, innate immunity, and signaling pathway. Byproducts of mustard seed oil extraction are rich in soluble polysaccharides, proteins, allyl isothiocyanates, and phenolic acids, which are known as powerful antioxidants with antimicrobial and antifungal properties.

Gut microbes modulate the effects of the flavonoid quercetin on atherosclerosis.

Gut bacterial metabolism of dietary flavonoids results in the production of a variety of phenolic acids, whose contributions to health remain poorly understood. Here, we show that supplementation with the commonly consumed flavonoid quercetin impacted gut microbiome composition and resulted in a significant reduction in atherosclerosis burden in conventionally raised (ConvR) Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice but not in germ-free (GF) ApoE KO mice. Metabolomic analysis revealed that consumption of quercetin significantly increased plasma levels of benzoylglutamic acid, 3,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA) and its sulfate-conjugated form in ConvR mice, but not in GF mice supplemented with the flavonoid.

A Susceptible Cell-Selective Delivery (SCSD) of mRNA-Encoded Cas13d Against Influenza Infection.

To bolster the capacity for managing potential infectious diseases in the future, it is critical to develop specific antiviral drugs that can be rapidly designed and delivered precisely. Herein, a CRISPR/Cas13d system for broad-spectrum targeting of influenza A virus (IAV) from human, avian, and swine sources is designed, incorporating Cas13d mRNA and a tandem CRISPR RNA (crRNA) specific for the highly conserved regions of viral polymerase acidic (PA), nucleoprotein (NP), and matrix (M) gene segments, respectively. Given that the virus targets cells with specific receptors but is not limited to a single organ, a Susceptible Cell Selective Delivery (SCSD) system is developed by modifying a lipid nanoparticle with a peptide mimicking the function of the hemagglutinin of influenza virus to target sialic acid receptors.

Zebrafish as a Visible Neuroinflammation Model for Evaluating the Anti-Inflammation Effect of Curcumin-Loaded Ferritin Nanoparticles.

It is crucial to inhibit the neuroinflammation response as it is a prominent factor contributing to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the limited development of neuroinflammation models dramatically hinders the efficiency of nanomedicine discovery. In recent years, the optically transparent zebrafish model provided unique advantages for imaging of the whole body, allowing the progression of the disease to be visualized.

Putative effects of moringa oil or its nano-emulsion on the growth, physiological responses, blood health, semen quality, and the sperm antioxidant-related genes in ram.

Phytochemicals have been effectively used to enhance the growth and productivity of farm animals, while the potential roles of essential oils and their nano-emulsions are limited. This plan was proposed to investigate the impacts of orally administered moringa oil (MO) or its nano-emulsion (NMO) on the growth, physiological response, blood health, semen attributes, and sperm antioxidant-related genes in rams. A total of 15 growing Rahmani rams were enrolled in this study and allotted into three groups.

Growth performance, antioxidant, and immune responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed on low-fishmeal diets enriched with sodium chloride and its adaptability to different salinity levels.

The current investigation assessed the beneficial impacts of dietary sodium chloride (NaCl) on the growth performance, oxidant/antioxidant, and immune responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its adaptability to different salinity levels. After acclimating the fish to the laboratory conditions for 2 weeks, the acclimated fish (10.5 ± 0.

Effectiveness and safety of talimogene laherparepvec and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for metastatic melanoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Melanoma is an aggressive tumor that is challenging to treat. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), the first oncolytic virus treatment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat unresectable melanoma, was recently used in recurrent tumors after initial surgery. Our network meta-analysis aimed to compare T-VEC treatment of metastatic melanoma with treatment of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and control group.