Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy as a Complication of Chikungunya Infection.

Background: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rapidly progressive encephalopathy seen commonly in children triggered by various prodromal viral infections, most common being influenza virus and Human herpes virus-6.

Objective: We report two rare cases of ANE preceded by Chikungunya infection.

Cases: A 13-year old girl presented with a three-day history of headache, fever, seizures, and altered sensorium.

Use of intraoperative X-ray to differentiate between reducible versus irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation.

Background: The treatment and classification of atlantoaxial dislocations (AADs) remain controversial. Here, we utilized intraoperative X-ray to differentiate between reducible and irreducible AADs.

Methods: Five patients were diagnosed as having irreducible AAD on dynamic and post-traction X-rays.

Elevated antimeasles antibody titre: An association in autoimmune encephalitis.

Introduction: Autoimmune encephalitis is a group of treatable noninfective encephalitic disorders with great clinical implications. They have a close resemblance to prion disease and some slow virus infections. We report the presence of significant titers of antimeasles antibody in some of our patients with autoimmune encephalitis resulting in diagnostic and therapeutic problems.

Managing a Rare Malignant Sweat Gland Tumor Invading the Brain: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Malignant sweat gland adnexal tumors are rare with an incidence of 0.001%. Of these, clear cell hidradenocarcinoma is an extremely uncommon subtype that accounts for 6% of malignant eccrine sweat gland tumors.