Circulating HPVDNA in patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal cancer: liquid biopsy could identify molecular residual disease.

Objectives: we evaluated the hypothesis that level of ctHPVDNA on the first postoperative day (POD-1); and at 15 days (POD-15) could be associated with the need for adjuvant therapy and the presence of recurrence.

Materials And Methods: this is a prospective observational study on biomarkers, focusing on the longitudinal monitoring of ctHPVDNA in a cohort of HPV-OPSCC patients undergoing TORS. Blood samples were collected according to the following schema: (1) pretreatment; (2) on first postoperative day (POD 1); and (3) at 15 days (POD 15).

A novel method for detecting genetic biomarkers in blood-based liquid biopsies using surface plasmon resonance imaging and magnetic beads shows promise in cancer diagnosis and monitoring.

Directly detecting biomarkers in liquid biopsy for diagnosis and personalized treatment plays a crucial role in managing cancer relapse and increasing survival rates. Typically, the standard analysis of circulating tumour DNA requires lengthy isolation, extraction, and amplification steps, leading to sample contamination, longer turnaround time and higher assay costs. Surface plasmon resonance is an emerging and promising technology for rapid and real-time dynamic biomarker monitoring in liquid biopsy.

Disease management teams in oncology: State of the art and the experience of a scientific institute of hospitalization and treatment (IRCCS) in Rome, Italy.

Background: This article analyzes the main coordination needs linked to the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases, presenting the various integration tools that our healthcare organization adopted to guarantee continuity of care at the IRCCS IFO (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri) in Rome. The object of investigation is the disease management team (DMT) organization for the diagnosis and treatment of people suffering from oncological disease and the consequences in terms of improving their management.

Methods: The study focuses, in particular, on the analysis of the different organizational methods chosen for the management of activities related to diagnosis and treatment paths.

Treatment Outcomes and Toxicities of Multiple Tyrosin Kinase Inhibitors for Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Case Series.

: The current possible treatments of advanced medullary carcinoma (MTC) include different drugs belonging to the class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): vandetanib, cabozantinb, and selpercatinib. Although the effects of these TKIs have been well described in clinical trials, the real-practice evidence of the effectiveness and safety of these treatment is scant. This real-world case series aims to describe a niche of patients with advanced MTC treated with more than one TKI by focusing on treatment responses and any reported adverse events (AEs) and to provide additional insight on the individualized approach to the management of metastatic MTC.

Recognizing Distress in Cancer Patients in Day Hospital, by Trained Nurses vs. Non-Trained Nurses: A Pilot Study.

: Psychological distress impacts 35-40% of cancer patients, significantly affecting their quality of life, treatment adherence, and relationships with healthcare professionals. Given this, there is a critical need to enhance nursing competencies to effectively monitor and address psychological distress. Previous studies have highlighted discrepancies in capabilities based on nurses' training status, emphasizing trained nurses' critical role in providing appropriate psycho-social referrals.

Molecular insights unlocking therapeutic potential for multiple myeloma and bone disease management.

Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal expansion of plasma cells within the bone marrow, is associated with severe health complications, including osteolytic bone lesions that significantly increase the risk of fractures, leading to higher morbidity and mortality rates. One intriguing protein in this context is the RNA polymerase binding factor Che-1/AATF (Che-1), which has emerged as a potential player in the survival and proliferation of myeloma cells. Hippo pathway has been shown to be an important mediator of oncogenesis in solid tumors, especially for its role in shaping a tumor microenvironment favorable to cancer maintenance and spread.

Comparing Outcomes of Open and Robot-Assisted Inguinal Lymphadenectomy for the Treatment of cN2 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis.

Background: Inguinal lymph node (LN) dissection (iLND) is mandatory in cN2 penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). Open iLND (OIL) is often omitted due to the high rate of complications. A minimally invasive approach may reduce morbidity; however, evidence supporting its role to treat bulky nodes is limited.

Charting the transcriptomic landscape of primary and metastatic cancers in relation to their origin and target normal tissues.

Metastasis is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, yet understanding how metastatic tumors adapt from their origin to their target tissues remains a fundamental challenge. To address this, we assessed whether primary and metastatic tumors more closely resemble their tissues of origin or target tissues in terms of gene expression. We analyzed expression profiles from multiple cancer types and normal tissues, including single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data from both paired and unpaired patient cohorts.

Prediction of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in high-grade osteosarcoma using clustering-based analysis of magnetic resonance imaging: an exploratory study.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based clustering analysis to predict the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with primary high-grade osteosarcoma.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two patients were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent MRIs before and after NACT.

Polo-like kinase 2 targeting as novel strategy to sensitize mutant p53-expressing tumor cells to anticancer treatments.

Polo-like kinase 2 (Plk2) belongs to a family of serine/threonine kinases, and it is involved in tumorigenesis of diverse kind of tissues. We previously reported that Plk2 gene was a transcriptional target of the mutant p53/NF-Y oncogenic complex. Plk2 protein can bind to and phosphorylate mutant p53 triggering an oncogenic autoregulatory feedback loop involved in cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance.

Recommendations for the Application of Sex and Gender Medicine in Preclinical, Epidemiological and Clinical Research.

Gender medicine studies how health status and diseases differ between men and women in terms of prevention, therapeutic approach, prognosis, and psychological and social impact. Sex and gender analyses have been demonstrated to improve science, contributing to achieving real appropriateness and equity in the cure for each person. Therefore, it is fundamental to consider, both in preclinical and clinical research, the different clinical and biological features associated with sex and/or gender, where sex differences are mainly influenced by biological determinants and gender ones by socio-cultural and economic matters.

Clinical bioinformatics desiderata for molecular tumor boards.

Clinical Bioinformatics is a knowledge framework required to interpret data of medical interest via computational methods. This area became of dramatic importance in precision oncology, fueled by cancer genomic profiling: most definitions of Molecular Tumor Boards require the presence of bioinformaticians. However, all available literature remained rather vague on what are the specific needs in terms of digital tools and expertise to tackle and interpret genomics data to assign novel targeted or biomarker-driven targeted therapies to cancer patients.

Cancer incidence (2000-2020) among individuals under 35: an emerging sex disparity in oncology.

Background: Aggressive malignancies, such as pancreatic cancer, are increasingly impacting young, female populations. Our investigation centered on whether the observed trends in cancer incidence were unique to pancreatic cancer or indicative of a broader trend across various cancer types. To delve deeper into this phenomenon, we analyzed cancer incidence trends across different age and sex groups.

Pyrazolone-Based Zn(II) Complexes Display Antitumor Effects in Mutant p53-Carrying Cancer Cells.

The synthesis and characterization of nine Schiff bases of pyrazolone ligands ( = 1-9) and the corresponding zinc(II) complexes - of composition [Zn(L)] ( = 1-9) are reported. The molecular structures of complexes , , , , and were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, highlighting in all cases a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the Zn(II) ion. Density functional theory studies are performed on both the ligands and the derived complexes.

Insights into the Interplay between the Urinary Microbiome and Bladder Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

New insights in the urinary microbiome have led to a better understanding being built of the shifts in bacterial representations from health to disease; these hold promise as markers for diagnosis and therapeutic responses. Although several efforts have been made to identify a "core urinary microbiome", different fingerprints have been identified in men and women that shift with age. The main bacterial groups overall include , , , and .

Breast and cervical cancer in transgender men: literature review and a case report.

Transgender individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of cancer-related risk factors, such as substance abuse and sexually transmitted infections. These factors, coupled with suboptimal adherence to cancer screening recommendations, may lead to a higher incidence of cancers, such as breast and cervical cancer, and contribute to delayed diagnoses in transgender patients. Herein, we report a unique case of a transgender man with a history of alcohol and drug abuse, undergoing gender-affirming exogenous testosterone therapy, who developed synchronous locally advanced breast cancer and human papilloma virus (HPV)-related cervical cancer.

The landscape of circulating tumor HPV DNA and TTMV-HPVDNA for surveillance of HPV-oropharyngeal carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) related cancers of the oropharynx are rapidly increasing in incidence and may soon represent the majority of all head and neck cancers. Improved monitoring and surveillance methods are thus an urgent need in public health.

Main Text: The goal is to highlight the current potential and limitations of liquid biopsy through a meta analytic study on ctHPVDNA and TTMV-HPVDNA.

Soft tissue sarcomas of the proximal adductor area of the thigh: Indications, results and complications at medium follow-up in a series of 43 surgically treated patients.

Introduction: When Soft Tissue Sarcomas are localized in the groin area, they pose specific challenges due to their proximity to important structures. These tumors exhibit elevated complication rates and a higher local recurrence rate compared to their locations in other limbs. The objective of this paper is to analyze a series of patients affected by soft tissue sarcomas in the adductor area of the proximal thigh.

Chlorpromazine overcomes temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by inhibiting Cx43 and essential DNA repair pathways.

Background: In the fight against GBM, drug repurposing emerges as a viable and time-saving approach to explore new treatment options. Chlorpromazine, an old antipsychotic medication, has recently arisen as a promising candidate for repositioning in GBM therapy in addition to temozolomide, the first-line standard of care. We previously demonstrated the antitumor efficacy of chlorpromazine and its synergistic effects with temozolomide in suppressing GBM cell malignant features in vitro.

Therapeutic Use of G4-Ligands in Cancer: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives.

G-quadruplexes (G4s) are guanine-rich non-canonical secondary structures of nucleic acids that were identified in vitro almost half a century ago. Starting from the early 1980s, these structures were also observed in eukaryotic cells, first at the telomeric level and later in regulatory regions of cancer-related genes, in regulatory RNAs and within specific cell compartments such as lysosomes, mitochondria, and ribosomes. Because of the involvement of these structures in a large number of biological processes and in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, the interest in G4 targeting has exponentially increased in the last few years, and a great number of novel G4 ligands have been developed.

WTAP and mA-modified circRNAs modulation during stress response in acute myeloid leukemia progenitor cells.

N-methyladenosine (mA) is one of the most prevalent and conserved RNA modifications. It controls several biological processes, including the biogenesis and function of circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are a class of covalently closed-single stranded RNAs. Several studies have revealed that proteotoxic stress response induction could be a relevant anticancer therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).