Genetic landscape of gallbladder cancer: Global overview.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare malignancy of biliary tract cancer (BTC), characterized by late presentation and poor prognosis. It exhibits wide geographical as well as ethnical variations. So, diverse epidemiology along with etiological factors have been discussed in the current article.

Association between G870A (rs9344) polymorphism and cancer risk in Indian population: meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Association between Cyclin D1 (CCND1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9344 and cancer risk is paradoxical. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the association between variant and overall cancer risk in Indian population. Data from 12 published studies including 3739 subjects were collected using and was used to perform the meta-analysis.

Cancer trends in India: A review of population-based cancer registries (2005-2014).

There is a constant rise in cancer cases, but the trends and pattern vary according to the geographical region. The aim of this brief research was to present an update of all cancer incidences through age-adjusted rates and their changes in different regions of the country. The data for this study were obtained from published reports of 28 population-based cancer registries (2005-2014) in India.

Unraveling structural requirements of amino-pyrimidine T790M/L858R double mutant EGFR inhibitors: 2D and 3D QSAR study.

EGFR is an important drug target in cancer. However, the ineffectiveness of first generation inhibitors due to the occurrence of a secondary mutation (T790M) results in the relapse of the disease. Identification of reversible inhibitors against T790M/L858R double mutants (TMLR) thus is a foremost requirement.

Integrating screening for non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in routine tuberculosis care in Delhi, India: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Evidence supports the integration of prevention and management for tuberculosis (TB) with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Bi-directional screening for TB and diabetes mellitus (DM) is already implemented in India, a country with a dual burden of TB and NCDs. However, very limited programmatic data are available on the feasibility of adding other NCDs and their risk factors in such screening programme.

The PEP Project - Synergistic Community Based Action in Prevention, Early Detection and Palliative Care, to Impact the Cancer Burden in India.

With unprecedented surge in the incidence and prevalence of cancer in India, it has become imperative to strengthen the workforce for all the domains of cancer care. A large proportion of the activity required for prevention as well as for palliation, lie outside of tertiary institutions, in the community. Palliative care (PC) as a field is expanding exponentially across the country and the service providers often engage and work actively within the local community in their region.

Failure rate prediction of equipment: can Weibull distribution be applied to automated hematology analyzers?

Background Life cycle prediction measures, that provide information on the probability of failure of equipments, have been applied in electronic and mechanical engineering and for predicting the strength of dental implants. However, the same has not been utilized as yet in medical equipment such as hematology analyzers. Methods Failure data of five automated hematology analyzers (3-part differential) was collected over 14 consecutive months and a Weibull probability plot was made.

Retention of Knowledge Levels of Health Care Providers in Cancer Screening Through Telementoring.

Purpose Every year > 450,000 individuals are diagnosed with cancer and approximately 350,000 die of it in India. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has released an Operational Framework for the Management of Common Cancers that highlights population-based cancer screening programs in primary health care facilities by health care providers (HCPs) and capacity building of HCPs. The purpose of this study is to present a low-cost training model that is highly suitable for resource-deficient settings, such as those found in India, through Extension for Community Health Outcome (ECHO), a knowledge-sharing tool, to enable high-quality training of HCPs.

Benign nano-assemblages of silver induced by β galactosidase with augmented antimicrobial and industrial dye degeneration potential.

The fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) has been a wide realm of studies focusing majorly on their dispersion and stabilization. The use of biological components as reducing agents has led to emergence of environment-friendly and cost-effective approaches of synthesis. The primary aim was synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by enzyme β galactosidase.

Jagged-1 induced molecular alterations in HPV associated invasive squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the human uterine cervix.

The majority of cervical cancer (CC) cases are attributable to HPV infection. Altered Notch pathway signals and HPV are believed to modify clinicopathogenesis of CC, however, the involvement of each molecular player and its mechanism is still not known. Jagged-1 (JAG1) is one of the ligands that induce Notch pathway.

Differentially localized survivin and STAT3 as markers of gastric cancer progression: Association with Helicobacter pylori.

Background: Localization and differential expression of STAT3 and survivin in cancer cells are often related to distinct cellular functions. The involvement of survivin and STAT3 in gastric cancer has been reported in separate studies but without clear understanding of their kinetics in cancer progression.

Methods: We examined intracellular distribution of STAT3 and survivin in gastric adenocarcinoma and compared it with normal and precancer tissues using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry.

Insight into structural requirements of antiamoebic flavonoids: 3D-QSAR and G-QSAR studies.

Plant-based flavonoids have been found to exhibit strong inhibitory capability against Entamoeba histolytica. So, various QSAR models have been developed to identify the critical features that are responsible for the potency of these molecules. 3D-QSAR analysis using k-nearest neighbour molecular field analysis via stepwise forward-backward variable selection method showed best results for both internal and external predictive ability of the model (i.

Association of Smokeless Tobacco Use and Oral Cancer: A Systematic Global Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Smokeless tobacco products have been linked to precancerous and cancers of oral cavity for long. Evidence was available on the association between smokeless tobacco (SLT) products and oral cancers at regional but not at global level. Present meta-analysis is aimed to evaluate the risk of oral cancer with the use of SLT products among "ever" versus "never" users.

Gearing up T-cell immunotherapy in cervical cancer.

The World Health Organization estimates more than 270,000 deaths annually by cervical cancer. Present vaccines are prophylactic in nature which cannot treat huge bulk of cervical cancer patients worldwide. Available therapies like radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery are not effective in high-grade lesion, and hence, there is an unmet medical need for an effective form of therapy.

Pharmacokinetic profiling of anticancer phytocompounds using computational approach.

Introduction: Natural products exhibit diverse scaffolds and are considered as suitable candidates for development of leads. However, poor pharmacokinetics often acts as a hindrance during the drug discovery process.

Objective: With a view of exploring the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) profile of plant-based anticancer compounds, open-access databases (NPACT, CancerHSP and TaxKB) were analysed to identify molecules having properties favourable for drug ability.

In-silico study of toxicokinetics and disease association of chemicals present in smokeless tobacco products.

Smokeless tobacco (SLT) products are consumed by millions of people in over 130 countries around the world. Consumption of SLT has been estimated to cause a number of diseases accounting to more than 0.65 million deaths per year.

Population-based cancer screening programmes in low-income and middle-income countries: regional consultation of the International Cancer Screening Network in India.

The reductions in cancer morbidity and mortality afforded by population-based cancer screening programmes have led many low-income and middle-income countries to consider the implementation of national screening programmes in the public sector. Screening at the population level, when planned and organised, can greatly benefit the population, whilst disorganised screening can increase costs and reduce benefits. The International Cancer Screening Network (ICSN) was created to share lessons, experience, and evidence regarding cancer screening in countries with organised screening programmes.

Harnessing genomics to improve outcomes for women with cancer in India: key priorities for research.

Cumulatively, breast, cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancer account for more than 70% of cancers in women in India. Distinct differences in the clinical presentation of women with cancer suggest underlying differences in cancer biology and genetics. The peak age of onset of breast and ovarian cancer appears to be a decade earlier in India (age 45-50 years) than in high-income countries (age >60 years).

Efficacy of Complementary Therapies in the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in women and the second most common cancer overall, ranking as the fifth cause of death from cancer. The chronicity of the disease produces long-term physiological and psychological manifestations, which adversely affect the quality of life of the individual. The primary treatment while managing cancer presents with various debilitating side effects.

Exploring Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy as a Potential Tool in Mohs Micrography: A Mini Review.

Mohs micrographic surgery is the technique of surgically removing skin tumors by gradually excising thin layers and visualizing under a microscope till a tumor-free zone is obtained. During the surgical procedure, visible tumors are surgically removed. During the second stage, if tumor margins are clear with the positive specimen at depth, only depth cavitations need to be done without altering the tumor diameter.