Doing good well (Karma Yoga, the path of selfless action): Psychotherapeutic lessons from the East.

The tripartite classification of mental faculties into cognition, affect, and conation (motivation and action) continues to be the edifice on which the mind and the methods to address mental afflictions are studied. Eastern spiritual traditions offer insights into mental health as it pertains to each of these domains. Following up on our previous paper on the cognition path to psychotherapy (Knowing oneself, or Jnana Yoga), we herein focus on the path of selfless action (Karma Yoga).

Silent Screams: A Narrative Review of Cyberbullying Among Indian Adolescents.

Cyberbullying is bullying with the use of digital technologies, which can take place on social media, messaging platforms, gaming platforms, and mobile phones. It is repeated behavior aimed at scaring, angering, or shaming those who are targeted. India happens to be one of the rapidly improving countries in the cyber world and thus faces a lot of problems regarding cyber crimes, especially cyberbullying.

Prevalence and association between alcohol, tobacco, and COVID-19: a study from a tribal predominant district in eastern India.

Introduction: Alcohol and tobacco use has been proposed to significantly affect COVID-19 outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use among COVID-19-positive patients and compare it with the general population prevalence rates. It also aimed to assess and determine the association between the severity of COVID-19 illness and the complications with alcohol and tobacco use.

Prolonged Magnesium Sulphate Infusion in the Management of Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus in a Probable Anti-GABA-B Autoimmune Encephalitis.

Super refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is a condition associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. We report the treatment protocol of magnesium sulphate infusion adapted for the management of a case of super refractory status epilepticus that lasted for 4 weeks. A young lady presented in altered sensorium with a history of fever followed by uncontrolled seizures of 2 weeks duration.

Facial Nerve Preserving Subtotal Excision for Large Vestibular Schwannoma: An Institution-Based Functional Outcome Study.

Background: The ideal goal of treatment for medium to large vestibular schwannoma is complete tumor removal with preservation of all cranial nerves. However, despite the advancements in microsurgery and intraoperative monitoring, the risk of facial nerve dysfunction following total resection varies between 31% and 57%. Currently, the goal of treatment for large tumors is shifting from total excision to facial nerve preservation.

Sleep in Myasthenia Gravis: A Questionnaire-Based Study.

Background: Disturbed sleep and its impact on quality of life (QoL) are underrecognized in myasthenia gravis (MG).

Aims: To evaluate the quality of sleep in MG using standard sleep questionnaires and assess factors that determine sleep.

Settings And Design: Prospective, cross-sectional, hospital-based study.

Intracranial Pressure Monitoring Location: A Pilot Study on the Validation of Subdural Site with the Intraventricular Site.

 Knowledge of preoperative and intraoperative intracranial pressure (ICP) enables the neuroanesthesiologist to optimize cerebral perfusion pressure. However, ICP is rarely monitored during the intraoperative period. In this report, subdural site ICP measurement is validated with intraventricular ICP measurement, and the feasibility of subdural ICP monitoring during the intraoperative period is discussed.

Feasibility and acceptability of a caregiver-mediated early support program, delivered online, for infants at elevated familial likelihood for autism: A feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Preliminary evidence indicates potential benefit of providing caregiver-mediated intervention, prior to diagnosis, for infants at elevated familial likelihood for autism and related developmental delays including language delay (EL-A). However, delivering such interventions online and in low-resource settings like India has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of delivering a novel manualized caregiver-mediated early support program, the "LiL' STEPS," online in India, for EL-A infants.

Journey Through Autosomal-Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay: Insights From a Case Series of Seven Patients-A Single-Center Study and Review of an Indian Cohort.

Objective: In this study, we describe the clinical and investigative profiles of 7 cases of autosomal-recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS).

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of genetically proven cases of ARSACS from our database. Additionally, we reviewed the literature for reported cases of ARSACS from India.

Therapeutic Effects, Side Effects, and Adverse Effects of Neuropsychiatric Drugs in the Context of Treating Cancer-Related Anorexia With Olanzapine and Mirtazapine.

Drugs have actions that may be classified as therapeutic effects and side effects; side effects are actions that do not contribute to therapeutic benefit. Some side effects are neutral; others, experienced as undesirable or unpleasant, are recorded as adverse effects. Some drug actions are therapeutic for some disorders and adverse for others; or therapeutic during acute illness and adverse during maintenance treatment.

DNA Methylation in Recurrent Glioblastomas: Increased TEM8 Expression Activates the Src/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/B-Catenin Pathway.

Background/aim: Glioblastomas (GBM) are infiltrative malignant brain tumors which mostly recur within a year's time following surgical resection and chemo-radiation therapy. Studies on glioblastoma cells following radio-chemotherapy, have been demonstrated to induce trans-differentiation, cellular plasticity, activation of DNA damage response and stemness. As glioblastomas are heterogenous tumors that develop treatment resistance and plasticity, we investigated if there exist genome-wide DNA methylation changes in recurrent tumors.

The Clinical, Radiological and Genetic Spectrum of -Associated Neurodegeneration: An Experience From a Tertiary Center.

Background: Despite being the second most common type of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, there is limited literature on -associated neurodegeneration (PLAN) within the Asian ethnicity, particularly in the Indian context.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study on patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants based on exome sequencing.

Results: We identified 26 patients (22 families, 15 males) of genetically-confirmed PLAN with a median age of 22.

Astroglia proliferate upon the biogenesis of tunneling nanotubes via α-synuclein dependent transient nuclear translocation of focal adhesion kinase.

Astroglia play crucial neuroprotective roles by internalizing pathogenic aggregates and facilitating their degradation. Here, we show that α-SYN protofibril-induced organelle toxicities and reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause premature cellular senescence in astrocytes and astrocyte-derived cancer cells, resulting in a transient increase in the biogenesis of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs). TNT-biogenesis and TNT-mediated cell-to-cell transfer lead to clearance of α-SYN-induced organelle toxicities, reduction in cellular ROS levels, and reversal of cellular senescence.

Prevalence and patterns of helmet use among motorized two-wheelers: findings from a large observational study in an Indian metropolis.

Motorized two-wheeler users account for 45% of road fatalities in 2021 in India. Correct helmet use decreases the risk of fatalities, but information about the prevalence of correct helmet use is limited in the Indian context. This study aims to assess the prevalence of helmet use and factors associated with correct helmet use among motorized two-wheeler users in Bengaluru city, India.

Practical approaches to diagnosing PitNETs/adenomas based on cell lineage.

The evolution of classification systems of pituitary adenomas (now PitNETs) has culminated in the use of transcription factor (TF) immunohistochemistry (IHC), forming a cell lineage-based system. However, several issues remain to be addressed, including the additional financial and logistic burden of undertaking the complete array of anterior pituitary hormones and TF IHC. To that end, several groups have suggested algorithms to minimise the number of tests performed, with varying levels of diagnostic accuracy.

Electroencephalographic outcomes and predictors of epilepsy in autoimmune encephalitis.

Background: An abnormal EEG is pivotal in diagnosis, exclusion of mimickers and prognosticating epilepsy in Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE). However, little is known about the short and long term electroencephalographic outcomes and predictors of epilepsy in AE. This study aims to describe the seizure characteristics and electrophysiological markers of various AE subtypes and assess the clinical and electrophysiological predictors of autoimmune epilepsy.

Metachronous intracranial meningiomas without dural attachment in a child - Rare case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Meningiomas in children are rare, constituting less than 5% of all paediatric brain tumours and less than 2% of all meningiomas. Multiple meningiomas (synchronous or metachronous) are even more uncommon, typically occurring due to radiation exposure or in patients with phacomatoses like Neurofibromatosis II. This report presents the case of a child with metachronous meningiomas without dural attachment in unusual locations, along with their management.

Surgical outcome of sinodural meningiomas.

Introduction: Meningiomas located in the posterior fossa and involving the sinodural angle at the junction of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses are uncommon and present unique challenges due to their complex anatomical location. Despite their distinctive features, they are frequently categorized with tentorial meningiomas in the literature.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care center involved 64 patients with sinodural meningiomas who underwent surgical treatment between 2010 and 2023.

Moyamoya Disease: A Rare Presentation and Literature Review.

Moyamoya disease is a rare vasculopathy involving the vessels of the central nervous system, predominantly the internal carotid arteries. A 21-year-old female patient from the Murshidabad district of West Bengal presented to us with an altered sensorium. She was referred to us from another hospital in Kolkata, where she was diagnosed and being treated as a case of ischemic stroke 2 weeks prior to the presentation.