Marine-derived bioactive compounds for neuropathic pain: pharmacology and therapeutic potential.

Neuropathic pain, a challenging condition often associated with diabetes, trauma, or chemotherapy, impairs patients' quality of life. Current treatments often provide inconsistent relief and notable adverse effects, highlighting the urgent need for safer and more effective alternatives. This review investigates marine-derived bioactive compounds as potential novel therapies for neuropathic pain management.

Biomarker Detection and Therapy of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease using upconversion based approach: A Comprehensive Review.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are debilitating disorders characterized by the progressive and selective loss of function or structure in the brain and spinal cord. Both chronic and acute forms of these diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, as they involve the degeneration of neurons in various brain regions. Misfolding and aggregation of amyloid proteins into oligomer and β-sheet rich fibrils share as common hallmark and lead to neurotoxicity.

Direct Printing of an Electrochemical Device and Its Interface with Paper for Uric Acid Detection in Human Sweat.

Using a laser-scribed (direct printing) technique, we have fabricated an enzymeless, mediatorless, and paper-interfaced electrochemical device (P-LSG) for uric acid detection on a flexible polyimide sheet. Various paper substrates were investigated, and it was found that Whatman filter paper-1 is promising to obtain the best electrochemical signals at the small volume of electrolyte, i.e.

Therapeutic Role of Scutellarein in Neurological Disorders.

Scutellarein, a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, has a wide range of pharmacological actions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. Increasing evidence has emphasized the developing significance of scutellarein in several neurological illnesses, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, and neuroblastoma. This review is centered on the molecular processes that underlie the neuroprotective properties of scutellarein in various neurological disorders, as indicated by recent pre-clinical research.

Innovative Approaches in Regulatory Affairs: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Efficient Compliance and Decision-Making.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-driven technologies are transforming industries across the board, with the pharmaceutical sector emerging as a frontrunner beneficiary. This article explores the growing impact of AI and Machine Learning (ML) within pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs, particularly in dossier preparation, compilation, documentation, submission, review, and regulatory compliance. By automating time-intensive tasks, these technologies streamline workflows, accelerate result generation, and shorten the product approval timeline.

Aerobic exercise and metformin attenuate the cognitive impairment in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus: focus on neuroinflammation and adult hippocampal neurogenesis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that increases the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the geriatric population. Aerobic exercise is an excellent non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy to prevent Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia. The exact molecular mechanism of aerobic exercise (Exe) as an intervention to counter cognitive decline is far from clear.

Recent advancements in the quest of benzazoles as anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis agents.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, claiming numerous lives each year, despite recent advancements in drug discovery and treatment strategies. Current TB treatment typically involves long-duration chemotherapy regimens that are often accompanied by adverse effects. The introduction of new anti-TB drugs, such as Bedaquiline, Delamanid, and Pretomanid, offers hope for more effective treatment, although challenges persist keeping the quest to find new anti-TB chemotypes an incessant exercise of medicinal chemists.

Nano-structured polyaniline in biocatalysis: Manifesting simultaneous competence of polyaniline nanofibers and nanotubes as immobilization matrices for laccase mediated synthesis of drug intermediates.

Customized nano-biocatalysts of laccase have been made using nano-structured polyaniline viz. nano-fibers and nano-tubes, as immobilization supports and a simultaneous comparison between them has been made. Laccases are poly-phenol oxidases having tremendous utility concerning wider areas of application especially in the field of organic and drug syntheses.

Enhanced Anti-inflammatory Effect of Puerarin through Optimized Release and Bioavailability via PDLG-Loaded Nanoparticles.

Puerarin (PU), a bioactive constituent reported to possess therapeutic effectiveness, but it suffers a drawback of poor bioavailability. In the present study, the PU nanoparticles (PU-NPs) were prepared using solvent-diffusion-evaporation method and optimized using Box-Behnken design (BBD), a response surface methodology for obtaining the optimal material ratio of PU-NPs. Further, PU and PU-NPs were evaluated to assess their cytotoxic effect and in vitro efficiency of inflammatory responses using lipopolysaccharide-sensitive macrophage cell line (RAW264.

Inhibition of peptidyl arginine deiminase-4 ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis via modulating M1/M2 polarisation of macrophages.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) arises from dysregulated wound healing, leading to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and impaired lung function. Macrophages exhibit high plasticity, polarizing to pro-inflammatory M1 during early inflammation and anti-inflammatory, fibrosis-inducing M2 during later stages of PF. Additionally, neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release mediated by peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD-4), also play a key role in PF progression.

Chitosan lactate improves repeated closed head injury-generated motor and neurological dysfunctions in mice by impacting microbiota gut-brain axis.

The negative impact of repeated-mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is profoundly seen in circadian-disrupted individuals. The unrelenting inflammation, glial activation, and gut dysbiosis are key neuropathological aberrations in the aftermath of rmTBI. In this study, we examined the impact of chitosan lactate (CL) on circadian disturbance (CD) + rmTBI-generated neurological dysfunctions and its prebiotic response on the gut-brain axis.

Nanosystems at Nexus: Navigating Nose-to-Brain Delivery for Glioblastoma Treatment.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered to be one of the most devastating brain tumors with a shorter life expectancy. Several factors contribute to the dismal prognosis of GBM patients including the complicated nature of GBM, the ability of tumor cells to resist treatment, and the difficulty of delivering drugs to the brain because of barriers like the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB). The unique challenges posed by the BBB in delivering therapeutic agents to the brain have led to the development of innovative nanotechnology-based approaches.

Zein-based nanoparticulate systems: a journey through fabrication, targeting strategies and biomedical applications.

Zein, a plant-based protein obtained from the endosperm of corn ( L.) received colossal attention in recent years due to its promising features like being economical, mucoadhesive, gastro-resistant, biocompatible and aids to load hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutic agents. It can be employed for the fabrication of various drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles, micelles, hydrogels, nanofibers and films.

The gut-brain axis: Unveiling the impact of xenobiotics on neurological health and disorders.

The Gut-Brain Axis (GBA) is a crucial link between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system. Xenobiotics, originating from diverse sources, play a significant role in shaping this interaction. This review examines how these compounds influence neurotransmitter dynamics within the GBA.

Exploration of the Topical Nanoemulgel Bearing with Ferulic Acid and Essential Oil for Diabetic Wound Healing.

To investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and diabetic wound healing properties of the novel topical formulation [Ferulic acid-loaded nanoemulgel (DLMGO-G)]. Ferulic acid nanoemulsion developed with lemongrass oil is investigated in diabetic wound healing. Further nanoemulsion is incorporated into 1% carbopol 934 to obtain the DLMGO-G.

Insights into the systemic risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in the Indian population: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a predominant cause of vision impairment globally. Understanding risk factors is crucial for effective planning. The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the risk factors in the Indian population contributing to the increased incidence of DR, which is a potentially sight-threatening complication among diabetic individuals.

Berberine Attenuates Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis by Modulating Nrf2/NOX2 Signaling Pathway via AMPK Activation.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the master regulator of cellular energy which gets activated during energy stress and restores tissue homeostasis. AMPK is widely expressed in the pancreas and is involved in protein synthesis. In cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP), diminished AMPK activity in the pancreatic tissue may be associated with pancreatic inflammation and oxidative stress.

Human Paraoxonase 1: From Bloodstream Enzyme to Disease Fighter & Therapeutic Intervention.

Human paraoxonase 1 (hPON1) is a Ca2+-dependent metalloenzyme with multifunctional properties. Due to its diverse roles as arylesterase, phosphotriesterase, and lactonase, it plays a significant role in disease conditions. Researchers across the globe have demonstrated different properties of PON1, like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and OPneutralization.

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles as important scaffold for selective and potent HDAC8 inhibition: a step towards effective, non-toxic and selective HDAC8 inhibitor discovery.

Selective inhibition of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) has emerged as a promising approach for treating various diseases, including cancer. However, finding key structural features for HDAC8 inhibition and developing effective and selective HDAC8 inhibitors (HDAC8s) pose significant challenges. In the past few years, the development of various scaffolds for inhibiting HDAC8 has significantly risen and the quest continues.

Nanoparticle-enhanced delivery of resveratrol for targeted therapy of glioblastoma: Modulating the Akt/GSK-3β/NF-kB pathway in C6 glioma cells.

Objective: The study aims to explore Resveratrol (RES) as a potential therapeutic agent for Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a challenging brain cancer. RES, a polyphenolic compound with known benefits in various diseases including cancer, has shown promise in inhibiting glioma progression through its effects on the AKT signaling pathways. However, its limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier restricts its clinical application in GBM treatment.

Isolation, Characterization, In Vitro and In Silico Assessment of Undescribed Bioactive Constituents from L. Heartwood.

heartwood is well acknowledged for its medicinal properties and use in the furniture and handicraft industries. Owing to its medicinal properties, the present investigation aims to isolate and characterize the secondary metabolites from the heartwood. The investigation led to the isolation of one undescribed dehydropterocarpan and eleven known compounds.