Early Alpha-Fetoprotein Response Predicts Sustained Tumor Response Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Combined with Targeted Therapy in Liver Cancer.

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized liver cancer treatment, some patients experience early tumor progression after therapy, missing the window for other potential treatments, such as neoadjuvant therapy. Therefore, identifying the predictive factors for early progression is critical for timely therapeutic adjustment and the optimization of patient outcomes. This retrospective study enrolled patients with liver cancer who received their first ICI combined with targeted therapy at the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital between June 2022 and December 2023.

CDCM: a correlation-dependent connectivity map approach to rapidly screen drugs during outbreaks of infectious diseases.

In the context of the global damage caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the emergence of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern, research into methods that can rapidly test potential therapeutics during an outbreak of a new infectious disease is urgently needed. Computational drug discovery is an effective way to solve such problems. The existence of various large open databases has mitigated the time and resource consumption of traditional drug development and improved the speed of drug discovery.

scBubbletree: computational approach for visualization of single cell RNA-seq data.

Background: Visualization approaches transform high-dimensional data from single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) experiments into two-dimensional plots that are used for analysis of cell relationships, and as a means of reporting biological insights. Yet, many standard approaches generate visuals that suffer from overplotting, lack of quantitative information, and distort global and local properties of biological patterns relative to the original high-dimensional space.

Results: We present scBubbletree, a new, scalable method for visualization of scRNA-seq data.

The crucial roles and research advances of cGAS‑STING pathway in liver diseases.

Inflammation responses have identified as a key mediator of in various liver diseases with high morbidity and mortality. cGAS-STING signalling is essential in innate immunity since it triggers release of type I interferons and various of proinflammatory cytokines. The potential connection between cGAS-STING pathway and liver inflammatory diseases has recently been reported widely.

Efforts made, challenges faced, and recommendations provided by stakeholders involved in mpox prevention and control in China: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Mpox continues to spread in China, and stakeholders' experiences may help inform prevention and control strategies.

Study Design: Qualitative study.

Methods: A qualitative study across 14 Chinese cities recruited stakeholders from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs), community-based organizations (CBOs), and hospitals involved in curbing mpox.

Development of a dual-component biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of influenza H7 and H5 subtypes.

The outbreak of highly pathogenic influenza virus subtypes, such as H7 and H5, presents a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic methods. In this study, we have developed a novel dual-component biosensor assembly, each component of which incorporates an antibody fused with a nano-luciferase subunit. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of this biosensor in enabling the rapid and sensitive detection of influenza H7 and other subtypes.

Prediction of hepatic artery occlusion after liver transplantation by ultrasound characteristics and clinical risk factors.

Background: Hepatic artery occlusion (HAO) after liver transplantation (LT) is a devastating complication, resulting in early graft loss and reduced overall survival. Ultrasound is an established assessment method for HAO in patients following LT, especially those with complex hepatic artery reconstruction.

Aim: To investigate the ultrasound characteristics and analyze the risk factors associated with HAO in patients after LT.

Activation of CD14+ Monocytes via the IFN-γ Signaling Pathway Is Associated with Immune-Related Adverse Events in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Receiving PD-1 Inhibition Combination Therapy.

(1) Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are a series of unique organ-specific inflammatory toxicities observed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing PD-1 inhibition combination therapy. The specific underlying mechanisms remain unclear. (2) Methods: We recruited 71 patients with HCC undergoing PD-1 inhibition combination therapy.

Renal safety of tenofovir alafenamide-based antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV: A mini-review.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly enhanced the outlook for people with HIV(PWH), yet certain ART medications can adversely affect the renal function of these patients. Of particular concern is the nephrotoxicity associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Compared to TDF, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), another prodrug of tenofovir (TFV), results in lower TFV plasma levels, thereby alleviating the TFV-associated mitochondrial toxicity on proximal renal tubular cells.

Construction and efficacy testing of DNA vaccines containing HLA-A*02:01-restricted SARS-CoV-2 T-cell epitopes predicted by immunoinformatics.

Vaccines play essential roles in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. The development and assessment of COVID-19 vaccines have generally focused on the induction and boosting of neutralizing antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. Due to rapid and continuous variation in the S protein, such vaccines need to be regularly updated to match newly emerged dominant variants.

Causal Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Liver Cirrhosis: 16S rRNA Sequencing and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.

Background And Aims: Accumulating evidence highlights the association between the gut microbiota and liver cirrhosis. However, the role of the gut microbiota in liver cirrhosis remains unclear.

Methods: We first assessed the differences in the composition of the bacterial community between CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis and control mice using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Prevalence and resistance characteristics of multidrug-resistant isolated from the respiratory tracts of hospitalized children in Shenzhen, China.

Background: PCV13 introduction in China has led to a significant reduction of vaccine serotype . However, non-vaccine serotypes with highly resistance and invasiveness were often reported in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era and there was regional differences.

Methods: A total of 669 strains were collected from the respiratory tracts of hospitalized children at Shenzhen Children's Hospital in 2021 and 2022.

Role of thymosin α1 in restoring immune response in immunological nonresponders living with HIV.

Background: Immunological nonresponders (INRs) living with HIV are at increased risk of co-infection and multiple tumors, with no effective strategy currently available to restore their T-cell immune response. This study aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of thymosin α1 in reconstituting the immune response in INRs.

Methods: INRs with CD4 + T cell counts between 100 and 350 cells/μL were enrolled and received two-staged 1.

Engineering of novel hemagglutinin biosensors for rapid detection and drug screening of Influenza A H7N9 virus.

New pathogenic influenza virus strains are constantly emerging, posing a serious risk to both human health and economic growth. To effectively control the spread of this virus, there is an urgent need for early, rapid, sensitive, simple, and cost-effective detection technologies, as well as new and effective antiviral drugs. In this study, we have successfully achieved a significant milestone by successfully fusing the H7N9 influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein with the nano-luciferase component, resulting in the development of a novel set of biosensors.

Mpox patients' experience from infection to treatment and implications for prevention and control: A multicenter qualitative study in China.

Monkeypox (mpox), a viral zoonotic disease, is spreading worldwide. However, evidence that informs prevention and control strategies in the Asia Pacific Region is very limited. Our study aims to investigate the experiences of mpox patients from infection to treatment to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control.

TRAF2 inhibits senescence in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulating the ROMO1/ NAD/SIRT3/SOD2 axis.

The suppression of tumor proliferation via cellular senescence has emerged as a promising approach for anti-tumor therapy. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), an adaptor protein involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, has been implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation. However, little is currently known about whether TRAF2 promotes HCC development by inhibiting cellular senescence.

Longitudinal trajectories of weight changes among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: A group-based study.

Weight changes vary among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on different antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. Here, we performed multi-trajectory modeling fitting growth mixture models (GMM) to identify longitudinal weight change trajectories of PLHIV. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess correlates of rapid weight gains; 12,683 PLHIV (median age: 34 years [interquartile range 29-42], 91.

attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by modulating the gut microbiota and SCFAs in mice.

Gut microbiota are closely related to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). () maintains the intestinal barrier function and regulates the balance of reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione. However, it may be useful as a treatment strategy for LPS-induced lung injury.

TEMPORARY REMOVAL: The first investigation of a nosocomial outbreak caused by ST80 vancomycin-resistant Enterococci faecium in China.

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