The Population-Based Hungarian Twin Registry: An Update.

Between 2006 and 2021, the Hungarian Twin Registry (HTR) operated a volunteer twin registry of all age groups (50% monozygotic [MZ], 50% dizygotic [DZ], 70% female, average age 34 ± 22 years), including 1044 twin pairs, 24 triplets and one quadruplet set. In 2021, the HTR transformed from a volunteer registry into a population-based one, and it was established in the Medical Imaging Centre of Semmelweis University in Budapest. Semmelweis University's innovation fund supported the development of information technology, a phone bank and voicemail infrastructure, administrative materials, and a new website was established where twins and their relatives (parent, foster parent or caregiver) can register.

Bilateral swelling of the lacrimal glands as first manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis in a patient with breast cancer.

Sarcoidosis, a multifaceted granulomatous disease primarily affecting the lungs, occasionally presents in atypical locations. Lacrimal gland involvement, though rare, poses distinct diagnostic challenges. This case report details a 52-year-old female with bilateral lacrimal gland swelling initially suggestive of metastatic tumor due to a history of breast cancer.

COLUMBUS 7-year update: A randomized, open-label, phase III trial of encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib in patients with BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma.

Background: Treatment with encorafenib plus binimetinib and encorafenib monotherapy is associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with vemurafenib in patients with BRAF V600E/K-mutant metastatic melanoma. We report results from the 7-year analysis of COLUMBUS part 1 (NCT01909453) at 99.7 months (median duration between randomization and data cutoff).

Impact of COVID-19 on Management and Outcomes of Oncology Patients: Results of MENA COVID-19 and Cancer Registry (MCCR).

Introduction: Despite extensive studies of the impact of COVID-19 on patients with cancer, there is a dearth of information from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Our study aimed to report pertinent MENA COVID-19 and Cancer Registry (MCCR) findings on patient management and outcomes.

Methods: MCCR was adapted from the American Society of Clinical Oncology COVID-19 Registry to collect data specifically from patients with cancer and SARS-CoV-2 infection from 12 centers in eight countries including Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, Egypt, Algeria, United Arab Emirates, and Morocco.

Cost-effectiveness of Genetic Testing of Endocrine Tumor Patients Using a Comprehensive Hereditary Cancer Gene Panel.

Introduction: Heterogenous clinical manifestations, overlapping phenotypes, and complex genetic backgrounds are common in patients with endocrine tumors. There are no comprehensive recommendations for genetic testing and counseling of these patients compared to other hereditary cancer syndromes. The application of multigene panel testing is common in clinical genetic laboratories, but their performance for patients with endocrine tumors has not been assessed.

High-throughput molecular assays for inclusion in personalised oncology trials - State-of-the-art and beyond.

In the last decades, the development of high-throughput molecular assays has revolutionised cancer diagnostics, paving the way for the concept of personalised cancer medicine. This progress has been driven by the introduction of such technologies through biomarker-driven oncology trials. In this review, strengths and limitations of various state-of-the-art sequencing technologies, including gene panel sequencing (DNA and RNA), whole-exome/whole-genome sequencing and whole-transcriptome sequencing, are explored, focusing on their ability to identify clinically relevant biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive impact.

Expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Background: Advancements in immunotherapeutic approaches only had a modest impact on the therapy of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (LNENs). Our multicenter study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of novel immunotherapy targets in intermediate- and high-grade LNENs.

Methods: The expressions of V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), OX40L, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR), and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry in surgically resected tumor samples of 26 atypical carcinoid (AC), 49 large cell neuroendocrine lung cancer (LCNEC), and 66 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.

Complex treatment of residual metastatic germ cell cancer: A single center experience.

Background: Testicular cancer is the most common solid malignancy among men aged 15-35. Radical orchiectomy and platinum-based chemotherapy (BEP) are curative in the majority of patients, including advanced, metastatic cases. According to current urooncology guidelines all non-seminoma patients harbouring post-chemotherapy residual masses of ≥ 1 cm should undergo salvage retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND).

DNA Damage Responses in Tumors Are Not Proliferative Stimuli, but Rather They Are DNA Repair Actions Requiring Supportive Medical Care.

Background: In tumors, somatic mutagenesis presumably drives the DNA damage response (DDR) via altered regulatory pathways, increasing genomic instability and proliferative activity. These considerations led to the standard therapeutic strategy against cancer: the disruption of mutation-activated DNA repair pathways of tumors.

Purpose: Justifying that cancer cells are not enemies to be killed, but rather that they are ill human cells which have the remnants of physiologic regulatory pathways.

(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)chloridoiridium(III) Complex Bearing Bidentate PhPCHCHSPh-κ,κ Ligand.

The (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)chloridoiridium(III) complex bearing a κ,κ-bonded PhPCHCHSPh ligand ([Ir(η-CMe)Cl(PhP(CH)SPh-κκ)]PF, ()] was synthesized and characterized. Multinuclear (H, C and P) NMR spectroscopy was employed for the determination of the structure. Moreover, SC-XRD confirmed the proposed structure belongs to the "piano stool" type.

First-line Avelumab plus Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: Results from the Phase Ib/II JAVELIN Chemotherapy Medley Study.

Purpose: Chemotherapy can potentially enhance the activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors by promoting immune priming. The phase Ib/II JAVELIN Chemotherapy Medley trial (NCT03317496) evaluated first-line avelumab + concurrent chemotherapy in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: Avelumab 800 or 1,200 mg was administered continuously every 3 weeks with standard doses of cisplatin + gemcitabine in patients with urothelial carcinoma, or carboplatin + pemetrexed in patients with nonsquamous NSCLC.

Alterations of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, after of subthalamic deep brain stimulation.

Unlabelled: The effect of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) on motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been thoroughly analyzed. The influence of STN DBS on non-motor symptoms (NMS) is still debatable. We analyzed the effect of STN DBS on NMS in PD.

Uterine smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP): A case report.

Introduction: Uterine smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) are extremely rare, defined as a uterine smooth muscle tumors that cannot be diagnosed as benign or malignant and does not satisfy all the criteria for leiomyosarcoma or leiomyoma.

Case Representation: A 48-year-old woman who presented with a history of heavy menstrual bleeding and pelvic pain. Physical examination revealed an enlarged uterus.

International guidelines for intratumoral and intranodal injection of NBTXR3 nanoparticles in head and neck cancers.

Background: An international multidisciplinary panel of experts aimed to provide consensus guidelines describing the optimal intratumoral and intranodal injection of NBTXR3 hafnium oxide nanoparticles in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and cervical lymph nodes and to review data concerning safety, feasibility, and procedural aspects of administration.

Methods: The Delphi method was used to determine consensus. A 4-member steering committee and a 10-member monitoring committee wrote and revised the guidelines, divided into eight sections.

New developments in the imaging of lung cancer.

Radiological and nuclear medicine methods play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and staging of patients with lung cancer. Imaging is essential in the detection, characterisation, staging and follow-up of lung cancer. Due to the increasing evidence, low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) screening for the early detection of lung cancer is being introduced to the clinical routine in several countries.

Unraveling the Mystery of Desmoid Tumors: Insights From a Moroccan Tertiary Center.

Desmoid tumors (DTs) are rare, aggressive malignancies developing from clonal fibroblastic proliferation originating from soft tissues. Despite their low metastatic potential, their invasiveness towards neighboring organs and a high recurrence rate contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality, thereby impacting the quality of life of patients. Several therapeutic options are available, but standardized protocols are lacking.

Colonic Tubular Adenoma with Clear Cell Change: Case Report with Whole-Exome Sequencing and Updated Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Colorectal tubular adenomas displaying clear cell change are rare entities, with unknown clinical relevance, prognosis, immunohistochemical, and molecular features.

Case Presentation: Hereby we report a case of a 43-year-old female patient with a rectosigmoid polyp. Histologically, conventional dysplasia was visible with scattered areas displaying clear cell change.

Reducing radicality in fertility-sparing surgery is associated with improved in vitro fertilization outcome in early-stage cervical cancer: A national retrospective study.

Objective: Fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) aims to achieve oncological outcomes that are non-inferior to radical treatment while preserving fertility and optimizing reproductive results. This study assesses in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in early-stage cervical cancer survivors following FSS, comparing radical and non-radical approaches.

Methods: This retrospective analysis used data from Hungary's National Health Insurance Fund (2004-2022) on patients who underwent IVF treatment following FSS for early-stage cervical cancer at ten Hungarian fertility clinics.

A novel decision support system for proactive risk management in healthcare based on fuzzy inference, neural network and support vector machine.

Background: The nature of activities practiced in healthcare organizations makes risk management the most crucial issue for decision-makers, especially in developing countries. New technologies provide effective solutions to support engineers in managing risks.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) adapted to the healthcare constraints of developing countries that enables the provision of decisions about risk tolerance classes and prioritizations of risk treatment.

Positive correlation between persistence of medical nutrition therapy and overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer.

Several factors can affect overall survival of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, including characteristics of the cancer disease and response to treatments. However, patients' nutritional status and the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) can also impact overall survival. The primary goal of our research was to collect real-life data on the use of MNT in HNC patients and to specifically investigate the correlation between survival and the duration of uninterrupted (persistent) nutrition.