Wheat Leaf Rust Effector Pt48115 Localized in the Chloroplasts and Suppressed Wheat Immunity.

Wheat leaf rust caused by () is a prevalent disease worldwide, seriously threatening wheat production. acquires nutrients from host cells via haustoria and secretes effector proteins to modify and regulate the expression of host disease resistance genes, thereby facilitating pathogen growth and reproduction. The study of effector proteins is of great significance for clarifying the pathogenic mechanisms of and effective control of leaf rust.

Transcription factor ZjABF1 promotes sugar accumulation and abiotic resistance by positively regulating the expression of sugar transport protein ZjSWEET11 and ZjSWEET18 in Chinese jujube.

Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) exhibits a remarkable resilience to both drought and salinity. Additionally, it is characterized by a high sugar content, with sucrose being the predominant component of its soluble sugars.

Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acid as an Alternative to Promote the Rooting of Persimmon Rootstock Shoot Cuttings.

Organic acids are naturally present in plants and exert a positive influence on plant development, which justifies surveying their potential effect on adventitious root (AR) formation. In this study, 0.0298 mol/L (4000 mg/L) of malic acid and 0.

A comparative investigation on the extraction-function relationship of polysaccharides derived from moringa oleifera seeds in terms of antioxidant capacity.

Owing to the hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and other beneficial bioactivities of Moringa oleifera seeds (MOS), the antioxidant activities and physicochemical characteristics of deproteinized polysaccharides extracted using hot water (MSWP) and alkali (MSAP) from MOS were systematically studied. MSAP exhibited higher antioxidant activity than MSWP in vitro. Subsequently, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated after oral administration of MSAP in diabetic rats.

A thaumatin-like effector protein suppresses the rust resistance of wheat and promotes the pathogenicity of Puccinia triticina by targeting TaRCA.

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) in plants play a crucial role in combating stress, and they have been proven to possess antifungal properties. However, the role of TLPs in pathogens has not been reported. We identified a effector protein, Pt9029, which contained a Thaumatin domain in Puccinia triticina (Pt), possessing a chloroplast transit peptide and localized in the chloroplasts.

Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of peach leaves and fruits in response to pruning.

Background: Pruning is an important cultivation management option that has important effects on peach yield and quality. However, the effects of pruning on the overall genetic and metabolic changes in peach leaves and fruits are poorly understood.

Results: The transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of leaves and fruits from trees subjected to pruning and unpruning treatments were measured.

MdSnRK1.1 interacts with MdGLK1 to regulate abscisic acid-mediated chlorophyll accumulation in apple.

Abscisic acid (ABA), as a plant hormone, plays a positive role in leaf chlorosis; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is less known. Our findings provide ABA treatment reduced the chlorophyll accumulation in apple, and Sucrose Non-fermenting 1-Related Protein Kinase 1.1 ( participates in the process.

Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of response of walnuts () to infection.

Introduction: Walnut blight is a serious bacterial disease that affects the yield and quality of walnuts. is one of the main causative agents of walnut blight. However, there have been few studies on the response of walnuts to infection.

Alkalihalobacillus clausii PA21 transcriptome profiling and functional analysis revealed the metabolic pathway involved in glycoalkaloids degradation.

Glycoalkaloids (GAs), including α-solanine and α-chaconine, are secondary metabolites found in potato, which are toxic to higher animals. In a previous study, Alkalihalobacillus clausii PA21 showed the capacity to degrade GAs. Herein, the transcriptome response of PA21 to α-solanine or α-chaconine was evaluated.

Study on R6-3 from Sayram Ketteki to prevent chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in mice through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

The prevention, mitigation and treatment of depression has become a global issue that needs to be solved urgently. Sayram Ketteki, a traditional natural fermented yoghurt from the region with the world's fourth highest life expectancy, has been known as the "longevity secret", whose longevity and anti-depression factors are speculated to come from its rich microorganisms. Therefore, for the first time, we systematically studied in depth the microbes of Sayram Ketteki, screened a new edible probiotic strain, R6-3, and explored its anti-depression effect in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in mice.

Wheat leaf rust fungus effector Pt13024 is avirulent to TcLr30.

Wheat leaf rust, caused by Eriks. (), is a global wheat disease threatening wheat production. Dissecting how effector proteins interact with wheat has great significance in understanding the pathogenicity mechanisms of .

Copper inhibits postacidification of yogurt and affects its flavor: A study based on the Cop operon.

Yogurt and its related products are popular worldwide. During transportation and storage, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus in yogurt continues to metabolize to form lactic acid, the postacidification phenomenon of yogurt.

Niacin inhibits post-acidification of yogurt based on the mining of LDB_RS00370 biomarker gene.

The post-acidification of yogurt results in short shelf life, undesirable flavor, and sour taste, making it unacceptable to consumers. Many scholars have proposed several solutions to this problem. However, the existing methods of inhibiting post-acidification cannot fundamentally solve this problem.

Mechanism of gastrointestinal adaptability and antioxidant function of infant-derived BF_15 through genomics.

Unlabelled: is an essential probiotic in the human gastrointestinal tract. BF_15, a functional probiotic isolated from the feces of breast-fed infants, has been reported in many in vitro and in vivo studies with strong gastrointestinal adaptability and outstanding anti-oxidative activities. Therefore, the whole genome of BF_15 was sequenced.

ITGβ6 Facilitates Skeletal Muscle Development by Maintaining the Properties and Cytoskeleton Stability of Satellite Cells.

Integrin proteins are important receptors connecting the intracellular skeleton of satellite cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM), playing an important role in the process of skeletal muscle development. In this research, the function of ITGβ6 in regulating the differentiation of satellite cells was studied. Transcriptome and proteome analysis indicated that is a key node connecting ECM-related proteins to the cytoskeleton, and it is necessary for the integrity of the membrane structure and stability of the cytoskeletal system, which are essential for satellite cell adhesion.

MdMYB10 affects nitrogen uptake and reallocation by regulating the nitrate transporter MdNRT2.4-1 in the red flesh apple.

Nitrate is the major nitrogen sources for higher plants. In addition to serving not only as a nutrient, it is also a signaling molecule that regulates plant growth and development. Although membrane-bound nitrate transporter/peptide transporters (NRT/PTR) have been extensively studied and shown to regulate nitrate uptake and movement, little is known about how these factors are regulated by the external nitrogen environment.

Global transcriptomic analysis of subsp ATCC11842 reveals the role of in the post-acidification of yogurt.

During the storage of yogurt, acid-resistant bacteria continue to produce lactic acid (, post-acidification process), leading to undesirable taste and flavor. Many methods have been proposed to inhibit post-acidification. However, the specific genes involved during this biological process have not yet been systematically studied.

Extracellular matrix: an important regulator of cell functions and skeletal muscle development.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a kind of connective tissue in the cell microenvironment, which is of great significance to tissue development. ECM in muscle fiber niche consists of three layers: the epimysium, the perimysium, and the endomysium (basal lamina). These three layers of connective tissue structure can not only maintain the morphology of skeletal muscle, but also play an important role in the physiological functions of muscle cells, such as the transmission of mechanical force, the regeneration of muscle fiber, and the formation of neuromuscular junction.

Study on the occurrence law and green control of grape gray mold from the perspective of ecological balance.

With the increase of grape planting years, the base number of pathogenic seedlings and insect population is gradually rising. In addition, the introduction, breeding system and control of seedlings are not standardized and other human factors, the occurrence of () on grape is becoming more and more serious, resulting in a prominent problem of yield decline. In this paper, the occurrence of was monitored and its control effect was tested from the perspective of ecological balance.

Identification and Predictions Regarding the Biosynthesis Pathway of Polyene Macrolides Produced by Streptomyces roseoflavus Men-myco-93-63.

A group of polyene macrolides mainly composed of two constituents was isolated from the fermentation broth of Men-myco-93-63, which was isolated from soil where potato scabs were repressed naturally. One of these macrolides was roflamycoin, which was first reported in 1968, and the other was a novel compound named Men-myco-A, which had one methylene unit more than roflamycoin. Together, they were designated RM.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism involving ethylene and cell wall modification related genes in Diospyros kaki fruit firmness during ripening.

Rapid loss of firmness is a major handicap for persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) transportation and retail. The present study employed a comparative transcriptomic approach to elucidate the mechanism involving ethylene and cell wall modification related genes in fruit firmness control of two cultivars during post harvest ripening.