12,417 results match your criteria: "National Institute of Environmental Health[Affiliation]"

Evaluation of various mass spectrometry mode based on gas chromatography for quantifying the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in human urine.

J Chromatogr A

January 2025

China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China. Electronic address:

Hydroxyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) are frequently used as biomarkers to assess human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are typically present in minute concentrations in the human body. Although several studies have outlined methods for measuring OH-PAHs in human urine, these approaches may have limitations concerning the range of compounds detected, the sample volume required for pre-treatment, accuracy, and instrument maintenance costs. Advances in mass spectrometry technology have facilitated the use of various mass spectrometry modes based on gas chromatography.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The minimum mortality temperature (MMT) or MMT percentile (MMTP) is an indicator of population susceptibility to nonoptimum temperatures. MMT and MMTP change over time; however, the changing directions show region-wide heterogeneity. We examined the heterogeneity of temporal changes in MMT and MMTP across multiple communities and in multiple countries.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are fluorinated chemicals linked to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms, specifically their effects on maternal inflammatory processes, are not well characterized.

Objective: We examined associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and repeated measures of inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and four cytokines [Interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)].

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Basophils are rare immune cells that play vital roles in allergic reactions and defense against parasites, but how they activate and produce inflammation is not well understood, prompting research into RNA-binding proteins like tristetraprolin (TTP).
  • Through various experiments, including RNA sequencing and mRNA stability assays on TTP-deficient mice, the study found that without TTP, basophils produce more inflammatory molecules and have prolonged mRNA stability for these mediators.
  • The absence of TTP leads to increased allergic inflammation in a skin model, suggesting that targeting TTP could be a potential therapeutic approach for managing allergies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hippocampal area CA2 activity supports social investigation following an acute social stress.

Mol Psychiatry

November 2024

Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27713, USA.

Neuronal activity in the hippocampus is critical for many types of memory acquisition and retrieval and influences an animal's response to stress. Moreover, the molecularly distinct principal neurons of hippocampal area CA2 are required for social recognition memory and aggression in mice. To interrogate the effects of stress on CA2-dependent behaviors, we chemogenetically manipulated neuronal activity in vivo during an acute, socially derived stressor and tested whether memory for the defeat was influenced.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This study aimed to assess the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from various stationary and mobile emission sources in Taiwan, with a focus on source apportionment and associated health risks. The northern power plant, equipped with bag filters operating at 150 °C, had significantly lower FPM and CPM levels (0.44 and 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Most neurons are influenced by multiple neuromodulatory inputs that converge on common effectors. Mechanisms that route these signals are key to selective neuromodulation but are poorly understood. G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K (GIRK or Kir3) channels mediate postsynaptic inhibition evoked by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that signal via inhibitory G proteins.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Asking Why Is Necessary to Address Health Disparities: A Critical Approach for Solution-Oriented Environmental Epidemiological Research.

Environ Health Perspect

November 2024

Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.

Background: In environmental epidemiology, we use an array of tools from various, related disciplines to answer key questions about environmental exposures in relation to health outcomes. Typically, we ask questions related to what, who, where, when, and how. We value these questions because they contribute to novel scientific discovery and our understanding of disease etiology linked to environmental exposures.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A better understanding of the factors contributing to systemic concentrations of carotenoids is necessary given the weak correlations between circulating levels and dietary intake of carotenoids. Although genetic variation may play a key role in the interindividual variability in carotenoid concentrations, few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have focused on carotenoids. We used a random sample ( = 519) of postmenopausal participants in the Sister Study with data on genotypes and plasma carotenoid levels to conduct GWAS for each of five carotenoids (mcg/mL): alpha-carotene, beta- carotene, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: While COVID-19 continues to challenge the world, meteorological variables are thought to impact COVID-19 transmission. Previous studies showed evidence of negative associations between high temperature and absolute humidity on COVID-19 transmission. Our research aims to fill the knowledge gap on the modifying effect of vaccination rates and strains on the weather-COVID-19 association.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A genome-wide association study identifies genetic determinants of hemoglobin glycation index with implications across sex and ethnicity.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

November 2024

Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States.

Introduction: We investigated the genetic determinants of variation in the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI), an emerging biomarker for the risk of diabetes complications.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for HGI in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial ( = 7,913) using linear regression and additive genotype encoding on variants with minor allele frequency greater than 3%. We conducted replication analyses of top findings in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study with inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Conformational changes in a transcription factor can significantly affect its transcriptional activity. The activated form of the FOXM1 transcription factor regulates the transcriptional network of genes essential for cell cycle progression and carcinogenesis. However, the mechanism and impact of FOXM1 conformational change on its transcriptional activity in vivo throughout the cell cycle progression remain unexplored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate occupational and hobby exposures to silica, solvents, and heavy metals and the odds of having the idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) phenotypes dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) versus inclusion body myositis (IBM), lung disease plus fever or arthritis (LD+), and systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease-associated overlap myositis (OM).

Methods: The sample included 1,390 patients (598 with DM, 409 with PM, and 383 with IBM) aged ≥18 years from a national registry. Of these, 218 (16%) were identified with LD+, and 166 (12%) with OM.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neutrophil and mononuclear leukocyte pathways and upstream regulators revealed by serum proteomics of adult and juvenile dermatomyositis.

Arthritis Res Ther

November 2024

Environmental Autoimmunity Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, CRC Rm 6-5700, MSC 1301 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1301, USA.

Objectives: Serum protein abundance was assessed in adult and juvenile dermatomyositis (DM and JDM) patients to determine differentially regulated proteins, altered pathways, and candidate disease activity biomarkers.

Methods: Serum protein expression from 17 active adult DM and JDM patients each was compared to matched, healthy control subjects by a multiplex immunoassay. Pathway analysis and protein clustering of the differentially regulated proteins were examined to assess underlying mechanisms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Quantification of autoantibodies using a luminescent profiling method in autoimmune interstitial lung disease.

Front Immunol

November 2024

Environmental Autoimmunity Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Autoantibodies are important for the diagnosis of autoimmune interstitial lung disease (ILD). Standard immunoassays have limitations, including their qualitative nature and/or a narrow dynamic range of detection, hindering the usefulness of autoantibodies as biomarkers of disease activity. Here, the luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) was evaluated for measuring myositis-specific and other lung-related autoantibodies in 25 subjects with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), 26 with Sjögren's disease (SjD), and 10 healthy volunteers.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2) is a matricellular protein that plays important roles in connective tissue. CCN2 is also expressed in the nervous system; however, its role is still unclear. To explore CCN2 function in the brain, we generated forebrain-specific knockout (Fb KO) mice.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Fucoidan ameliorates rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in mice by regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Int J Biol Macromol

December 2024

National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China. Electronic address:

Microbiota-gut-brain axis, the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and the brain, has been increasingly appreciated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Fucoidan, a sulphate-rich polysaccharide, has been shown to be neuroprotective by reducing oxidative stress in PD models. However, the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in the neuroprotective activity of fucoidan has not been revealed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: Anti-TIF1γ autoantibodies are associated with malignancy in adult-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) and this risk is attenuated if patients are also positive for anti-specificity protein 4 (Sp4) or anti-cell division cycle apoptosis regulator protein 1 (CCAR1). In anti-TIF1γ positive US dermatomyositis (DM) patients, anti-Sp4 and anti-CCAR1 autoantibody frequencies are reported as 32% and 43% in adults and 9% and 19% in juveniles, respectively. This study aims to identify the frequency of anti-Sp4 and anti-CCAR1 in adult and juvenile UK anti-TIF1ƴ-positive myositis populations and report clinical associations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is on the rise, driven by various factors including more sensitive diagnostic criteria, increased awareness, enhanced technology through at-home testing enabling easy and cost-effective diagnosis, and a growing incidence of comorbid conditions such as obesity. Treating symptomatic patients with OSA syndrome to enhance quality of life remains a cornerstone approach. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding treatment to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, particularly in light of overall negative results from several randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicating no benefit of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on primary and secondary CVD events.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To determine the relationship between germline pathogenic variants (PV) in cancer predisposition genes and the risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

Experimental Design: Germline PV frequencies in breast cancer predisposition genes (ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDH1, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51C, and RAD51D) were compared between DCIS cases and unaffected controls and between DCIS and invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC) cases from a clinical testing cohort (n = 9,887), a population-based cohort (n = 3,876), and the UK Biobank (n = 2,421). The risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) for DCIS cases with PV was estimated in the population-based cohort.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Profiling the cancer-prone microenvironment in a zebrafish model for MPNST.

Oncogene

November 2024

Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Microenvironmental factors play a key yet unclear role in the progression of soft tissue sarcomas, especially during their onset.
  • A novel zebrafish model was developed to differentiate among microenvironmental, precancerous, and cancer cells, focusing on malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), which grow aggressively.
  • The study reveals that specific inflammatory signaling pathways are activated during the transition from precancerous to cancerous states, highlighting the role of macrophages and identifying periostin as a significant protein in MPNST progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The 2024 China report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: launching a new low-carbon, healthy journey.

Lancet Public Health

December 2024

Department of Earth Sciences and Department of Geography, and Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Electronic address:

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Editorial: Environmental impacts on women's health disparities and reproductive health: advancing environmental health equity in clinical and public health practice.

Front Reprod Health

October 2024

Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Mechanistic Toxicology Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, United States.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Natural History of Menstrual Pain and Associated Risk Factors in Early Adolescence.

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol

November 2024

Pediatric Neuroendocrinology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to explore the natural history of menstrual pain in young girls without pelvic issues, focusing on the role of progesterone and various risk factors over time.
  • Participants provided urine samples and filled out menstrual diaries to assess pain and hormonal levels.
  • Results indicated that older gynecologic age and higher progesterone levels were linked to increased menstrual pain, suggesting that progesterone may play a significant role in this condition.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF