CFTR dictates monocyte adhesion by facilitating integrin clustering but not activation.

Monocytes are critical in controlling tissue infections and inflammation. Monocyte dysfunction contributes to the inflammatory pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF) caused by CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations, making CF a clinically relevant disease model for studying the contribution of monocytes to inflammation. Although CF monocytes exhibited adhesion defects, the precise mechanism is unclear.

Temporal changes in hospital readmissions for postpartum hypertension in the US, 2010 to 2019; a serial cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Hypertension is the most common primary diagnosis associated with postpartum readmissions within 42 days of delivery hospitalization. In the United States, nearly half of the cases of eclampsia, a severe form of preeclampsia, develop during the postpartum period, and the postpartum onset of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, like antepartum hypertension poses long-term health risks to pregnant individuals, including an increased likelihood of developing overall cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and chronic hypertension. In this paper, we estimate the trends in the incidence of readmissions for postpartum hypertension within 42 days of delivery discharge in the US, disaggregated by median household income.

Air quality and the risk of acute atrial fibrillation (EP-PARTICLES study): A nationwide study in Poland.

Aim: Air pollution remains the single largest environmental health risk factor, while atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia globally. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term exposure to air pollution and acute AF admissions.

Methods: Individual data on AF hospitalization in the years 2011-2020 were collected from the National Health Fund in Poland (ICD-10: I48.

Strategies to Optimise the Engagement of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations in Cardiac Research: A Systematic Review.

Aims: Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations remain underrepresented in cardiovascular disease (CVD) research despite their higher disease burden compared to non-CALD populations. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the available literature on strategies to engage CALD participants in CVD research.

Methods And Results: Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were searched for literature up until May 2024.

Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors in acute coronary syndrome patients on endothelial function and atherosclerosis related-biomarkers: ATH-SGLT2i pilot study.

Little is known about the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on atherosclerosis. We aimed to determine if a 90-day intake of Dapagliflozin could improve atherosclerosis biomarkers (namely endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilatation [FMD] and carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT]) in diabetic and non-diabetic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients when initiated in the early in-hospital phase. ATH-SGLT2i was a prospective, single-center, observational trial that included 113 SGLT2i naive patients who were admitted for ACS and who were prescribed Dapagliflozin at a fixed dose of 10 mg during their hospital stay for either type 2 diabetes or for heart failure.

Association Between Surgeon Stress and Major Surgical Complications.

Importance: Surgeon stress can influence technical and nontechnical skills, but the consequences for patient outcomes remain unknown.

Objective: To investigate whether surgeon physiological stress, as assessed by sympathovagal balance, is associated with postoperative complications.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter prospective cohort study included 14 surgical departments involving 7 specialties within 4 university hospitals in Lyon, France.

Interactions of Chronic Stress Exposure and Stress Appraisal on Vascular Endothelial Function Among Young Adults.

We investigated the associations of ongoing, chronic stress exposure and stress appraisal on vascular endothelial function (VEF) in young adults. In 72 healthy young adults (74% female; age = 25±1 y), we assessed chronic stress exposure and appraisal with a measure that quantified chronic stress exposure and chronic stress appraisal related to 8 specific stressors over the last year. Participants completed the perceived stress scale (PSS) as a measure of global, proximal stress appraisal.

Time course of hospitalizations in patients with heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease around sleep-disordered-breathing diagnosis.

Purpose: In heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) populations, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with impaired health outcomes. We evaluated whether in patients with HF, concomitant HF and COPD or COPD, the number of hospitalizations would be reduced in the year after testing for SDB with and without treatment initiation compared to the year before.

Methods: We performed a multicentre retrospective study of 390 consecutive sleep-clinic patients who had a primary diagnosis of chronic HF, HF and COPD or COPD and a secondary diagnosis of SDB.

Reduced antioxidant high-density lipoprotein function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome affecting a growing global population. Due to the high incidence of cardiovascular risk factors, a large proportion of the Western population is at risk for heart failure. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Development of a Framework for the Hemodynamic Impact of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Normal and Heart Failure Conditions.

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improves respiratory conditions. However, the complex interaction between PEEP and hemodynamics in heart failure patients makes it challenging to determine appropriate PEEP settings. In this study, we developed a framework for the impact of PEEP on hemodynamics considering cardiac function, by integrating the impact of PEEP in the generalized circulatory equilibrium framework, and validated the framework by assessing its ability to accurately predict PEEP-induced hemodynamics.

Comparing the Introduction and Implementation of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) in Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States: An Integrative Review.

Previous studies suggest that NIPT's implementation differed widely across countries but offer limited insight into what shaped these differences. To address this gap, we conducted an in-depth analysis of how NIPT was incorporated into prenatal care in the US, the Netherlands, and Japan-countries with similar economic status-to identify actionable lessons. We conducted an integrative literature review on the process of introducing and implementing NIPT, stakeholders' roles, documented considerations in the decision to introduce NIPT, implementation choices, and NIPT uptake.

NR1D1 Inhibition Enhances Autophagy and Mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease Models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by extracellular beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular Tau tangles, leading to progressive cognitive decline and neuronal dysfunction. Impaired autophagy, a process by which a cell breaks down and destroys damaged or abnormal proteins and other substances, contributes to AD progression. This study investigated Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1 Group D Member 1 (NR1D1) as a potential therapeutic target for modulating autophagy.

General Kernel Machine Methods for Multi-Omics Integration and Genome-Wide Association Testing With Related Individuals.

Integrating multi-omics data may help researchers understand the genetic underpinnings of complex traits and diseases. However, the best ways to integrate multi-omics data and use them to address pressing scientific questions remain a challenge. One important and topical problem is how to assess the aggregate effect of multiple genomic data types (e.

Fibrotic and Emphysematous Murine Lung Mechanics Under Negative-Pressure Ventilation.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide and the progressive nature heightens the calamity of the disease. Despite countless existing COPD studies, lung mechanics are often reported under positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) and implications and extrapolations made from these studies pose serious restrictions as recent works have divulged disparate elastic and energetic results between PPV and more physiological negative-pressure counterparts (NPV). This non-equivalence of PPV and NPV needs to be investigated under diseased states to augment our understanding of disease mechanics.

The role of multi-modality imaging for the assessment of left atrium and left atrial appendage. A clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

Structural, architectural, contractile or electrophysiological alterations may occur in the left atrium (LA). The concept of LA cardiopathy is supported by accumulating scientific evidence demonstrating that LA remodeling has become a cornerstone diagnostic and prognostic marker. The structure and the function of LA and left atrial appendage (LAA) which is an integral part of the LA, are key elements for a better understanding of multiple clinical conditions, most notably atrial fibrillation (AF), cardioembolism, heart failure and mitral valve diseases.

Leveraging Optical Anisotropy of the Morpho Butterfly Wing for Quantitative, Stain-Free, and Contact-Free Assessment of Biological Tissue Microstructures.

Changes in the density and organization of fibrous biological tissues often accompany the progression of serious diseases ranging from fibrosis to neurodegenerative diseases, heart disease and cancer. However, challenges in cost, complexity, or precision faced by existing imaging methodologies and materials pose barriers to elucidating the role of tissue microstructure in disease. Here, we leverage the intrinsic optical anisotropy of the Morpho butterfly wing and introduce Morpho-Enhanced Polarized Light Microscopy (MorE-PoL), a stain- and contact-free imaging platform that enhances and quantifies the birefringent material properties of fibrous biological tissues.

An Injectable Multifunctional Nanosweeper Eliminates Cardiac Mitochondrial DNA to Reduce Inflammation.

Myocarditis, a leading cause of sudden cardiac death and heart transplantation, poses significant treatment challenges. The study of clinical samples from myocarditis patients reveals a correlation between the pathogenesis of myocarditis and cardiomyocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). During inflammation, the concentration of mtDNA in cardiomyocytes increases.

HDL-associated vitamin D binding protein levels are inversely associated with necrotic plaque burden in psoriasis.

Background And Aims: Vitamin D binding protein (DBP) serves a dual function as a vitamin D carrier and actin scavenger. Free DBP is present in high concentrations in serum, while a smaller pool is bound to lipoproteins like HDL and VLDL. The role of DBP's interaction with lipoproteins remains unclear.

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition Risk in Patients With Valvular Heart Disease.

Background: Previous studies on the prevalence and prognosis of nutritional status in valvular heart disease (VHD) were primarily limited to aortic stenosis. The nutritional status of other types of VHDs remained an underexplored area.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition risk in different types of VHD and investigate the association between malnutrition risk and adverse clinical events.

Complications of transvenous lead extraction-focus on tricuspid valve damage: a case report.

Background: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) has become an essential component of lead management strategies, but it carries the risk of severe complications, including damage to the tricuspid valve. Currently, there are no established predictors that can help prevent these complications.

Case Summary: An 84-year-old male with a dual-chamber pacemaker was admitted to the hospital due to a pocket fistula resulting from a local infection.

Differences in splicing factors may predict type 2 diabetes remission in the CORDIOPREV study.

Alternative splicing is a post-transcriptional process resulting in multiple protein isoforms from a single gene. Abnormal splicing may lead to metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To identify the splicing factor expression that predicts T2DM remission in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, we identified newly diagnosed T2DM at baseline ( = 190) from the CORDIOPREV study.

The impact of highly effective modulator therapy on sinusitis and dysosmia in young children with cystic fibrosis: a prospective study protocol.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and olfactory dysfunction (OD) are prevalent disease complications in people with cystic fibrosis. These understudied comorbidities significantly impact quality of life. The impact of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) in young children with cystic fibrosis (YCwCF) on these disease complications is unknown.

Conventional and regionally distinctive risk factors for first-onset myocardial infarction: the Bangladesh Risk of Acute Vascular Events (BRAVE) case-control study.

Background: South Asians may be particularly susceptible to premature myocardial infarction (MI) owing both to conventional cardiovascular risk factors and practices distinctive to South Asia. Identifying modifiable risk factors for MI in these populations could inform prevention strategies. We have, therefore, studied conventional risk factors and other characteristics in relation to occurrence of first MI in Bangladesh.

Protective role of savory essential oil on vital organs in rats against deleterious effects induced by lead acetate.

The damaging effects of heavy metal exposure on vital organs like the heart, liver, kidneys, and brain can be lowered by natural compounds' anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant capacity. In the current investigation, the protective potential of savory()essential oil (EO) against lead acetate-induced multi-organ damage in rats was evaluated. Thirty female Wister Albino rats were divided into the following groups: normal, positive control given lead acetate without concomitant treatment, reference given ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid and groups treated with savory EO (0.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in a Patient With a Lung Mass: Any Link?

A 52-year-old female patient with a history of atrial septal defect repair presented with progressive dyspnea and echocardiographic findings suggestive of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Incidentally, a lung mass was discovered on computed tomography (CT). Initial evaluation revealed World Health Organization functional class III symptoms and significant weight loss.