Corrigendum: PlexinD1 signaling controls domain-specific dendritic development in newborn neurons in the postnatal olfactory bulb.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.

Brain-enriched guanylate kinase-associated protein, a component of the post-synaptic density protein complexes, contributes to learning and memory.

Brain-enriched guanylate kinase-associated protein (BEGAIN) is highly enriched in the post-synaptic density (PSD) fraction and was identified in our previous study as a protein associated with neuropathic pain in the spinal dorsal horn. PSD protein complexes containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors are known to be involved in neuropathic pain. Since these PSD proteins also participate in learning and memory, BEGAIN is also expected to play a crucial role in this behavior.

Reward expectation enhances action-related activity of nigral dopaminergic and two striatal output pathways.

Neurons comprising nigrostriatal system play important roles in action selection. However, it remains unclear how this system integrates recent outcome information with current action (movement) and outcome (reward or no reward) information to achieve appropriate subsequent action. We examined how neuronal activity of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and dorsal striatum reflects the level of reward expectation from recent outcomes in rats performing a reward-based choice task.

"Brain-breath" interactions: respiration-timing-dependent impact on functional brain networks and beyond.

Breathing is a natural daily action that one cannot do without, and it sensitively and intensely changes under various situations. What if this essential act of breathing can impact our overall well-being? Recent studies have demonstrated that breathing oscillations couple with higher brain functions, i.e.

PlexinD1 signaling controls domain-specific dendritic development in newborn neurons in the postnatal olfactory bulb.

Newborn neurons show immature bipolar morphology and continue to migrate toward their destinations. After the termination of migration, newborn neurons undergo spatially controlled dendrite formation and change into a complex morphology. The mechanisms of dendritic development of newborn neurons have not been fully understood.

Treatment of tubular damage in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice using sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors.

A long-term high-fat diet (HFD) causes obesity and changes in renal lipid metabolism and lysosomal dysfunction in mice, causing renal damage. Sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors, including phlorizin, exert nephroprotective effects in patients with chronic kidney disease, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. A HFD or standard diet was fed to adult C57BL/6J male mice, and phlorizin was administered.

Respiration-timing-dependent changes in activation of neural substrates during cognitive processes.

We previously showed that cognitive performance declines when the retrieval process spans an expiratory-to-inspiratory (EI) phase transition (an onset of inspiration). To identify the neural underpinning of this phenomenon, we conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participants performed a delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) recognition memory task with a short delay. Respiration during the task was monitored using a nasal cannula.

Loss of P2Y receptors triggers glaucoma-like pathology in mice.

Background And Purpose: Glaucoma, the leading cause of blindness, damages the retinal ganglion cells. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a high-risk factor for glaucoma, so topical hypotensive drugs are usually used for treatment. Because not all patients do not respond adequately to current treatments, there is a need to identify a new molecular target to reduce IOP.

A novel characteristic of a phytoplankton as a potential source of straight-chain alkanes.

Biosynthesis of hydrocarbons is a promising approach for the production of alternative sources of energy because of the emerging need to reduce global consumption of fossil fuels. However, the suitability of biogenic hydrocarbons as fuels is limited because their range of the number of carbon atoms is small, and/or they contain unsaturated carbon bonds. Here, we report that a marine phytoplankton, Dicrateria rotunda, collected from the western Arctic Ocean, can synthesize a series of saturated hydrocarbons (n-alkanes) from CH to CH, which are categorized as petrol (C-C), diesel oils (C-C), and fuel oils (C-C).

Double viral vector technology for selective manipulation of neural pathways with higher level of efficiency and safety.

Pathway-selective gene delivery would be critical for future gene therapy against neuropsychiatric disorders, traumatic neuronal injuries, or neurodegenerative diseases, because the impaired functions depend on neural circuits affected by the insults. Pathway-selective gene delivery can be achieved by double viral vector techniques, which combine an injection of a retrograde transport viral vector into the projection area of the target neurons and that of an anterograde viral vector into their somas. In this study, we tested the efficiency of gene delivery with different combinations of viral vectors to the pathway extending from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the cortical motor regions in rats, considered to be critical in the promotion of motor recovery from neural injuries.

Dopaminergic Signaling in the Nucleus Accumbens Modulates Stress-Coping Strategies during Inescapable Stress.

Maladaptation to stress is a critical risk factor in stress-related disorders, such as major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Dopamine signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been shown to modulate behavior by reinforcing learning and evading aversive stimuli, which are important for the survival of animals under environmental challenges such as stress. However, the mechanisms through which dopaminergic transmission responds to stressful events and subsequently regulates its downstream neuronal activity during stress remain unknown.

Dynamic Changes in the Neurogenic Potential in the Ventricular-Subventricular Zone of Common Marmoset during Postnatal Brain Development.

Even after birth, neuronal production continues in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) and hippocampus in many mammals. The immature new neurons ("neuroblasts") migrate and then mature at their final destination. In humans, neuroblast production and migration toward the neocortex and the olfactory bulb (OB) occur actively only for a few months after birth and then sharply decline with age.

Distribution of Caskin1 protein and phenotypic characterization of its knockout mice using a comprehensive behavioral test battery.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK)-interacting protein 1 (Caskin1) is a direct binding partner of the synaptic adaptor protein CASK. Because Caskin1 forms homo-multimers and binds not only CASK but also other neuronal proteins in vitro, it is anticipated to have neural functions; but its exact role in mammals remains unclear. Previously, we showed that the concentration of Caskin1 in the spinal dorsal horn increases under chronic pain.

Respiratory modulation of cognitive performance during the retrieval process.

Recent research suggests that cognitive performance might be altered by the respiratory-synchronized activity generated in the brain. Previous human studies, however, have yielded inconsistent results when assessing task performance during distinct respiratory phases (inspiratory phase vs. expiratory phase).

Respiratory fluctuations in pupil diameter are not maintained during cognitive tasks.

Pupil diameter fluctuation throughout the respiratory cycle is autonomically controlled in the resting state, as pupils dilate during inspiration and constrict during expiration. Furthermore, pupil size is differentially modulated by cognitive states between task engagement and disengagement. To determine whether respiratory-dependent fluctuations in pupil size are maintained during a cognitive task, we employed healthy human subjects performing a delayed matching-to-sample task with a short delay and measured their pupil sizes and R wave-to-R wave intervals (RRIs).

Soluble epoxide hydrolase plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized as a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and the deposition of specific protein aggregates of α-synuclein, termed Lewy bodies, is evident in multiple brain regions of PD patients. Although there are several available medications to treat PD symptoms, these medications do not prevent the progression of the disease. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays a key role in inflammation associated with the pathogenesis of PD.

IFCN-endorsed practical guidelines for clinical magnetoencephalography (MEG).

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) records weak magnetic fields outside the human head and thereby provides millisecond-accurate information about neuronal currents supporting human brain function. MEG and electroencephalography (EEG) are closely related complementary methods and should be interpreted together whenever possible. This manuscript covers the basic physical and physiological principles of MEG and discusses the main aspects of state-of-the-art MEG data analysis.

Speed-related activation in the mesolimbic dopamine system during the observation of driver-view videos.

Despite the ubiquity and importance of speeding offenses, there has been little neuroscience research regarding the propensity for speeding among vehicle drivers. In the current study, as a first attempt, we examined the hypothesis that visual inputs during high-speed driving would activate the mesolimbic dopaminergic system that plays an important role in mediating motivational craving. To this end, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify speed-related activation changes in mesolimbic dopaminergic regions during the observation of driver-view videos in two groups that differed in self-reported speeding propensity.

Abnormalities in perineuronal nets and behavior in mice lacking CSGalNAcT1, a key enzyme in chondroitin sulfate synthesis.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important glycosaminoglycan and is mainly found in the extracellular matrix as CS proteoglycans. In the brain, CS proteoglycans are highly concentrated in perineuronal nets (PNNs), which surround synapses and modulate their functions. To investigate the importance of CS, we produced and precisely examined mice that were deficient in the CS synthesizing enzyme, CSGalNAcT1 (T1KO).

Greater cerebellar gray matter volume in car drivers: an exploratory voxel-based morphometry study.

Previous functional neuroimaging studies have identified multiple brain areas associated with distinct aspects of car driving in simulated traffic environments. Few studies, however, have examined brain morphology associated with everyday car-driving experience in real traffic. Thus, the aim of the current study was to identify gray matter volume differences between drivers and non-drivers.

β1 integrin signaling promotes neuronal migration along vascular scaffolds in the post-stroke brain.

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a main cause of chronic disability. However, there is currently no effective treatment to promote recovery from stroke-induced neurological symptoms. Recent studies suggest that after stroke, immature neurons, referred to as neuroblasts, generated in a neurogenic niche, the ventricular-subventricular zone, migrate toward the injured area, where they differentiate into mature neurons.

Stimulation-dependent gating of TRPM3 channel in planar lipid bilayers.

The transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM)-3 channel is critical for various physiologic processes. In somatosensory neurons, TRPM3 has been implicated in temperature perception and inflammatory hyperalgesia, whereas in pancreatic β-cells the channel has been linked to glucose-induced insulin release. As a typical representative of the TRP family, TRPM3 is highly polymodal.