Contribution of Travelers to Malaria in South West Delhi, India: Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: India is committed to malaria elimination by the year 2030. According to the classification of malaria endemicity, the National Capital Territory of Delhi falls under category 1, with an annual parasite incidence of <1, and was targeted for elimination by 2022. Among others, population movement across states is one of the key challenges for malaria control, as it can result in imported malaria, thus introducing local transmission in an area nearing elimination.

Sorcin: mechanisms of action in cancer hallmarks, drug resistance and opportunities in therapeutics.

Soluble resistant related calcium binding protein (Sorcin) plays an important role in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and multidrug resistance. Differential expression of Sorcin across different cancers significantly correlates with key clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes, underscoring its potential as a prognostic marker. Its involvement in drug-resistant cancers further advert Sorcin as a promising therapeutic target.

Performance characteristics of the point-of-care tests for HPV-based cervical cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We aimed to conduct an updated and comprehensive summary of the sensitivity and specificity of three human papillomavirus (HPV) point-of-care (POC) tests (careHPV™, oncoE6™ cervical test, Xpert® HPV) to guide resource-constrained countries for their implementation in cervical cancer screening.

Methods: Databases including Medline, Embase, Web of Science and cumulated index in nursing and allied health literature (CINAHL) were searched between January 2004 and October 2024. Observational studies analyzing the three tests for cervical cancer screening were included.

Impact of combinatorial immunotherapies in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Breast cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers affecting females worldwide. Several new effective therapeutic strategies are being developed to minimize the number of breast cancer-related deaths and improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients. However, resistance to conventional therapies in breast cancer patients remains a challenge which could be due to several reasons, including changes in the tumor microenvironment.

Molecular biomarkers involved in the progression of gallbladder inflammatory lesions to invasive cancer: A proteomic approach.

The progression of gallbladder inflammatory lesions to invasive cancer remains poorly understood, necessitating research on biomarkers involved in this transition. This study aims to identify and validate proteins associated with this progression, offering insights into potential diagnostic biomarkers for gallbladder cancer (GBC). Label-free liquid chromatography-assisted tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomics was performed on samples from ten cases each of GBC and inflammatory lesions, with technical duplicates.

An interventional study to assess the impact of behavior modification therapy on motivation level for tobacco cessation among adult tobacco users in a resettlement colony of South Delhi.

Background: Tobacco use remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to 8 million annual deaths and potentially reaching 1 billion deaths in the 21 century. Despite taking efforts like India's National Tobacco Control Program, the country faces a persistent 39% tobacco use prevalence, particularly in low-income communities like those from Madanpur Khadar, Delhi. This study explores the effectiveness of behavior modification therapy in addressing this challenge.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Indicating Curcumin to Enhance the Synergistic Potential of Paclitaxel and Reduce Cell Viability, Tumor Volume, and Drug Resistance in Different Cancers.

Background: To treat diseases like cancer, conventional Paclitaxel (PTX)- based monotherapy treatment regimens are becoming less effective due to the development of resistance. In this aspect, the phytomolecule curcumin (Cur), having ethnopharmacological importance in traditional South Asian remedies, like Ayurveda and Chinese traditional medicine, has been studied as a promising chemo-sensitizing and synergistic partner of PTX.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of PTX and Cur compared to PTX therapy alone in the in vitro and in vivo environments.

Somatic mutational landscape across Indian breast cancer cases by whole exome sequencing.

Breast cancer (BC) has emerged as the most common malignancy among females. The genomic profile of BC is diverse in nature and complex due to heterogeneity among various geographically different ethnic groups. The primary objective of this study was to carry out a comprehensive mutational analysis of Indian BC cases by performing whole exome sequencing.

Overlap in oncogenic and pro-inflammatory pathways associated with areca nut and nicotine exposure.

Background: Betel nut/areca nut/ is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substance, and is also a major preventable cause of cancer. Unlike other psychoactive substances, such as nicotine, the mechanisms underlying addiction to areca nuts and related oncogenesis remain elusive. Recent reports suggest a possible overlap in the mechanisms of action of nicotine and areca nuts in the human body.

Microbial community and functions involved in smokeless tobacco product: a metagenomic approach.

Smokeless tobacco products (STPs) are attributed to oral cancer and oral pathologies in their users. STP-associated cancer induction is driven by carcinogenic compounds including tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). The TSNAs synthesis could enhanced due to the metabolic activity (nitrate metabolism) of the microbial populations residing in STPs, but identifying microbial functions linked to the TSNAs synthesis remains unexplored.

Nimbolide: A Potential Phytochemical Agent in Multimodal Pancreatic Cancer Therapies.

A significant contributor to cancer-related death, pancreatic cancer (PC) has a terrible prognosis in general that has not altered over many years. Currently, it is extremely difficult to prevent disease or discover it early enough to initiate treatment. The major challenge in PC is acquired chemo-radio resistance, which makes it very difficult to manage.

Polyols induce acute oxidative stress and mortality in Indian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae): potential for use as sugar-cum-toxin source in toxic sugar baits.

Background: Development of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vectors has necessitated the development of novel vector control tools. One such strategy involves the use of toxic sugar baits that targets the sugar-feeding behaviour of mosquito vectors. In this study, we investigated the potential of polyols, as a toxic food (sugar) source in toxic sugar baits against the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi Liston.

Cost analyses for malaria molecular diagnosis for research planners in India and beyond.

Background: Malaria elimination mandates early and accurate diagnosis of infection. Although malaria diagnosis is programmatically dependent on microscopy/RDTs, molecular diagnosis has much better diagnostic accuracy. Higher cost of molecular diagnoses is a recognized challenge for use at the point of care.

Prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among nursing staff in a low and middle-income country: A cross-sectional digital survey-based study.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among the nursing staff and educate them on prevention.

Background: Nursing staff is integral to the Indian community healthcare systems. Recent studies report a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Indian nursing staff.

The Lifetime Health and Economic Burden of Smokeless Tobacco use in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan: Results From ASTRAMOD.

Introduction: Under the current policy landscapes, the lifetime health and economic burden of smokeless tobacco (ST) products, consumed by over 297 million ST users in South Asia, is unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the lifetime health effects and costs attributable to current and future ST use in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan where the majority of ST users live.

Aims And Methods: We developed a Markov-based state-transition model (ASTRAMOD) to predict the lifetime costs of treatment of four diseases (oral, pharyngeal, esophageal cancers, and stroke) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), attributable to the current and future use of ST under existing ST policy scenario.

Methyl CpG binding protein MBD2 has a regulatory role on the BRCA1 gene expression and its modulation by resveratrol in ER+, PR+ & triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Background: Resveratrol has demonstrated its ability to regulate BRCA1 gene expression in breast cancer cells, and previous studies have established the binding of MBD proteins to BRCA1 gene promoter regions. However, the molecular mechanism underlying these interactions remains to be elucidated. The aimed to evaluate the impact of MBD proteins on the regulation of BRCA1, BRCA2, and p16 genes and their consequential effects on breast cancer cells.

Antidiabetic effectiveness of bioactive compounds targeting DPP-IV.

Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) is a small herb and is categorised as one of the rich medicinal plants throughout the world. This study aimed to evaluate the L.

Histologic grading of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma: A comparison of four grading systems and correlation with survival.

Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant lesion of salivary glands. A number of histologic grading systems are in use for MEC with variable agreement between them.

Methods: This study was aimed at comparison of four grading systems for MEC: two qualitative (modified Healy and MSKCC grading) and two quantitative (AFIP and Brandwein grading).

Survivin inhibition ameliorates liver fibrosis by inducing hepatic stellate cell senescence and depleting hepatic macrophage population.

Persistent activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in the injured liver leads to the progression of liver injury from fibrosis to detrimental cirrhosis. In a previous study, we have shown that survivin protein is upregulated during the early activation of HSCs, which triggers the onset of liver fibrosis. However, the therapeutic potential of targeting survivin in a fully established fibrotic liver needs to be investigated.

Identification and characterization of the in-vivo metabolites of the novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor EC5026 using liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry.

EC5026 is a novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor being developed clinically to treat neuropathic pain and inflammation. In the current study, we employed the LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS technique to identify four in-vivo phase-I metabolites of EC5026 in rat model, out of which three were found to be novel. The identified metabolites include aliphatic hydroxylation, di-hydroxylation, terminal desaturation, and carboxylation.