Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease Following Nephrotic Syndrome With Long-Term Steroid Use in a Three-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the common pediatric diseases that require glucocorticoid treatment. Patients with NS might receive steroids for a long time if remission is not achieved. Evidence shows that long-term steroid use may induce osteoporosis in adults and children, and steroid use is well known to be related to avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) in adults.

Diffuse Aspiration Bronchiolitis With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB) is a chronic inflammatory response of the bronchioles caused by repeated aspiration of foreign bodies. It is common among older individuals with dysphagia associated with neurological diseases or dementia. Here, we present the case of a woman in her 40s who was presumed to have developed DAB due to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).

Efficacy of laparoscopic liver resection for small hepatocellular carcinoma located in the posterosuperior segments: A multi-institutional study using propensity score matching by the Kyushu Study Group of Liver Surgery.

Aim: Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) located in the posterosuperior segments (PS) have generally been considered more difficult than those for HCC in anterolateral segments (AL), but may be safe and feasible for selected patients with accumulated experience. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of LLR for single nodular HCCs ≤3 cm located in PS.

Methods: In total, 473 patients who underwent partial liver resection for single nodular HCCs ≤3 cm at the 18 institutions belonging to the Kyusyu Study Group of Liver Surgery from January 2010 to December 2018 were enrolled.

[Internal carotid artery stenosis with repeated ischemic stroke recurrence due to mechanical stimulation by the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage: a case report].

We present a case of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis caused by mechanical stimulation by the hyoid bone (HB) and thyroid cartilage (TC). A 78-year-old man with a history of right ICA stenting four years previously was admitted for abrupt onset of dysarthria and left hemiparesis and diagnosed with ischemic stroke by magnetic resonance imaging. Three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography revealed internal carotid in-stent restenosis.

Sternoclavicular Septic Arthritis Caused by Parvimonas micra and Fusobacterium nucleatum Infection with Intra-articular Corticosteroid Administration.

Sternoclavicular septic arthritis is a rare form of septic arthritis that can lead to fatal complications, such as abscess formation and mediastinitis, in the absence of prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A man in his 40s presented with pain in the right sternoclavicular joint area, and after a joint injection of steroids was administered, he was diagnosed with septic sternoclavicular arthritis caused by Parvimonas micra and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Gram staining of a specimen obtained from the abscess formation area led to early suspicion of anaerobic infection, and appropriate antibiotics were administered.

Cancer progression by the okadaic acid class of tumor promoters and endogenous protein inhibitors of PP2A, SET and CIP2A.

Purpose: Okadaic acid class of tumor promoters are transformed into endogenous protein inhibitors of PP2A, SET, and CIP2A in human cancers. This indicates that inhibition of PP2A activity is a common mechanism of cancer progression in humans. It is important to study the roles of SET and CIP2A vis-à-vis their clinical significance on the basis of new information gathered from a search of PubMed.

Efficacy of left colic artery preservation with D3 lymph node dissection in laparoscopic surgery for advanced sigmoid and rectal cancer.

Purpose: For advanced left colon cancer, lymph node dissection at the root of the inferior mesenteric artery is recommended. Whether the left colic artery (LCA) should be preserved or resected remains contentious.

Methods: The 367 patients who underwent laparoscopic sigmoidectomy or anterior resection and who were pathologically node-positive were reviewed.

Effect of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection of colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis.

Purpose: Several guidelines have recommended surgical resection for localized peritoneal metastases, but the prognosis remains poor. In addition, the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after curative resection is under debate. The present study compared long-term outcomes between curative and non-curative resection and evaluated the effects of AC after curative resection.

Adrenocortical carcinoma mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a relatively rare tumor arising in the adrenal cortex. Its imaging and histopathologic findings are not well known to be similar to those of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We report here a case of ACC with hepatic resection in the preoperative diagnosis of HCC.

Fulminant Guillain-Barré syndrome secondary to infection: An autopsy case report.

The most common infection preceding Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is enteritis, although a few patients present with . We report a case of -induced fulminant GBS. A 61-year-old woman presented with bilateral limb weakness.

Clinical Outcomes of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: To investigate the clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: Among consecutive patients with early-stage NSCLC who received SBRT between November 2009 and September 2019, those with cT1-2N0M0 staged by the UICC TNM classification and staging system for lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Fifty-three patients with early-stage NSCLC received SBRT.

An integrated genetic analysis of epileptogenic brain malformed lesions.

Focal cortical dysplasia is the most common malformation during cortical development, sometimes excised by epilepsy surgery and often caused by somatic variants of the mTOR pathway genes. In this study, we performed a genetic analysis of epileptogenic brain malformed lesions from 64 patients with focal cortical dysplasia, hemimegalencephy, brain tumors, or hippocampal sclerosis. Targeted sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, and single nucleotide polymorphism microarray detected four germline and 35 somatic variants, comprising three copy number variants and 36 single nucleotide variants and indels in 37 patients.

Relationship between perfusion index and central temperature before and after induction of anesthesia in laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery: A prospective cohort study.

The perfusion index (PI) cutoff value before anesthesia induction and the ratio of PI variation after anesthesia induction remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between PI and central temperature during anesthesia induction, and the potential of PI in individualized and effective control of redistribution hypothermia. This prospective observational single center study analyzed 100 gastrointestinal surgeries performed under general anesthesia from August 2021 to February 2022.

Risk factors indicating immune-related adverse events with combination chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and platinum agents in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) ushered in a new era for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, they carry the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Recently, various studies have been conducted on the predictive factors for irAEs, but there are no reports focusing only on ICI plus platinum agents.

Double vision approach applied by two teams for retrosternal gastric conduit for gastric tube cancer.

Gastric tube cancer is classically treated with resection through a midline sternal incision. However, because of its invasiveness and limited reconstructive potential, transdiaphragmatic laparoscopic or thoracoscopic dissection of the gastric tube has been investigated. As resection from only the abdominal or thoracic cavity is difficult, we performed surgery with a thoracic surgeon approaching from the thoracic cavity and an abdominal surgeon simultaneously approaching from the cervical and abdominal regions.

Antibodies against Serum Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Chronic Lung Diseases.

Chronic lung diseases (CLD), including interstitial lung disease (ILD) and airway diseases (ADs), are common complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies are reported to be associated with CLD in RA patients. The presence of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibodies (Abs) is associated with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis developing into rapidly progressive ILD.

Mid-term outcomes of laparoscopic vs open colectomy for pathological T4 and/or N2 colon cancer patients: Multicenter study using propensity score matched analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to assess mid-term outcomes after laparoscopic surgery (LAP) vs open surgery (OP) for pathological T4 (pT4) and/or N2 (pN2) colon cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 255 primary tumor resections for pT4 and/or pN2 colon cancer performed from 2015 to 2020 at six hospitals, divided into LAP (n = 204) and OP groups (n = 51). After propensity score matching to minimize selection bias, 47 matched patients per group were assessed.

Cerebellar Ataxia Caused by Central Nervous System Tuberculosis With Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report.

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious disease with high morbidity and mortality but is often difficult to diagnose owing to less sensitive microbiological techniques. Herein, we present a case where the main complaint was staggering gait; however, the patient was diagnosed with CNS TB associated with pulmonary TB. A woman in her 70s was admitted to our hospital with a two-month history of progressive ataxia.

Risk of fetal undergrowth in the management of gestational diabetes mellitus in Japan.

Aims/introduction: In Japan, the increasing frequency of underweight among women of reproductive age and the accompanying increase in the rate of low birth weight (LBW) are social issues. The study aimed to establish a prospective registry system for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Japan and to clarify the actual status of GDM according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria.

Materials And Methods: Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and those in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group were enrolled in the Diabetes and Pregnancy Outcome for Mother and Baby study from October 2015.

Association of a variant with interstitial lung disease in Japanese rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) occasionally occurs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and confers a dismal prognosis. We previously reported that a single-nucleotide variant (SNV) of was associated with ILD in RA. However, the pathogenesis of ILD in Japanese patients with RA could not be explained solely by this SNV because its frequency is extremely low in the Japanese population.

[Current Position of Callosotomy].

Callosotomy is widely used today as a treatment option for medically refractory epilepsy in patients with generalized or unknown-onset seizures. Other surgical indications include bilaterally distributed, most often synchronous, epileptiform discharges on EEG and some epilepsy syndromes, including Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and infantile spasms/West syndrome. Patients with drop attacks, mainly caused by epileptic spasms or atonic seizures, are most likely to benefit from this procedure.

Endoscopic mucosal ischemic index for predicting anastomotic complications after esophagectomy: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Postoperative complications related to gastric conduit reconstruction are still common issues after McKeown esophagectomy. A novel endoscopic mucosal ischemic index is desired to predict anastomotic complications after McKeown esophagectomy.

Aims And Methods: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic examinations of the anastomotic region in the acute period after esophagectomy.

Clinical Outcomes of Definitive Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Esophageal Cancer.

Background/aim: To investigate the clinical outcomes of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma and analyze the prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-nine patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively identified among consecutive patients who received CCRT between November 2009 and September 2019 at our institution. The patients were treated by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (N=13) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (N=26).