Perceived helpfulness of treatment for social anxiety disorder: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and predictors of perceived helpfulness of treatment in persons with a history of DSM-IV social anxiety disorder (SAD), using a worldwide population-based sample.

Methods: The World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys is a coordinated series of community epidemiological surveys of non-institutionalized adults; 27 surveys in 24 countries (16 in high-income; 11 in low/middle-income countries; N = 117,856) included people with a lifetime history of treated SAD.

Results: In respondents with lifetime SAD, approximately one in five ever obtained treatment.

Oral Contraceptive Use and Breast Cancer Risk According to Molecular Subtypes Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of oral contraceptives (OCs) on risk of breast cancer (BrCa) by status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). We searched the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and the Cochrane Library database and bibliographies of pertinent articles published up to 2020. Therein, we identified nineteen eligible case-control studies which provided data by breast cancer subtypes: ER-positive (ER+), ER-negative (ER-), HER2-positive (HER2+) and Triplet-negative (TN).

A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups.

Background: The consumption of raw or undercooked meat, especially pork, and offal containing infective tissue cysts is suspected to be a significant route of infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Although the use of "animal-friendly pig production systems" ensuring direct contact with the natural environment offers ethical benefits, it limits the ability to ensure animal health; it may also increase the probability of infections by pathogens such as T. gondii, and thus their entry into the food chain.

The Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19-A Study Based on Data from the Polish National Hospital Register.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious complication of COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of ARDS among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Poland as well as to characterize clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19-associated ARDS. This is a retrospective, secondary analysis of epidemiological data from 116,539 discharge reports on patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Poland between March and December 2020.

Evaluating Organizational Performance of Public Hospitals using the McKinsey 7-S Framework.

Background: This study examined non-financial aspects of the organizational performance of public hospitals from the perspective of hospital physicians; the obtained results were analyzed to identify the necessary improvements in organizational performance.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of multidisciplinary public hospitals on a group of 249 randomly selected physicians from 22 in-patient departments or clinics operating in the Warsaw region. The study data was collected using the structured World Health Organization questionnaires (to be filled out by respondents) assessing the hospital's organizational performance variables qualified according to the McKinsey 7-S Framework.

Dichotomy of lay people and health professionals perception of physical activity is a challenge for activity education and promotion within primary health care - a qualitative study.

Introduction: According to the WHO, healthy adults aged 18-64 should perform at least 150 min of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity (PA), or at least 75 min of vigorous-intensity PA, throughout the week, or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous activity. These recommendations should be promoted and involved in primary health care (PHC) staff daily practice. Tailoring the education message depends on peoples' perspective on PA, but in Poland there is no research on the subject.

COVID-19 - Infection prevention in prisons and jails in Poland.

Introduction And Objective: Due to the specificity of conditions in penitentiary establishments, there is an increased risk of rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus infections. In addition, there is a high prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases among inmates, which increases the risk of the severe course of COVID-19. The objectives of the study are to present the number and percentage of officers and employees of the Prison Service (PS), and inmates quarantined and infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the period from March to the end of December 2020, as well as to present solutions aimed at limiting the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Can the School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme Be an Effective Strategy Leading to Positive Changes in Children's Eating Behaviours? Polish Evaluation Results.

Background: The School Fruit and Vegetable Scheme (SFVS) was developed to form the habit of eating fruit and vegetables (F&V) among children. The survey aimed to identify both the strengths of the scheme and areas that required support and strengthening in the further implementation of school schemes.

Methods: The study was conducted from 2012 to 2015 among students of randomly selected 85 primary schools that participated in the programme (intervention group) or did not participate therein (control group).

Factors influencing the effect of surgical treatment in secondary proliferative disease with lung involvement.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of neoplastic lung metastases is a big therapeutic problem, at the stage of qualifying for the procedure, in the surgical technique itself, and in the tactics of managing subsequent disease relapses. The most doubtful aspect is determining which factors influence the prolongation of survival in patients with such a diagnosis.

Aim: To determine which factors influence the effectiveness of surgical treatment of neoplastic metastases to the lungs.

The Antifungal Action Mode of -Phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles.

Our study aimed to characterise the action mode of -phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles against and . Firstly, we selected the non-cytotoxic most active benzimidazoles based on the structure-activity relationships showing that the group of 5,6-dibromobenzimidazole derivatives are less active against vs. 4,6-dibromobenzimidazole analogues (- and ).

Integration of community-based testing data into national HIV surveillance in Poland, Serbia and Slovakia within the framework of INTEGRATE project.

Background: Community-based voluntary counselling and testing contributes to early HIV diagnoses among key populations. Testing data from such decentralized services is however often not standardized nor linked to national surveillance systems. This study aimed to support the integration of community testing data into respective national surveillance and monitoring and evaluation systems for those infections.

Increasing integrated testing in community settings through interventions for change, including the Spring European Testing Week.

Background: Maximising access to testing by targeting more than one infection is effective in identifying new infections in settings or populations. Within the EU funded Joint Action INTEGRATE, this paper examined the feasibility and impact of expanding integrated testing for HIV, hepatitis C (HCV), chlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or syphilis in four community-based pilots through targeted interventions in Croatia, Italy and Poland and the Spring European Testing Week since community settings are key in detecting new infections and reaching key populations.

Methods: Pilots led by local INTEGRATE partners prioritised testing for other infections or key populations.

Duration of protection against Bordetella pertussis infection elicited by whole-cell and acellular vaccine priming in Polish children and adolescents.

Background: In the context of reported resurgence of pertussis in the last decade, researchers hypothesized that acellular (aP) pertussis vaccines elicit a shorter-lived protection compared to whole-cell (wP) pertussis vaccines. However, in the studies seeking to demonstrate this hypothesis, exposure to each vaccine type was not concurrent, and contradictory epidemiologic modeling questioned its validity. The context of pertussis vaccination history in Poland, with both vaccine types used concurrently in comparable proportions, provided an opportunity to investigate this hypothesis.

Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of 116,539 Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19-Poland, March-December 2020.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to characterize patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Poland between March and December 2020, as well as to identify factors associated with COVID 19-related risk of in-hospital death. This retrospective analysis was based on data from the hospital discharge reports on COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Poland between March and December 2020.

On limits of contact tracing in epidemic control.

Contact tracing and quarantine are well established non-pharmaceutical epidemic control tools. The paper aims to clarify the impact of these measures in evolution of epidemic. The proposed deterministic model defines a simple rule on the reproduction number [Formula: see text] in terms of ratio of diagnosed cases and, quarantine and transmission parameters.

The Global Interest in Vaccines and Its Prediction and Perspectives in the Era of COVID-19. Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has globally overwhelmed all sectors of life. The fast development of vaccines against COVID-19 has had a significant impact on the course of the pandemic.

Methods: Global data from Google Trends was analyzed for vaccines against flu, BCG, HPV, pneumococcal disease, polio, and COVID-19.

Meningitis and encephalitis in Poland in 2018.

Introduction: Infectious diseases of the nervous system are most often manifested in the form of meningitis. We distinguish meningitis and/or encephalitis according to their etiology, i.e.

Lyme disease in Poland in 2018.

Introduction: Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease, caused by spirochetes of the genus Borrelia, transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes genus. According to ECDC, Poland should be considered as an endemic area. The risk of Lyme disease incidence in-creases with tick habitats increase, which is a response to environmental factors and climate change.

The level of protective post-vaccination antibodies in NIPH-NIH employees after administration of Pfizer vaccine against COVID-19.

Introduction: The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, first recognized in China in 2019, within a few months caused a global pandemic of a disease called COVID-19. The high incidence and mortality of COVID-19 was the reason for the beginning of intensive work on the development of an effective vaccine. In Poland, mass vaccinations against this disease began at the end of December 2020.

Polymer Coated Oncolytic Adenovirus to Selectively Target Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

Despite significant advances in chemotherapy, the overall prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains extremely poor. HCC targeting strategies were combined with the tumor cell cytotoxicity of oncolytic viruses (OVs) to develop a more efficient and selective therapeutic system. OVs were coated with a polygalactosyl--agmatyl diblock copolymer (Gal--Agm), with high affinity for the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) expressed on the liver cell surface, exploiting the electrostatic interaction of the positively charged agmatine block with the negatively charged adenoviral capsid surface.

Adult-onset Still's disease in Poland - a nationwide population-based study.

Introduction: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, which affects young adults and is associated with multiple organ involvement and life-threatening complications. The aim of the study was to establish the incidence and prevalence of AOSD in Poland, and factors related to this disease among hospitalized patients.

Material And Methods: A retrospective, population-based study was conducted, using data from hospital discharge records compiled by the National Institute of Public Health in 2009-2018.

Anaplasmosis in Poland - analysis of 120 patients.

The aim of our study was to clarify the clinical picture of anaplasmosis through analysis of the symptoms and clinical signs presented by infected patients in a cohort of tick-bitten individuals. The study included 1375 patients with suspicion of tick-borne disease. Finally, 120 patients (8.

Ozone disinfection of community pharmacies during the COVID-19 pandemic as a possible preventive measure for infection spread.

The COVID-19 pandemic is currently one of the major global health and economic challenges. An efficient method for reducing the transmission of the virus is a still unmet medical need. Existing experimental data have shown that coronavirus survival is negatively impacted by ozone, high temperature, and low humidity.

Discriminating Between Premigration and Postmigration HIV Acquisition Using Surveillance Data.

Background: Migrant populations are overrepresented among persons diagnosed with HIV in the European Union and the European Economic Area. Understanding the timing of HIV acquisition (premigration or postmigration) is crucial for developing public health interventions and for producing reliable estimates of HIV incidence and the number of people living with undiagnosed HIV infection. We summarize a recently proposed method for determining the timing of HIV acquisition and apply it to both real and simulated data.