Health-Promoting Behaviors in Male Patients with Opioid Use Disorder: An Exploratory Study.

Health-promoting lifestyle and behaviors play a crucial role in the prognosis of an illness as well as in healing. With the significant global burden of unhealthy lifestyle choices, their impact on individuals with substance use disorders can be particularly burdensome, hampering overall well-being. This study assesses health-promoting lifestyle and behavior and dietary habits among treatment-seeking male patients with opioid use disorders.

Global Assessment of Training Needs in Addiction Medicine.

Introduction: A minority of addiction patients receive appropriate treatment directly from trained professionals in addiction medicine. Most countries have not recognized addiction medicine (AM) as a specialty in its own right or within psychiatry/other specialties. Therefore, the effectiveness and organization of AM training around the world need to be improved.

Heart Rate Variability for Supplementing Withdrawal Assessment in Patients with Opioid Dependence: An Exploratory Study.

Background: Management of opioid dependence requires titrating medication doses based on withdrawal symptoms, but its clinical assessment presents challenges when it comes to subjective reporting. This study aimed to find out the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and opioid withdrawal in patients with opioid dependence.

Methods: Three groups of adult males were recruited: (a) patients with opioid dependence undergoing inpatient detoxification, (b) patients with opioid dependence stabilized on buprenorphine-based opioid substitution treatment, and (c) healthy controls.

Comparing Marital Adjustment in Couples Having Alcohol- or Opioid-dependent Husbands.

Background: Substance use disorder is a complex bio-psycho-social phenomenon affecting the intimate relationship of substance users with their wives. Marital adjustment may be affected due to the ongoing substance use involving the family unit.

Aim: The present study aimed to compare marital adjustment between alcohol- or opioid-dependent patients and their spouses.

Therapeutic experience with tramadol for opioid dependence: A prospective observational study from India.

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder with significant mortality, morbidity, and public health challenges. In India, tramadol is frequently used for the treatment and management of OUDs.

Methodology: A prospective observational study was performed to evaluate 3-month outcomes in outpatients with OUD on treatment with tramadol at a tertiary care addiction treatment facility in North India.

Buprenorphine 'microdosing' method for switching patients with opioid dependence from methadone to buprenorphine.

Various factors limit the acceptability of methadone as an opioid agonist treatment (OAT), in which case, buprenorphine becomes the preferred alternative. The classical approach is to gradually taper methadone to a low dose and buprenorphine is initiated after some opioid-free period, which generally takes weeks. A novel approach known as 'microdosing' or the 'Bernese method' might serve as a valuable alternative.

Naltrexone and its Effects on Craving and Alcohol Use among Patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndroms: A Report.

Background: Naltrexone is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anti-craving agent for the long-term treatment of alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS). However, it may not be equally effective in all patients. This study aims to assess naltrexone treatment response over four weeks in a national-level tertiary care setting.

Assessment of Severity of Substance use for Outcomes Research and Treatment (ASSORT): A substance use severity scale developed and validated across six tertiary care centers in India.

Background And Aims: Assessment of the severity of substance use disorders (SUDs) in a culture-sensitive manner can help gauge the current condition of the substance user and assess change with time. The present study aimed to develop a scale for the assessment of the severity of SUDs in the Indian clinical context.

Methods: Based upon the review of literature on previously available instruments and a consultative meeting of experts, a clinician-rated scale was developed that finally comprised 41 items.

Exploring risk factors and determinants: A scoping review of factors associated with nomophobia.

Background: Nomophobia or no-mobile-phone phobia, defined as the fear of being unable to use or being unreachable via one's mobile phone. The pervasive concern has varied bio-psychosocial and clinical implications in an individual's life. Nomophobia is currently in an exploratory phase.

Description of Nomophobia Among College Students: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Background: Nomophobia is a situational phobia evoked by unavailability of smart phone or the thought of the possibility of not having it, not being able to use it and losing it. Currently used instruments for assessment of severity of nomophobia offers challenges of administration and have limited applicability in the Indian setting. Therefore, this study was aimed to depict and understand the lived experience of college students with nomophobia and making sense of it.

Determination of Sample Size for Different Clinical Study Designs.

Aim: This study illustrates parameters, procedures, and calculations for the statistical determination of sample size for different clinical study designs.

Materials And Methods: In any research process, the sample size is an important consideration for the implementation of the planned study. From time to time, literature on sample size has been documented in the medical literature.

Endoscopic Glue Injection vs Glue Plus BRTO or TIPSS for Preventing Gastric Variceal Bleeding: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Aims: The study sought to compare the efficacy of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy with cyanoacrylate glue (EIS-CYA) vs EIS-CYA plus a radiologic intervention (RI) (either transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration) for secondary prophylaxis in patients with liver cirrhosis who presented with acute variceal bleeding from cardiofundal varices. Primary outcome measure was gastric varix (GV) rebleed rates at 1 year.

Methods: Consecutive cirrhosis patients with acute variceal bleeding from cardiofundal varices were randomized into 2 arms (45 in each) after primary hemostasis by EIS-CYA.

Assessment of treatment retention rates and predictors of retention on opioid agonist treatment among adolescents.

Introduction: Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is an effective treatment for opioid dependence syndrome in adults. However, studies on effectiveness of OAT in adolescents are limited; existing studies show varying retention rates. The present study aimed to assess OAT retention rates in adolescent patients with opioid dependence syndrome registered in a community drug treatment clinic in Delhi, India, and to analyse factors associated with retention at 1 year.

Functional connectivity changes in meditators and novices during yoga nidra practice.

Yoga nidra (YN) practice aims to induce a deeply relaxed state akin to sleep while maintaining heightened awareness. Despite the growing interest in its clinical applications, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying neural correlates of the practice of YN remains largely unexplored. In this fMRI investigation, we aim to discover the differences between wakeful resting states and states attained during YN practice.

Implementation of the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision behavioural indicators for disorders of intellectual development with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder.

Background: The classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11) includes a comprehensive set of behavioural indicators (BIs) within the neurodevelopmental disorders grouping. BIs can be used to assess the severity of disorders of intellectual development in situations in which standardised measures of intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviours are not available or feasible. This international study examines the implementation characteristics of the BIs and compares them to standardised measures for assessing the severity of intellectual impairment and adaptive behaviours in disorders of intellectual development and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

When a Sibling Has Autism: Narrative Review of Interventions for Typically Developing Siblings.

Being a typically developing sibling to a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD-Sib) can be associated with several behavioral and mental health problems. With this understanding, researchers are beginning to focus on sibling-oriented interventions. This review seeks to evaluate the current literature on such interventions.

Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and its relation with cannabis use disorder and schizophrenia: A cross-sectional exploratory study in patients at a tertiary care hospital.

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has considerable relevance in neural growth and differentiation. It has been evaluated as a biomarker for individuals with various psychiatric disorders such as substance-related disorders and psychotic disorders.

Objective: The present study explored differences in the levels of BDNF (in serum) among subjects using cannabis (with and without schizophrenia).

The prevalence of depression in people following limb amputation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression in people with limb amputation. Additionally, factors affecting the prevalence or pattern of depression following limb amputation were explored.

Methods: Systematic literature search to identify all relevant studies assessing prevalence of depression following limb amputations was conducted through following databases: PubMed/ MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science.