164 results match your criteria: "National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science[Affiliation]"
Arthropod Struct Dev
April 2000
Laboratory of Chemical Prospecting, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science (NISES), 1-2 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0053 Japan.
The pheromone-detecting sensilla placodea are significantly more numerous than other sensory structures in the antennae of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Their abundance in males is nearly twice of that in females, showing a clear sexual dimorphism. Externally, they have a tortoise shell-like round cuticular plate containing a few polygonal plates separated by narrow ridges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnnu Rev Entomol
April 2004
Laboratory of Chemical Prospecting, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Ohwashi, Tsukuba 305 Japan.
Sex pheromones have been characterized only for species in the subfamilies Rutelinae and Melolonthinae; aggregation pheromones have been identified for two species in the Dynastinae. Melolonthines utilize mainly amino acid derivatives and terpenoid compounds, but sex pheromones of rutelines are fatty acid derivatives. Various other species utilize japonilure-type lactones that are produced by desaturation of fatty acids, followed by hydroxylation, chain shortening, and cyclization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
October 1997
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Larval and adult Psacothea hilaris feed on mulberry wood and leaves, respectively. High levels of endogenous activity against the major dietary carbohydrates, cellulose, hemicellulose, starch and soluble sugars were secreted in the gut of larvae and adults. Activity against pectin was also high and multiple polygalacturonase (EC 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
October 1997
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Ammonia can easily be assimilated into amino acids and used for silk-protein synthesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. To determine the metabolic pathway of ammonia assimilation, silkworm larvae were injected with methionine sulfoximine (MS), a specific inhibitor of glutamine synthetase (GS). Activity of GS in the fat body 2h after treatment with 400&mgr;g MS decreased to less than 10% of the control activity, whereas MS had no effect on the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), another enzyme which could possibly be responsible for ammonia assimilation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
November 1998
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
We investigated the control of diapause termination and seasonal changes of cold hardiness and polyol content in Aulacophora nigripennis. Adults were ready to start post-diapause development upon transfer to high temperature by late February irrespective of photoperiod. Photoperiod probably functions to maintain diapause before winter because adults resume reproductive development at a long photoperiod in autumn.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
November 1998
Department of Insect Physiology and Behavior, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Dinocampus (=Perilitus) coccinellae (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) teratocytes synthesize a teratocyte-specific polypeptide (TSP) with a high molecular weight of 540kDa. The TSP has a tendency to accumulate in the teratocyte cells without release after synthesis ([Okuda and Kadono-Okuda, 1995]), which was confirmed in this study. Pulse-chase fluorography indicated that teratocytes at a younger stage (6 days after parasitization)secreted negligible TSP into the medium after synthesis, while teratocytes at an older stage (11 days after parasitization)secreted the synthesized products into the medium, although the amount released was still low.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
January 1999
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Urea concentration and urease activity in the midgut content were compared between larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori fed an artificial diet and those fed fresh mulberry leaves. A considerable amount of urea was found in the midgut content of the both larvae, however it was significantly lower in the larvae fed fresh mulberry leaves than in the larvae fed the artificial diet; average urea concentrations in the midgut content of the larvae fed fresh mulberry leaves and the artificial diet were 2.9 and 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
February 1999
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
The thermal response of Aulacophora nigripennis adults in relation to myo-inositol metabolism changed seasonally. Myo-inositol accumulation was stimulated at 15 and 5 degrees C in October (autumn), but only 5 degrees C was effective for the accumulation in December (early winter). In February (mid winter), myo-inositol degradation was prominent at both temperatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
December 1999
Department of Insect Physiology and Behavior, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Japan
1-(4-Phenoxyphenoxypropyl)imidazole (KS-175), which has two types of characteristic moieties of insect growth regulators (IGRs), the phenoxyphenoxyalkyl group of juvenile hormone analogs (JHAs) and imidazole of 1,5-disubstituted imidazole such as KK-42, was tested for its biological activity on the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Penultimate (4th) instar larvae topically treated with KS-175 did not molt for more than 20 days. This activity was different from that reported for any IGRs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe previously reported that lipophorin, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE) are essential for the development of the larval endoparasitoid Venturia canescens larvae in vitro. The present study was undertaken to determine the optimal concentrations of those three substances in the MGM-450 medium, and to examine the hormonal effects of ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone (JH) on the development of the parasitoid larvae in vitro. When the culture was started with embryos at the post-germband stage, concentrations of 3 mg/ml of lipophorin and 20% of FBS were most suitable for the development of the parasitoid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Insect Physiol
February 1998
Department of Insect Physiology and Behavior, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Physiological and morphological comparisons were made between the short-winged (SW) and long-winged (LW) morphs of a cricket, Modicogryllus confirmatus, to determine the cost of the flight capacity and the physiological mechanisms underlying trade-offs between different life history traits related to migration and reproduction. Both wingmorphs grew at a similar rate and no consistent correlation was found between nymphal development and adult body size. The metathoracic muscles at adult emergence represented 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Invertebr Pathol
January 2002
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan.
Oecologia
February 2002
Department of Biology, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton, SO16 7PX, UK.
The chemical signatures on the cuticles of five common Myrmica ant species were analysed (49 colonies of M. rubra, M. ruginodis, M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Ecol
November 2001
Laboratory of Chemical Prospecting, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
We have identified and cloned a pheromone-binding protein (EoriPBP) from the Japanese and American populations of the Oriental beetle, Exomala orientalis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The protein showed more than 90% amino acid identity to the previously identified pheromone-binding proteins from Popilliajaponica (PjapPBP) and Anomala osakana (AosaPBP), as well as to one of the odorant-binding proteins from Phyllopertha diversa (PdivOBP1). EoriPBP has 116 amino acids, with a calculated molecular mass of 12,981 Da.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim
October 2001
Department of Insect Genetics and Breeding, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
Cultured cell lines that can be stably transformed with inducible gene constructs could prove extremely valuable for the continuous and economical production of recombinant proteins. Toward this goal, we have established 11 clones (designated NISES-BoMo-DK1 to 11) from a previously reported silkworm cell line, NISES-BoMo-DZ. Nine of these clonal lines showed a distinct morphological change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Appl Acarol
March 2002
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsmkuha, Ibaraki, Japan.
Two types are known in the Kanzawa spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai (K and T; see Gotoh et al., 1999), which differ in host range and have a unidirectional incompatibility. Prior to DNA analyzes, crossing between females of a known K type and males of each of 17 strains collected in Japan showed that six of the strains were of the K type, live were the T type and the rest consisted of a mixture of the two types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect Mol Biol
August 2001
Laboratory of Biological Defense, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan.
Two structurally related antibacterial proteins were isolated from larvae of a beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, immunized with Escherichia coli. The two proteins were designated A. dichotoma (A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Ecol
July 2001
Department of Insect Physiology and Behavior, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
A predatory stink bug, Eocanthecona furcellata, died after feeding on Milionia basalis larvae. The compounds toxic to E. furcellata were isolated from the hemolymph of M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect Mol Biol
April 2001
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan.
A cDNA fragment of haemolymph juvenile hormone binding protein (hJHBP) from larvae of Bombyx mori was amplified by RT-PCR using degenerate primers based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of purified hJHBP and a conserved region near the C-terminus of other lepidopteran hJHBPs. 5'- and 3'-ends were amplified by RACE to yield cDNAs, hJHBP1 and hJHBP2, encoding 225 amino acids with three substitutions. hJHBP-mRNA levels in the fat body were constant in the 4th instar, but decreased in the 5th.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect Biochem Mol Biol
April 2001
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634, Japan.
Wolbachia, a bacterial endosymbiote of arthropods, causes cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in many insect species. CI traits were studied in two planthopper species, Laodelphax striatellus and Sogatella furcifera, and Wolbachia densities in these planthopper species were calculated by quantitative PCR methods. The CI level of L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Genes Evol
May 1999
Department of Insect Genetics and Breeding, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Oowashi, Tsukuba 305-8634, Japan.
AcDNA for a vasa-like gene (BmVLG) was isolated from Bombyx mori. As with vasa in Drosophila, the expression is restricted to the germline in the larval (and pupal and adult?) stage, and the maternal transcript exists. However, the maternal transcript shows localized (germ anlage) distribution patterns, and after degradation of the transcript during germband formation the transcript within cells clustering in the midst of the germ anlage, which eventually give rise to germ cells, remains and continues to be expressed during subsequent embryogenesis; this contrasts to the case of vasa in Drosophila.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCricket paralysis-like viruses have a dicistronic positive-strand RNA genome. These viruses produce capsid proteins through internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation. The IRES element of one of these viruses, Plautia stall intestine virus (PSIV), forms a pseudoknot immediately upstream from the capsid coding sequence, and initiates translation from other than methionine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Comp Physiol A
November 2000
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Sawa-J, CSJ02 and N601 x C601 are selected mutant strains of Bombyx mori, which grow on various artificial diets or temporarily ingest various plant leaves. To examine the mechanisms mediating diet breadth of caterpillars, gustatory spike responses of the silkworms, called 'polyphagous" strains, were compared with normal strains, N137 x C146 and C02. There were notable differences in their feeding habits and in their sensitivity to salicin in deterrent cells in the maxillary medial styloconic sensilla and the epipharyngeal sensilla.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Virol
February 2001
National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, Tsukuba, 305-8634 Ibaraki, Japan1.
Non-occluded viruses (NOVs) of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) are poorly infectious to silkworm larvae when administered by peroral inoculation, although they are highly infectious when injected into the insect haemocoel. In the present study, it is demonstrated that NOVs of BmNPV became highly infectious even through peroral inoculation when administered with spindles (proteinaceous structures) of Anomala cuprea entomopoxvirus (AcEPV). Marked enhancement of peroral infectivity of NOVs by AcEPV spindles (nearly 1000-fold higher in the strongest case) was observed in all growth stages of silkworm larvae tested (2nd to 5th instar).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Senses
January 2001
Laboratory of Chemical Prospecting, National Institute of Sericultural and Entomological Science, 1-2 Ohwashi, Tsukuba 305-8634, Japan and. Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
The sex pheromone of the scarab beetle, Phyllopertha diversa, is emitted by females and specifically detected by olfactory receptor neurons in the male and female antennae. Single sensillum recordings showed that, in contrast to the less sensitive pheromone sensilla in females, olfactory receptor neurons in the male antennae had a low threshold (1 ng), which rivals those of moths. The male and female antennae also possessed olfactory receptor neurons specific for the detection of floral and green leaf volatile compounds.
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