52 results match your criteria: "National Institute of Crop Science-NICS[Affiliation]"

Temperature and relative humidity mediated life processes of species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Bull Entomol Res

October 2024

Crop Production Technology Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 50424 Miryang, Republic of Korea.

Anthropogenic-mediated climate change is expected to negatively affect pest management in agriculture. Hence, we investigated the oviposition, immature mortality, and developmental processes of species ( (Hübner) and (Fabricius)) under different temperatures (20, 25, and 30°C) and relative humidity (RH) (30-35, 50-55, 70-75, and 90-95%) conditions. For fecundity, mouths of each species were released into a rectangular box whose inner walls were covered with a sheet of white paper for each combination of temperature and RH.

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Background: Chronic inflammation, which becomes more prevalent during aging, contributes to sarcopenia by reducing muscle mass and strength.

Purpose: Wheat seedlings extract (WSE) is known for its various physiological activities, including anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects. However, its efficacy against sarcopenia is not well documented.

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The discovery of an anti-inflammatory monoterpenoid, neoroseoside from the Zea mays.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett

June 2024

Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

A new monoterpenoid, neoroseoside (1), along with two previously reported compounds, 2″-O-α-l-rhamnosyl-6-C-fucosylluteolin (2) and farobin A (3) were isolated from the Zea mays. The structure of compound 1 was determined through the analysis spectroscopic data, including mass spectrometry (MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. The absolute configurations of 1 were deduced from the comparing the values of optical rotations and from the interpretation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

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Unlabelled: In this study, malt was produced in pilot-scale facilities and conditioned using three barley ( L.) cultivars in South Korea (Heugho, Hopum, and Kwangmaeg). Quality and starch characteristics were compared.

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Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene by plasma-activated Bacillus strain.

Chemosphere

February 2024

Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.

Plastic biodegradation by microorganisms is an eco-friendly and sustainable method without any ramifications. Herein, we used a cultivation method and 16S rRNA sequencing to screen bacteria that can efficiently colonize and degrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE) from various plastic wastes. We identified Bacillus safensis BS-10L through whole-genome sequencing analysis and verified its LDPE-degradation ability.

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Rice-Based Gluten-Free Foods and Technologies: A Review.

Foods

November 2023

Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), 126 Suin-ro, Kwonseon-gu, Suwon 16429, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.

Rice, one of the most widely consumed staples worldwide, serves as a versatile gluten-free substitute. However, review articles on technological developments in grain-free production focusing on rice are scarce. This review assesses various research results concerning the quality attributes of rice-based gluten-free foods, including bread, pasta, and beer.

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This study aimed to explore suitable processing materials for rice beer (RB) production by analyzing the starch structure of the raw materials utilized for brewing beer and the quality characteristics of RB. We used malt, employing the Heugho cultivar as the main ingredient, and produced beer containing 30% rice. The regular amylose-containing cultivars Samgwang (SA) and Hangaru (HA) and the high-amylose-containing cultivar Dodamssal (DO) were used as adjuncts.

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Rice is a major source of carbohydrates. Resistant starch (RS) is digested in the human small intestine but fermented in the large intestine. This study investigated the effect of consuming heat-treated and powdered brown rice cultivars 'Dodamssal' (HBD) and 'Ilmi' (HBI), with relatively high and less than 1% RS content, respectively, on the regulation of glucose metabolism in humans.

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Pathogen effectors can suppress various plant immune responses, suggesting that they have multiple targets in the host. To understand the mechanisms underlying plasma membrane-associated and effector-mediated immunity, we screened the Phytophthora capsici RxLR cell death-inducer suppressing immune system (CRISIS). We found that the cell death induced by the CRISIS2 effector in Nicotiana benthamiana was inhibited by the irreversible plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMA) activator fusicoccin.

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Pathogens often induce cell death for their successful proliferation in the host plant. Plasma membrane H-ATPases (PMAs) are targeted by either pathogens or plant immune receptors in immune response regulation. Although PMAs play pivotal roles in host cell death, the molecular mechanism of effector-mediated regulation of PMA activity has not been described.

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Cold plasma treatment has been studied to enhance the germination, growth, and bioactive phytochemical production in crops. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of cold plasma treatment on the growth, bioactive metabolite production, and protein expression related to the physiological and osteogenic activities of oat sprouts. Oat seeds were soaked for 12 h, and then exposed to plasma for 6 min/day for 3 days after sowing.

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Influenza viruses cause respiratory infections in humans with high morbidity and mortality rates. Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir and peramivir are the most commonly used drugs for influenza virus infections. However, the emergence of resistant viruses necessitates the urgent need to develop next-generation anti-influenza drugs.

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Oat Seedlings Extract Inhibits RANKL-Induced c-Fos/NFATc1 Transcription Factors in the Early Stage of Osteoclast Differentiation.

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

September 2022

Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.

Osteoporosis is a common disease that increases the risk of fractures due to decreased bone density and weakens the bone microstructure. Preventing and diagnosing osteoporosis using the available drugs can be a costly affair with possible side effects. Therefore, natural product-derived therapeutics are promising alternatives.

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Induction of Apoptosis and Effect on the FAK/AKT/mTOR Signal Pathway by Evodiamine in Gastric Cancer Cells.

Curr Issues Mol Biol

September 2022

BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.

Evodiamine isolated from has been known to have anti-tumor activity against various cancer cell types. Although there have been reports showing the inhibitory effect of evodiamine on cell survival of gastric cancer cell, it is not clearly explained how evodiamine affects the expression and modification of proteins associated with apoptosis and upstream signal pathways. We confirmed the cytotoxic activity of evodiamine against AGS and MKN45 cells by a WST assay, cell morphological change, and clonogenic assay.

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The National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA) of Korea is presently developing new rice varieties suitable for producing Western rice-based foods, such as , a well-known Italian-style product. The study considered different milled rice from five Tongil-type and six Japonica-type varieties. Besides the biometric properties, cooking behaviour, starch properties, and in vitro digestibility of Korean rice samples were compared with those of the 'Carnaroli' Italian variety.

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Saechalssal barley is Korea's representative naked waxy barley. This study investigated the anti-diabetic effect of the extract derived from saechalssal and its mechanism. The prethanol extract of saechalssal (SPE) showed greater α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro and a more significant lowering of the postprandial blood glucose levels in normal mice compared to its water extract (SWE).

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Hesperetin Inhibits Expression of Virulence Factors and Growth of .

Int J Mol Sci

September 2021

Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea.

() is a bacterium known to infect the human stomach. It can cause various gastrointestinal diseases including gastritis and gastric cancer. Hesperetin is a major flavanone component contained in citrus fruits.

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Zerumbone Inhibits Urease Activity.

Molecules

May 2021

Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea.

() produces urease in order to improve its settlement and growth in the human gastric epithelium. Urease inhibitors likely represent potentially powerful therapeutics for treating ; however, their instability and toxicity have proven problematic in human clinical trials. In this study, we investigate the ability of a natural compound extracted from Smith, zerumbone, to inhibit the urease activity of by formation of urease dimers, trimers, or tetramers.

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Extracts from barley seedlings (BS) have known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The flavonoid lutonarin (LN) is a component of BS extract and has several known bioactivities. Here, we evaluated LN anti-inflammatory efficacy against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

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Evodiamine Inhibits Growth and -Induced Inflammation.

Int J Mol Sci

March 2021

Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea.

() classified as a class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization (WHO) plays an important role in the progression of chronic gastritis and the development of gastric cancer. A major bioactive component of , evodiamine, has been known for its anti-bacterial effect and anti-cancer effects. However, the inhibitory effect of evodiamine against is not yet known and the inhibitory mechanisms of evodiamine against gastric cancer cells are yet to be elucidated concretely.

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The spectral quality and intensity of light, photoperiodism, and other environmental factors have profound impacts on the metabolic composition of light-dependent higher plants. Hence, we investigate the effects of fluorescent light (96 μmol ms) and white (100 μmol ms), blue (100 μmol ms), and red (93 μmol ms) light-emitting diode (LED) light irradiation on the -glycosylflavone and policosanol contents in young seedlings of wheat and barley. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses of -glycosylflavone contents in barley reveal that the saponarin content is significantly enhanced under blue LED light irradiation.

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Two new secondary metabolites isolated from Avena sativa L. (Oat) seedlings and their effects on osteoblast differentiation.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett

July 2020

Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Seedlings of natural crops are valuable sources of pharmacologically active phytochemicals. In this study, we aimed to identify new active secondary metabolites in Avena sativa L. (oat) seedlings.

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Increased grain yield will be critical to meet the growing demand for food, and could be achieved by delaying crop senescence. Here, via quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, we uncover the genetic basis underlying distinct life cycles and senescence patterns of two rice subspecies, indica and japonica. Promoter variations in the Stay-Green (OsSGR) gene encoding the chlorophyll-degrading Mg-dechelatase were found to trigger higher and earlier induction of OsSGR in indica, which accelerated senescence of indica rice cultivars.

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Nitrogen (N) is a major factor for plant development and productivity. However, the application of nitrogenous fertilizers generates environmental and economic problems. To cope with the increasing global food demand, the development of rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is indispensable for reducing environmental issues and achieving sustainable agriculture.

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Osteoporosis is a disease that leads to reduced bone mineral density. The increase in patient and medical costs because of global aging is recognized as a problem. Decreased bone mass is a common symptom of bone diseases such as Paget's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple myeloma.

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