The strict regulation of HIF-1α by non-coding RNAs: new insight towards proliferation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance strategies.

The hypoxic environment is prominently witnessed in most solid tumors and is associated with the promotion of cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis of tumor cells. All the effects are mediated by the expression of a transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). HIF-1α transcriptionally modulates the expression of genes responsible for all the aforementioned functions.

Ameliorative effect of selenium nanoparticles on testicular toxicity induced by cisplatin in adult male rats.

Cisplatin (Cis) is a treatment for testicular germ-cell tumors (TGCTs). Unfortunately, it causes testicular toxicity due to releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing damage to testicular cells and chromosomes. The current study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against cisplatin testicular toxicity in male rats by assessment of body weight, testis weight, oxidative stress markers in testis homogenates as (malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione reduced (GSH), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH ∼ PX) and Catalase (CAT)), gene expression, testosterone concentration (T), sperm characteristics (count, motility and abnormality) and testicular histopathology.

The role and mechanism of action of microRNA-122 in cancer: Focusing on the liver.

microRNA-122 (miR-122) is a highly conserved microRNA that is predominantly expressed in the liver and plays a critical role in the regulation of liver metabolism. Recent studies have shown that miR-122 is involved in the pathogenesis of various types of cancer, particularly liver cancer. In this sense, The current findings highlighted the potential role of miR-122 in regulating many vital processes in cancer pathophysiology, including apoptosis, signaling pathway, cell metabolism, immune system response, migration, and invasion.

Novel Photodynamic/Photothermal Treatment of Fungal Keratitis Using Rose Bengal-Loaded Polypyrrole-Gold Nanoparticles in Wistar Albino Rats.

Fungal keratitis is a potential corneal contagious disease mainly caused by yeast such as and filamentous fungi such as The response of fungal keratitis to standard antifungals is limited by the poor bioavailability, the limited ocular penetration of antifungal drugs, and the development of microbial resistance. Photodynamic therapy using rose bengal (RB) as a photosensitizer was found to be effective in fungal keratitis management; however, the hydrophilicity of RB limits its corneal penetration. Polypyrrole-coated gold nanoparticles (AuPpy NP) were introduced as a nano-delivery system of RB with high loading capacity.

A new perspective on quantitative assessment of photodynamic therapy mediated hydrogel nanocomposite in wound healing using objective biospeckle and morphological local-gradient.

Skin wounding is a serious public health issue, especially when considering factors that accelerate tissue recovery. Consequently, the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an effective wound-healing treatment has attracted more scientific attention. Although assessing the wound healing rate is crucial for appropriate monitoring of the probability of wound healing and evaluating the treatment efficiency, the currently used techniques lack the ability to provide such information.

Discriminating two bacteria via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and artificial neural network.

Rapid and successful clinical diagnosis and bacterial infection treatment depend on accurate identification and differentiation between different pathogenic bacterial species. A lot of efforts have been made to utilize modern techniques which avoid the laborious work and time-consuming of conventional methods to fulfill this task. Among such techniques, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can tell much about bacterial identity and functionality.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against and Using Nanoemulsion-Encapsulated Zinc Phthalocyanine.

Multidrug-resistant microorganisms have become a significant public health threat, and traditional antibiotics are becoming ineffective. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative that utilizes photosensitizers and light to produce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that can kill microorganisms. Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) is a promising photosensitizer due to its strong affinity for encapsulation in nanoemulsions and its antimicrobial properties.

The roles of artificial intelligence techniques for increasing the prediction performance of important parameters and their optimization in membrane processes: A systematic review.

Membrane-based separation processes has been recently of significant global interest compared to other conventional separation approaches due to possessing undeniable advantages like superior performance, environmentally-benign nature and simplicity of application. Computational simulation of fluids has shown its undeniable role in modeling and simulation of numerous physical/chemical phenomena including chemical engineering, chemical reaction, aerodynamics, drug delivery and plasma physics. Definition of fluids can be occurred using the Navier-Stokes equations, but solving the equations remains an important challenge.

Design and optimization of highly sensitive multi-band terahertz metamaterial biosensor for coronaviruses detection.

This study presents the design and characterization of a highly Q-Factor and ultrasensitive THz refractive-index-based metamaterial biosensor for detecting coronaviruses at electronic infusion device (EID) concentrations and . The proposed biosensor is constructed using a gold plane perforated by a star shape. Moreover, the developed structure is polarization insensitive due to the rotatory symmetry and is angularly stable up to 90°.

An Environmental-friendly Procedure Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent for Extraction and Determination of Toxic Elements in Fish Species from Different Regions of Iraq.

In this study, an eco-friendly procedure was established by vortex-assisted liquid-phase microextraction based on deep eutectic solvent (VA-LPME-DES) combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS). The performance of this method was demonstrated by the extraction and analysis of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) in fish samples. The hydrophobic DES is considered as a green extractant (environmentally friendly and less toxic than common organic solvents) and is a suitable alternative to common toxic organic solvents and is made of l-menthol and ethylene glycol (EG) with a molar ratio of 1:1.

Enhancing the antibacterial effect of iron oxide and silver nanoparticles by extremely low frequency electric fields (ELF-EF) against .

is the cause of many infectious and inflammatory diseases and a lot of studies aim to discover alternative ways for infection control and treatment rather than antibiotics. This work attempts to reduce bacterial activity and growth characteristics of using nanoparticles (iron oxide nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles) and extremely low frequency electric fields (ELF-EF). Bacterial suspensions of were used to prepare the samples, which were evenly divided into groups.

Effect of target thickness and laser irradiance on the back-reflection-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy signal in glass.

In the work that is being presented here, the effect of sample thickness and laser irradiance on the reduction of the signal-to-background ratio SBG and the plasma parameters, specifically electron temperature and electron density, is being investigated using back-reflection-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (BRELIBS). Copper and silver discs that had been highly polished were attached to the back surface of the glass target, and the Nd-YAG laser beam that was focused on the front surface of the target was tuned to its fundamental wavelength. The thicknesses of the transparent glass samples that were analysed were 1 mm, 3 mm, and 6 mm.

Influence of Nanocurcumin and Photodynamic Therapy Using Nanocurcumin in Treatment of Rat Tongue Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Histological Examination and Gene Expression of BCL2 and Caspase-3.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common mouth cancer in the world. The aim of the present study is comparing the effects of using Nanocurcumin, and photodynamic therapy (PDT), alone or together in treatment of OSCC in rats.

Methods: Forty Wister male rats were divided into Control (group 1), 650 nm diode Laser only (group 2), Nanocurcumin alone (group 3), and PDT with a combination of laser with Nanocurcumin (group 4).

Inside-Out Surgical Anatomy of Superior Laryngeal Artery Endoscopic Dissection and Proposal for Nomenclature of Branches.

Objectives: To describe the inside out surgical anatomy of the superior laryngeal artery and to resolve the ambiguities in the nomenclature of its main branches.

Study Design: Endoscopic dissection of the superior laryngeal artery in the paraglottic space of larynges of fresh frozen cadavers and a review of the literature.

Setting: A center for anatomy encompassing facilities for latex injection into the cervical arteries of human donor bodies and a laryngeal dissection station equipped with a video-guided endoscope and a 3-dimensional camera.

Photodynamic Activity of TMPyP4/TiO Complex under Blue Light in Human Melanoma Cells: Potential for Cancer-Selective Therapy.

The combination of TiO nanoparticles (NPs) and photosensitizers (PS) may offer significant advantages in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of melanoma, such as improved cell penetration, enhanced ROS production, and cancer selectivity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the photodynamic effect of 5,10,15,20-(Tetra-N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin tetratosylate (TMPyP4) complexes with TiO NPs on human cutaneous melanoma cells by irradiation with 1 mW/cm blue light. The porphyrin conjugation with the NPs was analyzed by absorption and FTIR spectroscopy.

Evaluating the efficacy of Nd:YAG fourth harmonic (266 nm) in comparison with ArF excimer (193 nm) in laser corneal reshaping: ex vivo pilot study.

Purpose: Laser corneal reshaping is a common eye surgery utilized to overcome many vision disorders. Different UV laser wavelengths can be effective in the treatment. However, the ArF excimer laser (193 nm) is the most commonly used due to its high absorption in the cornea.

Metal-based-oxide nanoparticles assisted the culture growth of as micronutrients: essential metabolic processes and genetic stability.

The present study evaluates the culture growth rate of upon using nano metal-based-oxides such as hematite (FeO NPs), zinc oxide (ZnO NPs), and manganese oxide (MnO NPs) nanoparticles as analogues of three primary micronutrients such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn), which exist in soil as micronutrients. Herein, the culture growth rate was investigated using three different concentrations (, 20, 40, and 60 mg L) of as-prepared metal oxide nanoparticles compared to the control. In addition, the as-prepared nanoparticles have been prepared the co-precipitation method.

Laser-Induced Smoke in Dermatologic Practice: A Survey to Explore Hazard Perceptions, Safety Measures and Unmet Needs.

Inhalation of laser-induced smoke is a potential health hazard to exposed physicians and laser operators. To date, little is known about the perception of health hazards related to laser-induced smoke exposure among physicians and the actual use of safety measures to mitigate these risks. In May 2020, 514 members of the European Society for Lasers and Energy-Based Devices (ESLD) were invited by email to participate in an online survey.

Hyperdoped Si nanocrystals embedded in silica for infrared plasmonics.

We present the experimental realization of plasmonic hyperdoped Si nanocrystals embedded in silica a combination of sequential low energy ion implantation and rapid thermal annealing. We show that phosphorus dopants are incorporated into the nanocrystal cores at concentrations up to six times higher than P solid solubility in bulk Si by combining 3D mapping with atom probe tomography and analytical transmission electron microscopy. We shed light on the origin of nanocrystal growth at high P doses, which we attribute to Si recoiling atoms generated in the matrix by P implantation, which likely increase Si diffusivity and feed the Si nanocrystals.

Modeling optical fluence and diffuse reflectance distribution in normal and cancerous breast tissues exposed to planar and Gaussian NIR beam shapes using Monte Carlo simulation.

Precise knowledge about light propagation in biological tissues is necessary for accurate diagnostics and effective therapies utilizing optical technologies. In the current paper, the Monte Carlo simulation is applied to study light dispersion in normal and cancerous breast after irradiating to different laser beam shapes. Two distinct laser wavelengths (800-1100 nm) with planar and Gaussian shapes were employed.

Efficacy of Fractional Carbon Dioxide (CO) Laser versus Q-Switched Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) and Potassium-Titanyl-Phosphate (KTP) Lasers in the Treatment of Acanthosis Nigricans.

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a common chronic skin disorder clinically presents by velvety hyperpigmented lesions mainly at the flexural areas. Fractional photothermolysis has been reported to improve both pigmentary and textural changes by removing thin layers of skin with minimal thermal damage. Other options are the Q-switched (Qs) Nd:YAG (1064 nm) and Qs KTP (532 nm) lasers.

Using Femtosecond Laser Light-Activated Materials: The Biomimetic Dentin Remineralization Was Monitored by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy.

: The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the effects of the antimicrobial agents and bioactive glass nanoparticles activated by femtosecond laser light on the biomimetic dentin remineralization using teeth having carious dentin ICDAS code 3. : A total of 27 dentin surface samples were divided into three groups: the first group was treated with a extract, while the second group was treated with bioactive glass nanoparticles, and as for the control group, the third group received no additional agent. All groups were subjected to femtosecond laser light at three different wavelengths: 390 nm, 445 nm, and 780 nm.