Pregnancy outcomes according to the definition of gestational diabetes.

Objective: To assess the frequency and perinatal outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined by the criteria according to the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) diagnostic criteria for GDM.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Six secondary and tertiary delivery hospitals in Finland in 2009.

Fracture risk after three bariatric surgery procedures in Swedish obese subjects: up to 26 years follow-up of a controlled intervention study.

Background: Previous studies have reported an increased fracture risk after bariatric surgery.

Objective: To investigate the association between different bariatric surgery procedures and fracture risk.

Methods: Incidence rates and hazard ratios for fracture events were analysed in the Swedish Obese Subjects study; an ongoing, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled intervention study.

Tracking of Serum DHEAS Concentrations from Age 1 to 6 Years: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Context: Adrenarche is a gradual process, but its programming is unknown.

Objective: The objective of this article is to examine the trajectory of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) from age 1 to 6 years and the associations of early growth with DHEAS concentration by age 6 years.

Design And Participants: Longitudinal data from a population sample of 78 children (43 girls) with serum samples for DHEAS and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) measurements available at ages 1 and 6 years.

Congenital anomalies in the offspring of women with total hip replacement: a nationwide register study in Finland.

Background: Few previous studies have analysed the possible teratogenic effect of maternal total hip replacement (THR) on congenital anomalies. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of major congenital anomalies in the offspring of women with THR. Furthermore, we compared the risks based on type of implant (metal-on-metal [MoM]/non-MoM).

Maternal Vitamin D Levels and the Risk of Offspring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: Recent evidence has highlighted the importance of vitamin D in the development of the central nervous system. Some studies have shown an association between maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms based on parent or teacher ratings. There are no previous studies on early pregnancy 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the risk of diagnosed offspring ADHD.

Opioid-related deaths in Europe: Strategies for a comprehensive approach to address a major public health concern.

Use of illicit opioids and misuse of prescription opioids are the main causes of drug-related deaths across the world, and the continuing rise in opioid-related mortality, especially affecting North America, Australia and Europe, is a public health challenge. Strategies that may help to decrease the high levels of opioid-related mortality and morbidity and improve care across Europe include risk assessment and interventions to improve the use of opioid analgesics, e.g.

Multivariate Genome-wide Association Analysis of a Cytokine Network Reveals Variants with Widespread Immune, Haematological, and Cardiometabolic Pleiotropy.

Cytokines are essential regulatory components of the immune system, and their aberrant levels have been linked to many disease states. Despite increasing evidence that cytokines operate in concert, many of the physiological interactions between cytokines, and the shared genetic architecture that underlies them, remain unknown. Here, we aimed to identify and characterize genetic variants with pleiotropic effects on cytokines.

Association of Bariatric Surgery With Skin Cancer Incidence in Adults With Obesity: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: Obesity is a cancer risk factor, and bariatric surgery in patients with obesity is associated with reduced cancer risk. However, evidence of an association among obesity, bariatric surgery, and skin cancer, including melanoma, is limited.

Objective: To investigate the association of bariatric surgery with skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma) and melanoma incidence.

Craving in Opioid Use Disorder: From Neurobiology to Clinical Practice.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major public health issue that has reached epidemic levels in some parts of the world. It is a chronic and complex neurobiological disease associated with frequent relapse to drug taking. Craving, defined as an overwhelmingly strong desire or need to use a drug, is a central component of OUD and other substance use disorders.

Frightening or Foolish? Gendered Perceptions of Public Intoxication Among Youths and Adults in Norway and Finland.

: What people define as acceptable alcohol use may differ between social situations and depend upon on who is drinking as well as who is evaluating the situation. : The aim of the study was to explore how Norwegian and Finnish youth and adults perceived the acceptability of situations involving public intoxication and how gender and alcohol's harm to others were made relevant in their reflections. : We conducted eight focus groups among adolescents ( = 44) and eight among adults ( = 38), using photos and stories of drinking situations as stimuli for the discussions.

Time trends in the incidence of diagnosed depression among people aged 5-25 years living in Finland 1995-2012.

Knowledge of time trends for depression is important for disease prevention and healthcare planning. Only a few studies have addressed these questions regarding the incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression from childhood to early adulthood and findings have been inconclusive. The aim of this national register-based Finnish study was to report the time trends of the age-specific and gender-specific incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression.

Increasing cultural awareness: qualitative study of nurses' perceptions about cultural competence training.

Background: Nowadays, healthcare professionals worldwide deliver care for increasing numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse patients. The importance of cultural competence is evident in terms of the quality of healthcare, and more knowledge is needed about different educational models and approaches that aim to increase cultural competence. This study examines the perceptions of nurses about the content and utility of cultural competence training that focuses on increasing awareness of one's own cultural features.

Training nursing home staff to improve residents' end-of-life care: design and baseline findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: We aim to describe the design, educational intervention, baseline findings and feasibility of our training intervention. Our trial will aim to improve the residents' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations.

Methods: We recruited 340 residents from 20 nursing home wards in Helsinki, and they were randomized into intervention and control groups.

BEST: Bypass equipoise sleeve trial; rationale and design of a randomized, registry-based, multicenter trial comparing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with sleeve gastrectomy.

Background: Laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGBP) is a well-documented surgical intervention for severe obesity. Recently, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has gained increased popularity. Short-term follow-up in limited-sized randomized trials comparing LGBP and LSG show no major differences in weight-loss, adverse events, or effect on comorbidities; however, there is a lack of sufficiently powered, pragmatic, randomized controlled trials comparing the mid- and long-term results of the two methods.

The Finnish psychiatric birth cohort consortium (PSYCOHORTS) - content, plans and perspectives.

Psychiatric disorders tend to be developmental, and longitudinal settings are required to examine predictors of psychiatric phenomena. Replicating and combining data and results from different birth cohorts, which are a source of reliable data, can make research even more valuable. The Finnish Psychiatric Birth Cohort Consortium PSYCOHORTS) project combines birth cohorts in Finland.

Effect of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes: A pilot study in Kuwait.

Aim: This pilot study in Kuwait was aimed to assess the effect of Sudarshan kriya yoga (SKY) on anxiety, depression and total quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: 26 T2DM patients aged greater than 30, male and female visiting the outpatient clinic of Dasman Diabetes Institute were enrolled for the study. Pre and post 5 day SKY intervention responses of participants on psychosocial problems were evaluated using four questionnaires (Hamilton anxiety, patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), Hospital anxiety depression and WHO total quality of life (QOL).

No effect of delivery on total hip replacement survival: a nationwide register study in Finland.

Background and purpose - Previous small studies have suggested that delivery does not adversely affect the survivorship of total hip replacement (THR). We investigated whether delivery after primary THR affects hip implant survivorship in a large population-based study sample Patients and methods - In this register-based nationwide cohort study, all women aged 15-45 who underwent primary THR in Finland from 1987 to 2007 were included from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register. Data on deliveries were obtained from the medical birth register.

Geographic Variation and Bias in the Polygenic Scores of Complex Diseases and Traits in Finland.

Polygenic scores (PSs) are becoming a useful tool to identify individuals with high genetic risk for complex diseases, and several projects are currently testing their utility for translational applications. It is also tempting to use PSs to assess whether genetic variation can explain a part of the geographic distribution of a phenotype. However, it is not well known how the population genetic properties of the training and target samples affect the geographic distribution of PSs.

Pregnancy-associated stroke -a systematic review of subsequent pregnancies and maternal health.

Background: Pregnancy-associated stroke is a rare but life-threatening event, with an estimated incidence of 30/100000 deliveries. Data on the risk of stroke recurrence and the risk of other adverse pregnancy outcomes are essential for adequate counselling and surveillance in subsequent pregnancies. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the implications of a pregnancy-associated stroke for the future health of these women.

Pregnancy outcome in women after total hip replacement: A population-based study.

Objective: Only a few small studies have been published on pregnancies after total hip replacement (THR), and they have reported no adverse pregnancy outcomes after THR. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether maternal THR affects pregnancy outcomes on a population-based level.

Study Design: Data for this nationwide register-based cohort study have been collected from four national registries in Finland from 1980 to 2007.

Work-related risk factors for sciatica leading to hospitalization.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the general strenuousness of work and various physical exposures on the risk of hospitalization for sciatica. The study population consisted of Finns aged 30 to 59 who had participated in a national health examination survey in 1978-80 (N = 3891). The participants were followed up until the end of 2011 and information on work-related determinants was acquired by a questionnaire.

Epidemiology and outcome of HIV patients in Finland co-infected with tuberculosis 1998-2015.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death in HIV patients worldwide. Here we describe the epidemiology and outcome of HIV-TB co-infections in a high-income country with low TB incidence and integrated HIV and TB therapy according to European guidelines.

Methods: This study was based on the HIV cohort of the Helsinki University Hospital which includes all HIV patients in the Helsinki region with a population of 1.

Long-term prognostic impact of hyperuricemia in community.

The debate whether an elevated level of serum uric acid (SUA) is an independent marker of cardiovascular risk is still going on. We examined morbidity and mortality related to SUA and hyperuricemia in a well-characterized population with very long follow-up. Study included 4696 participants (aged 30-59 years at baseline) of the coronary heart disease (CHD) Study of the Finnish Mobile Clinic Health Examination Survey.

Healthy diets and telomere length and attrition during a 10-year follow-up.

Background: Telomeres are repeats of DNA that contain the sequence TTAGGG at the ends of each chromosome, and their function is to protect DNA from damage. Little evidence exists regarding the relationship between dietary patterns and telomere length, especially derived applying longitudinal design. The aim was to study if overall dietary pattern is associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) or faster telomere attrition or both.