Prevalence and influencing factors of occupational burnout among healthcare workers in the Chinese mainland during the late 2022 Omicron COVID-19 outbreak: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

China witnessed an Omicron COVID-19 outbreak at the end of 2022. During this period, medical crowding and enormous pressure on the healthcare systems occurred, which might result in the occurrence of occupational burnout among healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aims to investigate the prevalence of occupational burnout and associated mental conditions, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety, PTSD symptoms, perceived social support, resilience, and mindfulness among HCWs of the Chinese mainland during the Omicron COVID-19 outbreak, and to explore the potential risk and protective factors influencing occupational burnout of HCWs.

Age-period-cohort analysis of self-harm incidence rates by gender in Iran among individuals aged 10-39 years, 1990-2019.

This study investigates trends and patterns in self-harm incidence rates among individuals aged 10-39 years in Iran from 1990 to 2019. Using Age-Period-Cohort (APC) analysis, it aims to identify significant age, period, and cohort effects, and to highlight gender-specific trends for effective prevention strategies. Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we performed an APC analysis to assess trends in self-harm incidence rates by gender.

"They knew the same struggles": perceptions of a group coping skills intervention in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Purpose: Chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGVHD), an inflammatory condition affecting allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors, is associated with a range of debilitating physical and psychological sequela. Yet HCT recipients with cGVHD are virtually absent from survivorship intervention research. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a multidisciplinary group coping skills intervention (Horizons) tailored to meet these patients' unique needs.

Herpesviruses mimic zygotic genome activation to promote viral replication.

Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is crucial for maternal to zygotic transition at the 2-8-cell stage in order to overcome silencing of genes and enable transcription from the zygotic genome. In humans, ZGA is induced by DUX4, a pioneer factor that drives expression of downstream germline-specific genes and retroelements. Here we show that herpesviruses from all subfamilies, papillomaviruses and Merkel cell polyomavirus actively induce DUX4 expression to promote viral transcription and replication.

Practices and perspectives of genetic counselors about high-risk pancreatic cancer screening: A cross-sectional survey study.

Surveillance of individuals at high-risk of pancreatic cancer using CAPS criteria and other expert consensus guidelines may result in earlier pancreatic cancer detection in some cases; therefore, clinicians are responsible for appropriately identifying and referring these individuals to appropriate high-risk pancreas cancer screening programs. This study aimed at assessing the perspective, knowledge, and clinical practices of cancer genetic counselors surveyed nationwide towards identification of individuals at high-risk of pancreatic cancer and utilization of high-risk pancreatic cancer screening programs. One hundred and eighty-nine genetic counselors who listed "Cancer" as their specialty on the NSGC website responded to the survey, which consisted of multiple practice-based, knowledge-based, and clinical vignette-based questions.

Baicalin attenuates the immune escape of oral squamous cell carcinoma by reducing lactate accumulation in tumor microenvironment.

Introduction: The acidic microenvironment caused by excessive lactate accumulation could inhibit immune lymphocytes antitumor activity and promote the immune escape of tumor cells. Baicalin is an active flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate whether and how baicalin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) acidic microenvironment and attenuates immune escape.

Maternal circadian rhythms during pregnancy dictate metabolic plasticity in offspring.

Tissue-level oscillation is achieved by tissue-intrinsic clocks along with network-dependent signals originating from distal organs and organismal behavior. Yet, it remains unexplored whether maternal circadian rhythms during pregnancy influence fetal rhythms and impact long-term susceptibility to dietary challenges in offspring. Here, we demonstrate that circadian disruption during pregnancy decreased placental and neonatal weight yet retained transcriptional and structural maturation.

Cancers attributed to modifiable factors in Norway 2016-2020.

Background: Targeting modifiable factors offers significant potential for primary cancer prevention. For public health strategies, it is essential to quantify the contribution from each factor on a national level. We estimated the contribution of 12 modifiable factors on cancer incidence in the Norwegian population.

Environmental exposures and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The global epidemiology of HCC is shifting due to changes in both established and emerging risk factors. This transformation is marked by an emerging prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes, alongside traditional risks such as viral hepatitis (HBV and HCV), and exposure to chemical agents like aflatoxin, alcohol, tobacco, and air pollution. This review examines how environmental exposures and evolving liver pathology, exacerbated by lifestyle and metabolic conditions, are contributing to the rising worldwide incidence of HCC.

Relative forces of anthropogenic and natural factors on the evolution of "ecological cancer"-rocky desertification under different man-land relationships.

Rocky desertification (RD) is a severe phenomenon in karst areas, often referred to as "ecological cancer." However, studies on RD rarely include comparative analysis of different man-land relationship areas. This lack of analysis leads to difficulties in preventing and controlling RD in local areas with complex man-land relationships.

General Kernel Machine Methods for Multi-Omics Integration and Genome-Wide Association Testing With Related Individuals.

Integrating multi-omics data may help researchers understand the genetic underpinnings of complex traits and diseases. However, the best ways to integrate multi-omics data and use them to address pressing scientific questions remain a challenge. One important and topical problem is how to assess the aggregate effect of multiple genomic data types (e.

Gynecological complications and treatment strategies in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

In women after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), complications associated with the original disease and therapies used both before and after transplantation often occur, which significantly affects their quality of life. The most common gynaecological complications include secondary cancers, premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), infertility and chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Cervical cancer is the most common secondary genital cancer in patients after HSCT.

Porous Silicon Particle-Assisted Mass Spectrometry Technology Unlocks Serum Metabolic Fingerprints in the Progression From Chronic Hepatitis B to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy and generally develops from liver cirrhosis (LC), which is primarily caused by the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus. Reliable liquid biopsy methods for HCC screening in high-risk populations are urgently needed. Here, we establish a porous silicon-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (PSALDI-MS) technology to profile metabolite information hidden in human serum in a high throughput manner.

Leveraging Optical Anisotropy of the Morpho Butterfly Wing for Quantitative, Stain-Free, and Contact-Free Assessment of Biological Tissue Microstructures.

Changes in the density and organization of fibrous biological tissues often accompany the progression of serious diseases ranging from fibrosis to neurodegenerative diseases, heart disease and cancer. However, challenges in cost, complexity, or precision faced by existing imaging methodologies and materials pose barriers to elucidating the role of tissue microstructure in disease. Here, we leverage the intrinsic optical anisotropy of the Morpho butterfly wing and introduce Morpho-Enhanced Polarized Light Microscopy (MorE-PoL), a stain- and contact-free imaging platform that enhances and quantifies the birefringent material properties of fibrous biological tissues.

Factors associated with willingness to perform expedited excisional treatment for patients at high risk for cervical precancer.

Background: The 2019 ASCCP Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines prefer expedited treatment, defined as proceeding to excisional treatment without first performing colposcopic biopsy, for patients with screening results indicating a high risk of cervical precancer. In this mixed methods study, we explored clinician attitudes toward expedited treatment.

Methods: In 2021, a national sample of 671 clinicians who performed colposcopy completed surveys; a subset (n = 41) of clinicians who performed colposcopy and/or directed patient treatment completed qualitative interviews.

Functional Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Prognostic and Immune Effects of the Oncogenic Protein CDC45 in Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Cell division cycle protein 45 (CDC45) plays a crucial role in DNA replication. This study investigates its role in breast cancer (BC) and its impact on tumor progression.

Methods: We utilized the GEO database to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and conducted enrichment analysis on these genes.

Evidence summary on management strategies for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in patients following esophageal cancer surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to summarize evidence-based strategies for the self-management of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (GERS) at home among patients who have undergone esophageal cancer surgery, providing practical references for clinical practice.

Methods: A systematic evidence summary was conducted based on the reporting standards of the Fudan University Center for Evidence-based Nursing. Literature was retrieved from international and Chinese databases, including guidelines, expert consensus, systematic reviews, and original studies.

Green hydrothermal synthesis of nickel and zinc-doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles using extracts and their biological studies.

Convectional drugs have failed to tackle the increasing public health challenge of Cancer and diabetes. Phytochemical conjugated nanoparticles are providing safer therapeutic alternatives to address this global challenge. Nanoparticles of nickel, iron and zinc are especially useful because of their magnetic properties, abilities to prevent the onset or slow the progression of these diseases.

Chronic Health Conditions in the Workplace: Work Stressors and Supportive Supervision, Work Design, and Programs.

A large and growing number of workers are managing chronic physical and mental health conditions while working, necessitating attention from both researchers and leaders and practitioners in organizations. Much of the current discourse around research and practice in this area is focused on prevention of chronic disease and rehabilitation of disability to help workers return to work. Less commonly attended to are workplace factors that can support the quality of working life and the longevity of working life for workers with chronic health conditions.

IL-17 triggers PD-L1 gene transcription in NSCLC cells via TRIM31-dependent MEF2C K63-linked polyubiquitination.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a disease related to inflammation. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 17 (IL-17) can induce cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and immune escape. Although NSCLC immune escape is partly due to the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 and PD-L1 expression can be upregulated in cancer cells upon stimulation with IL-17, the underlying mechanism of IL-17-triggered PD-L1 gene transcription in NSCLC cells remains elusive.

2-[F]Fluoropropionic Acid PET Imaging of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

Purpose: Treatment of pediatric cancers with doxorubicin is a common and predictable cause of cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis of treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and intervention are major determinants for the prevention of advanced disease. The onset of cardiomyopathies is often accompanied by profound changes in lipid metabolism, including an enhanced uptake of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA).

Patterns of incident Burkitt lymphoma during the HIV epidemic among the Black African and White population in South Africa.

Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) may be HIV-associated but data on BL trends in South Africa (SA), where HIV is highly prevalent, are scarce. We compared BL incidence trends over 36 years among Black African and White individuals.

Methods: We included histologically diagnosed BL from the National Cancer Registry in SA between 1986-2021.

Decreased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality associated with occasional positive screens following cancer screenings.

Positive results from cancer screenings, like a cancer diagnosis, can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality due to heightened psychological stress. However, positive screening results may also serve as a teachable moment to encourage the adoption of a healthier lifestyle. Consequently, the overall association between positive screenings and CVD mortality risk remains unclear.

Familial History in Ovarian Teratomas Is a Frequent Event: 22 Years' Experience at a Single Center.

Background: Ovarian mature teratoma represents the most common benign neoplasm among pediatric germ cell tumors. This study reports the prevalence and characteristics of familial forms identified in a single center over 22 years in order to better understand possible familial predispositions to ovarian teratoma.

Methods: The records of all patients who were surgically treated for ovarian teratoma between 2000 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.