Case report: Navigating the challenges: successful mechanical thrombectomy in a case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery.

Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a highly uncommon abnormal connection between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA), with reported incidences ranging from 0.027 to 0.26%.

Factors associated with poor outcomes after congenital heart surgery in low-resource setting in Pakistan: insight from the IQIC Registry - a descriptive analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the International Quality Improvement Collaborative single-site data from a developing country to identify trends in outcomes and factors associated with poor outcomes.

Design: Retrospective descriptive study.

Setting: The National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.

Aortic Root and Ascending Aorta Replacement with Tricuspid Repair.

Null.

Hugely Dilated Atria Distorting Normal Heart Anatomy.

Null.

Association of recent respiratory illness and influenza with acute myocardial infarction among the Bangladeshi population: A case-control study.

Current evidence suggests that recent acute respiratory infections and seasonal influenza may precipitate acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study examined the potential link between recent clinical respiratory illness (CRI) and influenza, and AMI in Bangladesh. Conducted during the 2018 influenza season at a Dhaka tertiary-level cardiovascular (CV) hospital, it included 150 AMI cases and two control groups: 44 hospitalized cardiac patients without AMI and 90 healthy individuals.

Multivessel Coronary Disease and Severe Atherosclerotic Aorta: Real-World Experience.

: Surgical revascularisation of patients with atherosclerosis of the ascending aorta remains a challenge. Different surgical strategies have been described in coronary surgical patients to offer alternative revascularisation strategies other than the conventional surgical revascularisation in patients unsuitable for it. The aim of this study is to compare the real-world outcomes between two groups of patients who underwent off-pump surgery (left internal mammary artery graft to the left anterior descending artery) or a hybrid with a percutaneous revascularisation procedure at a later stage.

Exploring the role of gut microbiota in autoimmune thyroid disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are characterized by unique immune responses against thyroid antigens and persist over time. The most common types of AITDs are Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). There is mounting evidence that changes in the microbiota may play a role in the onset and development of AITDs.

20-Year follow-up and comparison of valved conduits used for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction: single-centre, propensity score match analysis.

Objectives: Surgical repair of complex congenital heart defects with hypoplasia or atresia of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) may require pulmonary valve implantation or replacement during the primary repair or reoperation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of cryopreserved homografts, bovine jugular vein conduits and decellularized Matrix P Plus N conduits in patients undergoing RVOT reconstruction at a single centre.

Methods: Retrospective, single-centre review of 173 patients with 199 conduits undergoing right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery reconstruction with valved conduit from 2002 to 2022.

Clinical manifestations and outcome of patients with primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in Pakistan. A single-center experience.

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rapidly progressing central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, a free-living amoeba found in warm freshwater. The disease progression is very rapid, and the outcome is nearly always fatal. We aim to describe the disease course in patients admitted with PAM in a tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan between the periods of 2010 to 2021.

Safety Trial of Normothermia on Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Null.

Novel putative biomarkers for infective endocarditis by serum proteomic analysis: a comprehensive review of literature.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a challenging condition with high mortality. Prompt detection of IE has become essential for early and immediate management. The authors aimed to comprehensively review the existing literature on novel putative biomarkers for IE through serum proteomic analysis.

Unfolding the reality of the smoking paradox in a South Asian cohort of patients presenting with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objectives: Smoking is a potent risk factor for coronary artery disease, but there is controversy about its protective nature in terms of prognosis in ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. So, the main objective of this study is to unfold this controversy in a South Asian population in terms of clinical angiographic parameters and its in-hospital outcomes.

Methods: In this study, we included 1756 consecutive patients diagnosed with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Immediate in-hospital outcomes after percutaneous revascularization of acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock.

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a life-threatening complication of acute myocardial infarction with high morbidity and mortality rates. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to improve outcomes in patients with CS.

Aim: To investigate the immediate mortality rates in patients with CS undergoing primary PCI and identify mortality predictors.

Intravenous Vitamin C for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Two Harmonized Randomized Clinical Trials.

Importance: The efficacy of vitamin C for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is uncertain.

Objective: To determine whether vitamin C improves outcomes for patients with COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Two prospectively harmonized randomized clinical trials enrolled critically ill patients receiving organ support in intensive care units (90 sites) and patients who were not critically ill (40 sites) between July 23, 2020, and July 15, 2022, on 4 continents.

Prognostic Significance of Nucleated RBCs in Predicting Mortality Among ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Admitted to the ICU.

Background The nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) are a readily available hematological parameter with potential for risk stratification for mortality. Therefore, our objective was to assess the predictive significance of NRBCs for ICU mortality among ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients admitted to an ICU. Additionally, we aimed to compare the predictive capacity of NRBCs with that of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score and the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score.

Epilepsy awareness days, weeks, and months: Their roles in the fight against epilepsy and the intersectoral global action plan on epilepsy and other neurological disorders.

Objectives: This research sought to find out the epilepsy awareness days around the world and understand the nature and role of the days in the fight against epilepsy in relation to the Intersectoral Global Action Plan (IGAP) on epilepsy and other neurological disorders (2022-2031).

Methods: We conducted a review of journal articles. The databases that we searched were ProQuest Central, EBSCOhost Academic Search Complete, EBSCO Medline, PubMed Central, Wiley Online, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), African Journals Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar.

Long COVID syndrome: psychological and sexual dysfunction among survivors of COVID-19 infection.

Background: To explore the neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbances, and sexual dysfunction in patients with long COVID syndrome, which can help in building better follow-up strategies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional research was undertaken at the premises of a psychiatry unit at a tertiary care unit in Karachi, Pakistan, between August 2022 and April 2023. All individuals aged 18 years or older, who had a history of contracting COVID-19 infection in the last 12 months presented to the department of Psychiatry with neuropsychiatric symptoms were recruited.

Effect of Milk Intake and Calcium-Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum Vitamin D Status.

Vitamin D is important for health and disease. Milk is a good natural source of it, and calcium-vitamin D supplements are widely available over-the-counter and prescribed in clinical practice. But the effect of milk intake and calcium-vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D status is not known.

A Functional Assay for the Determination of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia via Flow Cytometry.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening complication of heparin therapy (both unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin). In our study, we examined a group of 122 patients with suspected HIT. The samples of all patients were analyzed in the first step using an immunoassay (ID-PaGIA Heparin/PF4, Hemos1L-Acustar HIT IgG, ZYMUTEST HIA Monostrip IgG) to detect the presence of antibodies against heparin-PF4 complexes (platelet factor 4).

Prodromal Symptoms in Patients Presenting With Myocardial Infarction.

Background Prodromal symptoms are warning signs of an impending acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, they are often overlooked by both patients and primary clinicians, and little is known about them. Therefore, this study aims to assess the frequency and types of prodromal symptoms in patients with AMI.

Assessment of atrial septal defects using 3-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography prior to percutaneous device closure: first report from Bangladesh.

Background: Secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) is treated following trans-catheter closure in alternative to surgical treatment. Per-intervention selection of device size with balloon occlusive diameter (BOD) often cause tearing or enlarging, causing arrhythmias and hypotension. We assessed the suitability of percutaneous device closure for ASD using 3-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3DTTE).

Long-term follow-up of percutaneous secundum-type atrial septal defect closure using Amplatzer Septal Occluder since 1995: a single-centre study.

Introduction: The goal of this single-centre study was to evaluate long-term results of percutaneous closure of secundum-type atrial septal defect using Amplatzer Septal Occluder with the follow-up to 25 years.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent percutaneous closure of secundum-type atrial septal defect between September 1995 and October 2012 in our institution was performed. All procedures were performed after fulfilling strict indication criteria.