Gut Microbiota: Association with Fiber Intake, Ultra-Processed Food Consumption, Sex, Body Mass Index, and Socioeconomic Status in Medical Students.

Unlabelled: The gut microbiota plays a vital role in various physical and physiological processes, including immune system regulation, neurotransmitter production, inflammatory response modulation, and the inhibition of pathogenic organisms. An imbalance in the microbial community, known as dysbiosis, has been associated with numerous health issues. Biological influences, health behaviors, socioeconomic determinants, and nutritional status can disrupt this balance.

Modulation of Brain Kynurenic Acid by N-Acetylcysteine Prevents Cognitive Impairment and Muscular Weakness Induced by Cisplatin in Female Rats.

Cisplatin (CIS) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent primarily used to treat hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, including lymphomas, sarcomas, and some carcinomas. Patients receiving this treatment for tumors outside the nervous system develop cognitive impairment. Alterations in the kynurenine pathway (KP) following CIS treatment suggest that certain KP metabolites may cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to increased production of the neuromodulator kynurenic acid (KYNA), which is associated with cognitive impairment.

Treatments for RYR1-related disorders.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objective To analyse the benefits and harms of pharmacological or other interventions (e.g.

Phase Angle (PhA) Is an Easy and Complementary Tool for Assessing Nutritional Status in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Accumulating evidence has proposed phase angle (PhA) as a marker for assessing cellular integrity and nutritional status in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients; the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of PhA in assessing nutritional status in patients with UC, investigating its potential as a biomarker of disease activity.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with UC and healthy controls. We determined PhA by electrical bioimpedance and categorized participants through bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Upper limb salvage with massive intercalary allograft for humeral chondrosarcoma.

Introduction: chondrosarcoma is a high-grade malignant tumor composed of mesenchymal cells with cartilage differentiation. It most frequently appears in the bones of the pelvis, the femur, and the humerus. The main management method is oncological resection with wide margins and function-preserving reconstruction.

Gram-Negative Bacilli Blood Stream Infection in Patients with Severe Burns: Microbiological and Clinical Evidence from a 9-Year Cohort.

Bloodstream infection is one of the most important and increasing complications in patients with severe burns. Most of the species affecting this population are Gram-negative bacilli that exhibit antimicrobial resistance. We conducted this study to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and resistance mechanisms of these bacterial infections and their clinical associations on morbidity and mortality.

Kynurenines and Inflammation: A Remarkable Axis for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune neurological disease characterized by the recurrent appearance of demyelinating lesions and progressive disability. Currently, there are multiple disease-modifying treatments, however, there is a significant need to develop new therapeutic targets, especially for the progressive forms of the disease. This review article provides an overview of the most recent studies aimed at understanding the inflammatory processes that are activated in response to the accumulation of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites, which exacerbate an imbalance between immune system cells (e.

Relationship Between Ultrasound and Physical Examination in the Assessment of Enthesitis in Patients With Spondyloarthritis: Results From the DEUS Multicenter Study.

Objective: The study objectives were (i) to explore the agreement between the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasound lesions of enthesitis and physical examination in assessing enthesitis in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and (ii) to investigate the prevalence and clinical relevance of subclinical enthesitis in this population.

Methods: Twenty rheumatology centers participated in this cross-sectional study. Patients with SpA, including axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), underwent both ultrasound scan and physical examination of large lower limb entheses.

Modification of Pelvic Support Osteotomy Technique in Patients with Sequelae of Hip Dysplasia: A Case Series.

Introduction: The management of hip dislocation in patients older than 9 years of age is a challenge in terms of deciding which is the best treatment course to follow since the main sequelae are as follows: pain, discrepancy in the length of the pelvic extremities and lame gait, with the consequent disability for activities of daily living. In Ho Choi, Thabet A mention limited treatment options, including total hip arthroplasty and hip arthrodesis. These options have their benefits and limitations.

Parosteal osteosarcoma with low grade chondrosarcoma and liposarcoma components. A rare histologic variant. Case report and literature review.

Introduction: conventional parosteal osteosarcoma is an uncommon malignant bone tumor, comprising 4% of all osteosarcomas. Although rare, parosteal osteosarcoma is the most common type of osteosarcoma of the bone surface. We present the clinical, histological and imaging characteristics of a rare histologic variant of a parosteal osteosarcoma, review the literature and emphasize the importance of radio-pathological correlation as well as the interpretation of a representative biopsy in order to obtain the correct diagnosis.

Development and Characterization of Electrodes Coated with Plasma-Synthesized Polypyrrole Doped with Iodine, Implanted in the Rat Brain Subthalamic Nucleus.

Biological treatments involve the application of metallic material coatings to enhance biocompatibility and properties. In invasive therapies, metallic electrodes are utilized, which are implanted in patients. One of these invasive therapeutic procedures is deep brain stimulation (DBS), an effective therapy for addressing the motor disorders observed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

A modified animal-free serum technique for efficient isolation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells from Hoffa fat pad.

We focus on this study in designing an alternative technique for obtaining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from residual tissue, Hoffa fat, in arthroscopic procedures. Two males and two females were included, and underwent knee arthroscopy; a sample of infrapatellar adipose tissue was obtained with basket forceps. The primary culture was made using the explant method and the culture media: DMEM-high glucose, supplemented with 10% of inactivated human allogeneic serum.

Modulation of Kynurenic Acid Production by N-acetylcysteine Prevents Cognitive Impairment in Adulthood Induced by Lead Exposure during Lactation in Mice.

Lead (Pb) exposure during early life induces cognitive impairment, which was recently associated with an increase in brain kynurenic acid (KYNA), an antagonist of NMDA and alpha-7 nicotinic receptors. It has been described that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) favors an antioxidant environment and inhibits kynurenine aminotransferase II activity (KAT II, the main enzyme of KYNA production), leading to brain KYNA levels decrease and cognitive improvement. This study aimed to investigate whether the NAC modulation of the brain KYNA levels in mice ameliorated Pb-induced cognitive impairment.

Muscle quality an evolving concept.

Muscle quality concept can be analyzed from a morphological and functional perspectives that include relation between these properties. Morphological muscle quality considers muscle composition, architectural and structural properties. Functional muscle quality has been defined as a ratio between muscle strength or power per unit of muscle mass or area.

Changes to physical activity behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and their associated factors: a cross sectional survey of Mexican women.

Background: On March 24, 2020, the Mexican Government established social distancing measures to address the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The resulting home confinement affected daily lifestyle habits such as eating, sleeping, and physical activity (PA). The objectives of this study were to determine changes in PA behaviors among Mexican women due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess potential factors associated with these changes.

Wheelchair users' satisfaction after provision using the WHO 8-step guidelines: A pilot study.

Background: Wheelchairs are vital for the successful rehabilitation and inclusion of people with mobility disabilities; 10% of the population with disabilities needs a wheelchair, but only 15% have access to an adequate one. Not user-configured wheelchairs may lead to postural deformities and pressure ulcers, thus negatively impact user satisfaction, wheelchair skills, and quality of life.

Objective: To assess the impact of the 8-step "Guidelines on the provision of manual wheelchairs in less-resourced settings" from the World Health Organization (WHO) on user satisfaction, wheelchair skills, and quality of life of Mexican manual wheelchair users.

Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) in 2023.

In 2011, a syndrome entitled ASIA (Autoimmune/inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants; Shoenfeld's syndrome) was first described. ASIA aimed to organize under a single umbrella, the existing evidence regarding certain environmental factors which possess immune stimulatory properties, in order to shed light on a common pathway of autoimmune pathogenesis. Such environmental immune stimulators, or adjuvants, include among others: aluminum salts as in vaccines, various medical implants, as well as various infectious agents.

Central and peripheral mechanisms of pain in fibromyalgia: scoping review protocol.

Fibromyalgia is characterised by widespread musculoskeletal pain, which may present with fatigue, depression, anxiety, sleep and cognitive disturbances. It is the second most prevalent rheumatic disease. An accurate diagnosis is challenging, since its symptoms may resemble diverse conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, Raynaud syndrome, Sjögren syndrome, amongst others.

Adherence to literature search reporting guidelines in leading rheumatology journals' systematic reviews: umbrella review protocol.

Literature searches are important components of systematic reviews. They are not only informative of the retrieval process, but they also set the data to be analyzed and influence additional components of systematic reviews. Despite the available guidelines, several studies have shown that the quality of reporting in systematic reviews is deficient in several medical fields.