The Influence of the Strain Rate on Texture Formation During the Plane Strain Compression of AZ80 Magnesium Alloy.

Controlling microstructure and texture development is a key approach to improving the formability of magnesium alloys. In this study, the effects of the strain rate and initial texture on the texture evolution of magnesium alloys during high-temperature processing are investigated. The plane strain compression of three types of AZ80 magnesium alloys with different initial textures was assessed at 723 K and a train rate of 0.

A Potent Antibacterial Peptide (P6) from the De Novo Transcriptome of the Microalga .

Marine microalgae are a rich source of natural products, and their amino acid-based antimicrobial agents are usually obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis, which is inefficient and limits the research on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from microalgae. In this study, is used as a model to predict antimicrobial peptides through high-throughput methods, and 471 putative peptides are identified based on the de novo transcriptome technique. Among them, three short peptides, P1, P6, and P7 were found to have antimicrobial activity against , , , and yeast , and they showed no hemolytic activity even at higher concentrations up to 10 mg/mL.

Genetic Variants Affecting FADS2 Enzyme Dynamics and Gene Expression in Cogenetic Oysters with Different PUFA Levels Provide New Tools to Improve Unsaturated Fatty Acids.

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are crucial for human health and cannot be produced internally. Bivalves, such as oysters, serve as valuable sources of high-quality PUFAs. The enzyme fatty acid desaturase (FADS) plays a key role in the metabolism of LC-PUFAs.

Apoptosis-Inducing and Proliferation-Inhibiting Effects of Doramectin on Mz-ChA-1 Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cells.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that emerges in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. Doramectin (DOR), a third-generation derivative of avermectins (AVMs), is renowned for its low toxicity and high efficiency. However, no research has hitherto focused on the anti-cholangiocarcinoma effects of these drugs.

A New Bivalve Species of the Genus J. E. Gray, 1828 (Bivalvia, Venerida, Cyrenoidea, Glauconomidae), from Shandong, China.

The family Glauconomidae has few species, limited molecular data description, and insufficient research attention. The biodiversity of Glauconomidae within China deserves further exploration. In recent years, the taxonomic status of Glauconomidae has undergone changes, and some studies have found a close relationship between Glauconomidae and the family Cyrenidae based on molecular data, suggesting that Glauconomidae should be classified under the superfamily Cyrenoidea.

Bioactive Compounds Isolated from a Marine Sponge Selectively Inhibit .

Background/objectives: is the third most common sexually transmitted infection (STI), which may become untreatable soon if resistance continues to drastically increase. Due to increases in resistance to recommended antibiotics, alternative sources of novel compounds to combat this threat are being explored. Interestingly, marine sponges have proven to produce a plethora of bioactive compounds that display anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial activity.

Identification of Marine Compounds Inhibiting NF-κBInducing Kinase Through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) plays a pivotal role in regulating both the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways, driving the expression of proteins involved in inflammation, immune responses, and cell survival. Overactivation of NIK is linked to various pathological conditions, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer progression. As such, NIK represents a compelling target for therapeutic intervention in these diseases.

Involvement of Metalloproteases in the Fertilization of the Ascidian .

We previously reported that five astacin-like metalloproteases with thrombospondin type-1 repeats (Tasts) located on the sperm surface are a promising candidate as the protease involved in sperm penetration of the vitelline coat (VC) during fertilization of the ascidian type A (Phlebobranchia). However, whether such a protease is involved in the fertilization of other ascidians is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of four metalloprotease inhibitors on the fertilization of the ascidian (Stolidobranchia).

Effect of Blood Orange ( L. Osbeck) Peel Waste as a Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Response in Juvenile Black Rockfish ().

This study evaluated bioactive compounds in blood orange ( (L.) Osbeck) peel (BOP) as dietary additives. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, and immune response of juvenile black rockfish.

Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Purine Compounds Synergistically Inducing Larval Settlement in Using Multi-Group Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis.

Most benthic marine invertebrates exhibit a characteristic biphasic life cycle, consisting of a planktonic larval stage followed by a benthic adult stage [...

Abundance, Size Structure, and Growth of the Invasive Blue Crab in the Lesina Lagoon, Southern Adriatic Sea.

The fishery biology of the invasive Atlantic blue crab in the Mediterranean Sea outside the eastern sectors of the basin has been only recently investigated. Here we studied the population of in the Lesina Lagoon (Adriatic Sea, SE Italy). In total, 838 crabs were captured monthly between February 2021 and January 2022 using fyke nets.

Seasonal Water-Column Structure Drives the Trophic Niche of Fish Communities on a Temperate Continental Shelf.

In seasonally stratified marine environments, the dynamics of benthic-pelagic coupling plays a crucial role in shaping food web structures and fisheries production. We examined fish food web structures across three distinct shelf areas in the Southern Sea of Korea (SSK) during both stratified (summer) and mixed (spring) water conditions using stable isotopes of carbon (δC) and nitrogen (δN). In spring, fish communities exhibited a broader range of δC values compared with summer, indicating more diverse feeding strategies.

A Comprehensive Assessment of the Nutritional Value, Antioxidant Potential, and Genetic Diversity of from Three Different Regions in China.

is one of the largest species of penaeid shrimp. It has a wide distribution of germplasm resources in the South China Sea and the southeastern coastal regions of China, yet its germplasm characteristics remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, we conducted analyses of basic nutritional components, amino acids, fatty acids, antioxidant indices, and genetic diversity in three populations (FmRP, FmSZ, FmSY).

A Diverse Community in Ría de Vigo (Northwestern Spain).

The genus is genetically and ecologically diverse, resulting in severe economic losses in aquacultural macroalgae and animals. Studies on vibrios will contribute to the conservation of aquatic aquaculture in Ría de Vigo (Spain), which is famous for its shellfish farming activity. However, limited research focused on the diversity and distribution of spp.

Detection of amino thiols from fish samples by stable isotope chemical labelling coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The amino thiols are key antioxidants in organisms, and their detection in food is of significant importance. This study developed a new stable isotope chemical labelling coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to detect six amino thiols from fish samples. By the proposed method, amino thiols were labeled after liquid extraction using the stable isotope labeling reagents of iodoacetamide (IAM) and D-IAM.

microGalaxy: A gateway to tools, workflows, and training for reproducible and FAIR analysis of microbial data.

Microbial research generates vast and complex data from diverse omics technologies, necessitating innovative analytical solutions. microGalaxy (Galaxy for Microbiology) addresses these needs with a user-friendly platform that integrates >220 tool suites and >65 curated workflows for microbial analyses, including taxonomic profiling, assembly, annotation, and functional analysis. Hosted on the main EU Galaxy server (microgalaxy.

Synthesis of single-crystalline sp-carbon-linked covalent organic frameworks through imine-to-olefin transformation.

sp-carbon-linked covalent organic frameworks (spc-COFs) are crystalline porous polymers with repeat organic units linked by sp carbons, and have attracted increasing interest due to their robust skeleton and tunable semiconducting properties. Single-crystalline spc-COFs with well-defined structures can represent an ideal platform for investigating fundamental physics properties and device performance. However, the robust olefin bonds inhibit the reversible-reaction-based crystal self-correction, thus yielding polycrystalline or amorphous polymers.

A global meta-analysis of gillnet bycatch of toothed whales: Mitigation measures and research gaps.

Odontocetes are globally distributed and are foundational to the structure and function of marine food webs, and hence bycatch impacts from gillnet fishing need to be considered in the context of their conservation and population viability. Currently, global gillnet bycatch numbers are unknown yet are estimated to be the greatest in Asia, East Africa, and the west coasts of North and South America. Here we provide the first global meta-analyses of small- and large-scale gillnet bycatch estimates of odontocetes during 1990-2020, compiling population size, estimated gillnet bycatch, and conservation status in support of geographical and species-specific risk estimates.

Mitigation of high-fat diet-induced sarcopenia by fruit extracts via autophagic flux and mitochondrial quality control.

Unlabelled: Sarcopenic obesity, encompassing both muscle wasting and obesity, is relevant across individuals. (TS) has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolisms. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of TS fruit (TSF) in sarcopenic obesity are unclear.

Climate Change Influences via Species Distribution Shifts and Century-Scale Warming in an End-To-End California Current Ecosystem Model.

Climate change can impact marine ecosystems through many biological and ecological processes. Ecosystem models are one tool that can be used to simulate how the complex impacts of climate change may manifest in a warming world. In this study, we used an end-to-end Atlantis ecosystem model to compare and contrast the effects of climate-driven species redistribution and projected temperature from three separate climate models on species of key commercial importance in the California Current Ecosystem.

Cold-active enzymes from deep marine psychrophiles: harnessing their potential in enhanced food production and sustainability.

Exploring the untapped potential of deep-sea microorganisms, particularly their cold-active enzymes, or psychrozymes, offers exciting possibilities for revolutionizing various aspects of the food processing industry. This review focuses on these enzymes, derived from the largely unexplored depths of the deep ocean, where microorganisms have developed unique adaptations to extreme conditions. Psychrozymes, as bioactive molecules, hold significant promise for food industry applications.

Ascorbic acid transporter MmSLC23A2 functions to inhibit apoptosis via ROS scavenging in hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) under acute hypo-salinity stress.

Solute carrier family 23 (SLC23) mediates cellular uptake of ascorbic acid, a crucial antioxidant protecting organisms against oxidative stress. Despite advances in understanding SLC23 in mammals, its physiological roles in bivalves remain poorly understood. Notably, euryhaline bivalves exhibit a significant expansion and positive selection of SLC23, highlighting the need for deeper investigation.

Acute and chronic detrimental effects induced by short-chain chlorinated paraffins in the marine mysid Neomysis awatschensis.

To determine the potentially detrimental impacts of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), we conducted assessments of acute effects on 96-h survival rate and biochemical markers, as well as chronic and multigenerational impacts on growth and reproduction over three generations in the marine mysid, Neomysis awatschensis. Dose-dependent increase of mortality was measured in both juvenile and adult mysids for 96 h. Exposure to the LC10 value (derived from the 96-h acute toxicity value) significantly reduced feeding activity in juveniles, accompanied by a significant elevation in oxidative stress and a reduction in acetylcholinesterase activity.