Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions to Antiseizure Medications.

Discontinuation of antiseizure medications (ASMs), primarily prompted by adverse effects, presents a formidable challenge in the management of epilepsy, and impacting up to 25% of patients. This article thoroughly explores the clinical spectrum of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) associated with commonly prescribed ASMs. Ranging from mild maculopapular rashes to life-threatening conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), the diverse manifestations are meticulously detailed.

The effects of vitamin D levels on physical, mental health, and sleep quality in adults: a comprehensive investigation.

Background: Vitamin D, essential hormone for endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine functions. A billion people are deficient globally which contributing to numerous health issues. This study explores the link between vitamin D levels and sleep quality, impacting mental and physical health in adults.

Effects of Vitamin D and E Supplementation on Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) in Premature Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) has a multifactorial etiology. Vitamin E and vitamin D play an important role in lung development and can potentially be beneficial in the prevention of BPD.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the risk of BPD occurrence in preterm neonates supplemented with vitamin D or E versus those who did not get supplementation.

Predictors of anastomotic leak and conduit necrosis after oesophagectomy: Results from the oesophago-gastric anastomosis audit (OGAA).

Background: Both anastomotic leak (AL) and conduit necrosis (CN) after oesophagectomy are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the identification of preoperative, modifiable risk factors is desirable. The aim of this study was to generate a risk scoring model for AL and CN after oesophagectomy.

Thyroid markers and body composition predict LDL-cholesterol change in lean healthy women on a ketogenic diet: experimental support for the lipid energy model.

Introduction: There is a large heterogeneity in LDL-cholesterol change among individuals adopting ketogenic diets. Interestingly, lean metabolically healthy individuals seem to be particularly susceptible, with an inverse association between body mass index and LDL-cholesterol change. The lipid energy model proposes that, in lean healthy individuals, carbohydrate restriction upregulates systemic lipid trafficking to meet energy demands.

Family long QT syndrome type 2 associated with gene mutation: aborted sudden cardiac death.

A complete screening was performed in a family after one of its members presented with a sudden cardiac death event. A genetic analysis revealed a mutation that led to a long QT syndrome.

Renal Glucose Release after Unilateral Renal Denervation during a Hypoglycemic Clamp in Pigs with an Altered Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis after Late-Gestational Dexamethasone Injection.

Previously, we demonstrated in pigs that renal denervation halves glucose release during hypoglycaemia and that a prenatal dexamethasone injection caused increased ACTH and cortisol concentrations as markers of a heightened hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPAA) during hypoglycaemia. In this study, we investigated the influence of an altered HPAA on renal glucose release during hypoglycaemia. Pigs whose mothers had received two late-gestational dexamethasone injections were subjected to a 75 min hyperinsulinaemic-hypoglycaemic clamp (<3 mmol/L) after unilateral surgical denervation.

Association of the rs7557402 Polymorphism with Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure Failure in Premature Newborns under Pharmacological Treatment with Ibuprofen.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is frequent in preterm newborns, and its incidence is inversely associated with the degree of prematurity. The first choice of pharmacological treatment is ibuprofen. Several genes, including , have been proposed as probable markers associated with a genetic predisposition for the development of PDA in preterm infants.

Potential Role of Carbon Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Malignant Brain Gliomas.

Malignant gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults up to an extent of 78% of all primary malignant brain tumors. However, total surgical resection is almost unachievable due to the considerable infiltrative ability of glial cells. The efficacy of current multimodal therapeutic strategies is, furthermore, limited by the lack of specific therapies against malignant cells, and, therefore, the prognosis of these in patients is still very unfavorable.

The Development of Dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Damage, and the Protective Effects of Curcuminoids.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health problem that is constantly growing. This disease presents a diverse symptomatology that implies complex therapeutic management. One of its characteristic symptoms is dyslipidemia, which becomes a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases and increases the mortality of CKD patients.

Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on 5/6Nx Hypertriglyceridemia: Association with the Improvement of Renal Mitochondrial β-Oxidation and Lipid Metabolism in Kidney and Liver.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is constantly increasing, and dyslipidemia in this disease is characteristic, favoring cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms of CKD dyslipidemia are not fully understood. The use of curcumin (CUR) in CKD models such as 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) has shown multiple beneficial effects, so it has been proposed to correct dyslipidemia without side effects.

Prevalence of Dental Caries With Salivary Assessment in Six to Twelve Years Old School-Going Children in Shahpura Tehsil, Jaipur.

Introduction Dental caries is a chronic, infectious, and irreversible disease of the calcified tissues of teeth, which demineralises the inorganic portion and destroys the organic substance of the tooth, which often leads to cavitation. Epidemiological studies measuring the prevalence and severity of dental caries have used modified versions of Klein and colleagues' decayed, missing, and filled (DMF) or Gruebbel's decayed, extraction indicated, and filled (def) indexes; however, these indexes only capture cavitated lesions. Saliva plays a vital role in caries prevention; significant reduction or deterioration of salivary function can aggravate the development of dental caries.

Infection Induces BCSFB Disruption but No BBB Disruption In Vivo: Implications in the Pathophysiology of Tuberculous Meningitis.

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is the most lethal and devastating form among the diseases caused by . The mechanisms by which bacilli enter the CNS are still unclear. However, the BBB and the BCSFB have been proposed as possible routes of access into the brain.

Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Enhance Tumor Aggressiveness in Experimental Lung Cancer Model: Important Role of Oxylipins.

Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer death worldwide; it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and bears poor prognosis. It has been shown that diet is an important environmental factor that contributes to the risk and mortality of several types of cancers. Intake of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs plays an important role in cancer risk and progression.

Fluoride contamination of groundwater and its threat to health of villagers and their domestic animals and agriculture crops in rural Rajasthan, India.

In India, Rajasthan is the largest state and has seven divisions, namely Ajmer, Bharatpur, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota and Udaipur. Villagers of these regions, generally, used groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes. The basic sources of groundwater in rural areas are hand pumps, step wells and borewells.

Clinical differentiation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Latin America and the Caribbean.

The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including medical and surgical treatments, in several countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.IBD is recognized as a global health problem because its incidence and prevalence have increased significantly over the last few years.This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 4714 patients with IBD diagnosed from 9 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean: Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

Latin American consensus on the quality indicators for comprehensive care clinics for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: PANCCO-GETECCU.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and incurable entity. The aim of the Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (PANCCO) is to create awareness of IBD, with special emphasis on Latin America, and the primary objective of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU, the Spanish acronym) is to obtain the accreditation of the clinical and therapeutic criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of IBD.

Aim: To carry out a consensus for evaluating the approval criteria that a Comprehensive Care Clinic for Latin American IBD patients must meet, to be considered a center of excellence.