768 results match your criteria: "National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center.[Affiliation]"

The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination therapy with BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors has dramatically improved the prognosis of advanced melanoma. However, since acral melanoma and mucosal melanoma, which are rare in Western countries but are major subtypes of melanoma in East Asia, including Japan, have a low frequency of BRAF mutations, there are currently no treatment options other than immune checkpoint inhibitors in most such cases. Furthermore, owing to a lower tumor mutation burden, immune checkpoint inhibitors are less effective in acral and mucosal melanoma than in cutaneous melanoma.

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Development of a nomogram to predict survival in advanced biliary tract cancer.

Sci Rep

December 2023

Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Oncology Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.

The prognosis of advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients remains poor due to limited efficacy of chemotherapy and difficulties in management. Thus, prediction of survival is crucial for the clinical management of advanced BTC. The aim was to develop and validate a nomogram to predict 6-month and 12-month survival in advanced BTC patients treated with chemotherapy.

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Introduction: Necitumumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GCN) is a standard therapy for patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSqCC). However, the efficacy and tolerability of GCN in second-line or later treatment for patients previously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain unknown.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, cohort study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of GCN initiated between November 1, 2019 and March 31, 2022 as second-line to fourth-line treatment in patients with advanced LSqCC who had been pretreated with ICIs.

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Background/aim: The organ-specific therapeutic effects of avelumab for the maintenance treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) are unclear.

Patients And Methods: Patients who received avelumab for advanced UC that had not progressed with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and who had measurable disease were retrospectively analyzed. The organ-specific response was evaluated, and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated.

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Introduction: Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLP) was initially defined as a tumor containing differentiated liposarcoma and distinct regions of nonlipogenic spindle cell or pleomorphic sarcoma. Retroperitoneal liposarcomas feature a characteristic appearance with a predominantly fatty component, and cystic liposarcomas are rare. We describe a case of retroperitoneal DDLP predominantly consisting of multilocular cysts.

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Oncocytic carcinoma of the breast is rare and its molecular profiles remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been identified as contributors to carcinogenesis at the post-transcriptional level; thus, an aberrant expression of miRNAs has attracted attention as a potential biomarker of numerous diseases, including cancer. The present study reports the case of a 76-year-old woman diagnosed with oncocytic carcinoma of the breast.

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Purpose: In this study, we aimed to establish a method for predicting the probability of each acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) grade during the head and neck Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) radiotherapy planning phase based on Bayesian probability.

Methods: The skin dose volume >50 Gy (V), calculated using the treatment planning system, was used as a factor related to skin toxicity. The empirical distribution of each ARD grade relative to V was obtained from the ARD grades of 119 patients (55, 50, and 14 patients with G1, G2, and G3, respectively) determined by head and neck cancer specialists.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study found that combining anti-CD20 antibody with chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival in untreated advanced-stage follicular lymphoma (FL), but the best treatment approach remains uncertain.
  • A long-term analysis of a clinical trial using R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) showed a 15-year overall survival rate of 76.2% among 248 patients.
  • The study reported no treatment-related deaths and low incidences of new malignancies, confirming that R-CHOP is both effective and safe as a first-line treatment for advanced FL over an extended follow-up period.
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Background: Established prognostic factors for treatment response to cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors are currently lacking. We aimed to investigate the relationship of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) to abemaciclib outcomes.

Patients And Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of data from MONARCH 2, a phase III study of abemaciclib or placebo plus fulvestrant in hormone-receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer that progressed on endocrine therapy.

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Background: Evaluation for activating mutations in , , and in colorectal cancer (CRC) and in in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is essential for clinical care. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows convenient assessment of a tumor's molecular profile, however low tumor DNA shedding limits sensitivity. We investigated mutant allele frequency (MAF) of other oncogenic dominant genes to identify a threshold for accurate detection of and mutations in cfDNA.

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Article Synopsis
  • Treatment strategies and prognoses for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) vary depending on whether the primary tumor is left-sided or right-sided.
  • A study involving 531 patients found significant differences in overall survival based on tumor sidedness and specific gene alterations.
  • The analysis showed that gain-of-function (GOF) variants were poor prognostic factors for left-sided CRC, while non-GOF variants and specific alterations had poor implications for right-sided colon cancer.
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Background: Total pharyngolaryngectomy (TPL) is standard treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer. However, extensive thyroidectomy and paratracheal nodal dissection (PTND) can cause hypoparathyroidism. We sought to determine the optimum extent of resection.

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Background: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is promising for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Although a phase III study failed to show a statistically significant superiority of intraperitoneal paclitaxel combined with S-1 and intravenous paclitaxel, the sensitivity analysis suggested clinical efficacy. Thus, attempts to combine intraperitoneal paclitaxel with other systemic therapies with higher efficacy have been warranted.

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We conducted a phase 3 clinical trial to compare the efficacy of platinum-based combination chemotherapy together with nivolumab plus ipilimumab relative to that of platinum-based combination chemotherapy together with pembrolizumab in previously untreated patients with advanced NSCLC. The trial was terminated prematurely after treatment of 295 patients because of a high proportion of treatment-related deaths, three of which were due to cytokine release syndrome (CRS), in the nivolumab plus ipilimumab treatment arm. In addition, we encountered two cases of CRS that were effectively managed, for a total of five cases (3.

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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the sole curative therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). However, whether bridging therapy (BRT) including azacitidine (AZA) and combination chemotherapy (CCT) prior to allo-SCT should be performed is unclear. We analyzed BRT and the outcomes of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with excess blasts (MDS-EB) who were ≤ 70 years old at the time of registration for a prospective observational study to clarify the optimal allo-SCT strategy for high-risk MDS.

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Aim: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the preoperative cachexia index (CXI) and long-term outcomes in patients who have undergone radical resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: In total, 144 patients who underwent pancreatic resection for treatment of PDAC were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between the CXI and the patients' long-term outcomes after PDAC resection was investigated.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Epcoritamab, a bispecific antibody targeting CD3 and CD20, showed promising results in treating relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a global phase II trial (EPCORE NHL-1), demonstrating deep and lasting responses with manageable side effects.
  • - The phase I/II trial (EPCORE NHL-3) focused on Japanese patients with R/R CD20 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who had received two or more prior treatments, revealing an overall response rate of 55.6% and a complete response rate of 44.4% at a median follow-up of 8.4 months after receiving subcutaneous epcoritamab.
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Survival outcomes including salvage therapy of adult head and neck para-meningeal rhabdomyosarcoma: a multicenter retrospective study from Japan.

BMC Cancer

October 2023

Department of Oncology and Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Japan.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, but rare in adults. Para-meningeal rhabdomyosarcoma in head and neck (PM-HNRMS) is less applicable for surgery due to the anatomic reason. PM-HNRMS has a poor prognosis in children.

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Sotorasib plus Panitumumab in Refractory Colorectal Cancer with Mutated G12C.

N Engl J Med

December 2023

From Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (M.G.F.), and Amgen, Thousand Oaks (E.C., J.C., Y.S., Q.T.) - both in California; Oncologia Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, and Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome (L.S.), the Oncology Department, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia (F.M.), the Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa (C.C.), and the Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan (F.P.) - all in Italy; the Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka (T.E.), and the Experimental Therapeutics and GI Oncology Department, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa (Y.K.) - both in Japan; the Medicine Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin (D.P.M.); the Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona (D.P.L.-B.); Université Paris Cité, Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer, Cancer Research for Personalized Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris (J.T.); the Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens-School of Medicine, Athens (M.V.K.); Gastrointestinal Oncology Department and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City (E.R.-G.); the Oncology Department, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (T.W.K.); the Medicine Department, Royal Marsden Hospital, London (D.C.); and the Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, and the Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine - both in Taipei (K.H.Y.).

Background: G12C is a mutation that occurs in approximately 3 to 4% of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Monotherapy with KRAS G12C inhibitors has yielded only modest efficacy. Combining the KRAS G12C inhibitor sotorasib with panitumumab, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, may be an effective strategy.

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This prospective observational study aimed to assess the serological response and safety after the third booster shot of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in 292 hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. In our patients, mild systemic reactions were present in 10-40% and GVHD aggravation in 1.1%.

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Article Synopsis
  • The phase III IMPACT study evaluated the effectiveness of adjuvant gefitinib compared to cisplatin plus vinorelbine (cis/vin) for patients with completely resected EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • Although the study didn't meet its main goal of improving disease-free survival (DFS), researchers focused on identifying molecular predictors of gefitinib's effectiveness among 202 patients analyzed for cancer-related gene mutations.
  • Key findings revealed that NOTCH1 co-mutations indicated a poorer overall survival in the gefitinib group, while CREBBP co-mutations suggested better outcomes in terms of DFS and overall survival for the cis/vin group.
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Renal impairment may be associated with an increased risk of hematologic events (AEs) in patients undergoing treatment with trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI). This study aimed to investigate the specific types of AEs linked to renal impairment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving FTD/TPI, using real-world data. Among the patients included in the REGOTAS study (a retrospective study of FTD/TPI versus regorafenib), those treated with FTD/TPI were evaluated.

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