Metabolomics and network pharmacology-guided analysis of TNF-α expression by (Linn) targeting NF-kB the signalling pathway in cancer cell lines.

Introduction: Cancer has emerged as one of the leading causes of fatality all over the world. Phytoconstituents are being studied for their synergistic effects, which include disease prevention by altering molecular pathways and immunomodulation without side effects. The present experiment aims to explore the cancer preventive activities of Linn leaves extract in skin cancer cell lines (A431) and colon cancer cell lines (COLO 320DM)).

The Medico-Legal and Social Aspects of the Eligibility Examination for Enrolment in the Seafarers Registry: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: Working on board presents unique healthcare challenges for maritime personnel. Italian Law mandates a medical fitness assessment for seafarers registry enrolment. The Port Health Officer assesses seaworthiness and, against this judgment, the applicants can appeal to the First-degree Medical Commission.

Emergency Services During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Gender Comparison of Burnout Risk and Personality Traits in the Kharkiv City Sample.

: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presented unique challenges to the health-care system and prehospital emergency medical services. An increasing prevalence of burnout has been described, which in turn is associated with mental illness. The aim of this paper was to evaluate burnout through a sex comparison and to analyze associations of burnout with personality traits during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Association of Social Jetlag with the Dietary Quality Among Korean Workers: Findings from a Nationwide Survey.

Social jetlag, which refers to the misalignment between biological rhythms and social schedule, is linked to an increased risk of metabolic diseases. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between social jetlag and workers' dietary quality. : This secondary data analysis included a sample of workers from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( = 11,430).

Toward Standardization of a Lung New Approach Model for Toxicity Testing of Nanomaterials.

This study represents an attempt toward the standardization of pulmonary NAMs and the development of a novel approach for toxicity testing of nanomaterials. Laboratory comparisons are challenging yet essential for identifying existing limitations and proposing potential solutions. Lung cells cultivated and exposed at the air-liquid interface (ALI) more accurately represent the physiology of human lungs and pulmonary exposure scenarios than submerged cell and exposure models.

Stakeholder Views on the Potential Benefits and Feasibility of an Equestrian Industry-Specific Health, Safety and Welfare Management System.

With the growth of the equestrian industry, risk exposure and the obligation to maintain the health, safety, and welfare of humans and horses remain front and centre. As there has been no apparent reduction in non-fatal human horse-related injuries, we asked industry stakeholders to discuss their current management and risk mitigation practices and highlight potential barriers to improving these processes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 stakeholders from Australian equestrian work- ( = 9) and non-work- ( = 11) related organisations to determine the potential benefits and feasibility of adopting an industry-specific health, safety, and welfare (HSW) management system.

Introducing the OECD guidance document on occupational biomonitoring: A harmonized methodology for deriving occupational biomonitoring levels (OBL).

Derivation of occupational biomonitoring levels (OBLs) is needed to effectively utilize biomonitoring for assessing exposures to chemical substances, and consequently, implement risk reduction measures to reduce health risks among workers. OBLs are the appropriate option for chemical substances that can be absorbed through the skin. This methodology for derivation of OBLs has been developed in collaboration with scientific and regulatory experts from more than 40 institutes in 15 countries within the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) framework.

Honokiol ameliorates silica-induced lung fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis via modulating cGAS/STING signaling.

Silicosis is a life-threatening occupational disease because of inhaling silica dust, leading to chronic inflammation, pyroptosis, and fibrosis. Unfortunately, it is still lacking effective pharmacological intervention currently. Honokiol (HKL), a natural extract with biological activity from Magnolia bark, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological effects.

Development of a gender-specific European job exposure matrix (EuroJEM) for physical workload and its validation against musculoskeletal pain.

Objectives: The aim was to develop a gender-specific European job exposure matrix (EuroJEM) for occupational physical workload and study its predictive validity for musculoskeletal pain in four European cohorts.

Methods: National, gender-specific JEM from Finland, France, Norway and Sweden, based on self-reported exposure information, were evaluated for similarities in exposures, exposure definitions, and occupational coding. The EuroJEM harmonized five exposures: heavy lifting, faster breathing due to heavy workload, kneeling/squatting, forward bent posture, and working with hands above shoulder level.

Hepatic Steatosis Aggravates Vascular Calcification via Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Osteochondrogenic Switch of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.

The global incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has risen sharply. This condition is strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but how MAFLD affects the development and progression of CVD, particularly concerning vascular calcification, remains unclear. Herein, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are identified from steatotic hepatocytes as a trigger that accelerated the progression of both vascular intimal and medial calcification.

Influence of occupational stress on breast cancer incidence in the Women's Health Initiative.

Objective: Psychological stress has long been posited as a potential risk factor for breast cancer. We aimed to examine the relationship between occupational stress and the incidence of invasive breast cancer among postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.

Method: Occupational stress was characterized through linkage of Standard Occupational Classification codes for participants' jobs to the Occupational Information Network.

Smokeless tobacco (snuff) and site-specific cancer risks in adult Black South African women: Findings from the Johannesburg Cancer Study.

Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use is an established carcinogen to the nasal cavity, lip, and oropharynx, however, few studies have examined cancer risks in older African women among whom SLT use is common. We investigated snuff use and the risk of site-specific cancers among 15,336 newly diagnosed female cancer patients in the Johannesburg Cancer Study, South Africa. We designed case-control comparisons across multiple cancer outcomes: (a) known SLT-associated cancers; (b) other tobacco-related cancers and (c) genital cancers owing to intravaginal snuff use.

Occupational Therapists' Perspectives on Community Implementation of Interventions Unfamiliar to Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: There is an increasing push for broad implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) targeting older adults. Successful delivery of EBIs in communities requires therapists to adhere to protocols and to be responsive to contextual factors. This study explored the real-world implementation of an EBI, the Multiple-component Cognitive Intervention using Simulated Everyday Tasks (MCI-SET) in Taiwan from therapists' perspectives on fidelity, challenges, and strategies for program delivery.

Networking in biological and physical retrospective dosimetry in Europe and beyond.

Ionizing radiation is of huge benefit to society; however, the risks of radiation overexposure in occupational settings or due to accidents or other incidents are of growing concern, not least due to the potential implications for exposed individuals in terms of acute high dose (e.g. ARS) and/or longer term low dose health effects such as cancer or genetic effects.

Effect of Early-Life Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplement and Home Environment on Autonomic Nervous System Regulation at 9-11 Years: A Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Nutrition and the home environment contribute to the development of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). However, no study has examined the long-term effects of prenatal and postnatal small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) and home environment on ANS regulation. We investigated the effect of early-life SQ-LNS and home environment on ANS regulation at 9-11 years.

Occupational health of drilling waste workers as related to microbial exposure and waste treatment methods.

Objectives: Exposure to microorganisms is a known contributor to occupational disease. This study assessed drilling waste workers' health status and investigated the potential of inhalable bioaerosols to elicit an immune response in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: Venous blood and self-reported health data were collected from 56 and 73 Norwegian drilling waste workers, respectively.

The Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Use in Service Members and Veterans with Migraine and Post-Traumatic Headache Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To delineate the trend of use of botulinum toxin, including onabotulinum toxinA (OTA), in active military personnel and veterans with the diagnoses of migraine and post-traumatic headache (PTH) and describe the efficacy of botulinum toxin administration.

Background: Service members and veterans represent a unique population in the medical management of headache disorders, particularly migraine. They exhibit higher susceptibility to pain of greater intensity and longer durations, possibly due to their history of exposure to combat, trauma, and the associated psychological stresses.

The Spatial Organization of Ascending Auditory Pathway Microstructural Maturation From Infancy Through Adolescence Using a Novel Fiber Tracking Approach.

Auditory perception is established through experience-dependent stimuli exposure during sensitive developmental periods; however, little is known regarding the structural development of the central auditory pathway in humans. The present study characterized the regional developmental trajectories of the ascending auditory pathway from the brainstem to the auditory cortex from infancy through adolescence using a novel diffusion MRI-based tractography approach and along-tract analyses. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to quantify the magnitude and timing of auditory pathway microstructural maturation.

Prenatal exposure to pesticide mixtures and the placental transcriptome: Insights from trimester-specific, sex-specific and metabolite-scaled analyses in the SAWASDEE cohort.

We investigated the effect of exposure to pesticide mixtures during pregnancy on the placental transcriptome, to link these exposures and placental functions. The Study of Asian Women and their Offspring's Development and Environmental Exposures (SAWASDEE) enrolled pregnant farmworkers from Thailand (n = 248), who were primarily exposed to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides. We measured maternal urinary levels of six non-specific OP metabolites expressed as three summary measures (dimethylalkylphosphates (DMAP), diethylalkylphosphates (DEAP), and dialkylphosphates (DAP) and three pyrethroid metabolites (3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), cis- and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (cis-DCCA, trans-DCCA) during early, middle, and late pregnancy, and adjusted for urine dilution using creatinine.

Workplace Injury and Death: A National Overview of Changing Trends by Sex, United States 1998-2022.

Women represent a substantial portion of the US workforce. However, injury and fatality rates for female workers have, historically, remained lower than rates for male workers. Fatal occupational data from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) and nonfatal injury data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Occupational Supplement (NEISS-Work) for the years 1998-2022 were examined to produce rate ratios of male to female fatal and nonfatal occupational injury rates for all workers in the United States.

Prevalence of Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment in World Trade Center Exposed Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) and General Emergency Responders.

Background: The emergency personnel who responded to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks endured severe occupational exposures, yet the prevalence of cognitive impairment remains unknown among WTC-exposed-FDNY-responders. The present study screened for mild and severe cognitive impairment in WTC-exposed FDNY responders using objective tests, compared prevalence rates to a cohort of non-FDNY WTC-exposed responders, and descriptively to meta-analytic estimates of MCI from global, community, and clinical populations.

Methods: A sample of WTC-exposed-FDNY responders (n = 343) was recruited to complete an extensive battery of cognitive, psychological, and physical tests.

Stratum corneum nanotexture feature detection using deep learning and spatial analysis: a noninvasive tool for skin barrier assessment.

Background: Corneocyte surface nanoscale topography (nanotexture) has recently emerged as a potential biomarker for inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). This assessment method involves quantifying circular nano-size objects (CNOs) in corneocyte nanotexture images, enabling noninvasive analysis via stratum corneum (SC) tape stripping. Current approaches for identifying CNOs rely on computer vision techniques with specific geometric criteria, resulting in inaccuracies due to the susceptibility of nano-imaging techniques to environmental noise and structural occlusion on the corneocyte.