Predicting human protein subcellular localization by heterogeneous and comprehensive approaches.

Drug development and investigation of protein function both require an understanding of protein subcellular localization. We developed a system, REALoc, that can predict the subcellular localization of singleplex and multiplex proteins in humans. This system, based on comprehensive strategy, consists of two heterogeneous systematic frameworks that integrate one-to-one and many-to-many machine learning methods and use sequence-based features, including amino acid composition, surface accessibility, weighted sign aa index, and sequence similarity profile, as well as gene ontology function-based features.

1,3-Dinitrobenzene reductive degradation by alkaline ascorbic acid - Reaction mechanisms, degradation pathways and reagent optimization.

Nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs) such as 1,3-dinitrobenzene (1,3-DNB) contain the nitrogroup (-NO), in which the N with a +III oxidation state accepts electrons. Water soluble ascorbic acid (AsA) at elevated pH produces electron transfer and governs the electron-donating pathway. The influence of the NaOH/AsA molar ratio on the degradation of 1,3-DNB was investigated.

Comparison of Antioxidant Capability after Isopropanol Salting-Out Pretreatment and n-Butanol Partition Extraction, and Identification and Evaluation of Antioxidants of Sedum formosanum N.E.Br.

Crude extracts of Sedum formosanum N.E.Br.

The phylogeography of Fagus hayatae (Fagaceae): genetic isolation among populations.

The beech species Fagus hayatae is an important relict tree species in subtropical China, whose biogeographical patterns may reflect floral responses to climate change in this region during the Quaternary. Previous studies have revealed phylogeography for three of the four Fagus species in China, but study on F. hayatae, the most sparsely distributed of these species, is still lacking.

A comparative phylogeographic study reveals discordant evolutionary histories of alpine ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae).

Taiwan, an island with three major mountain ranges, provides an ideal topography to study mountain-island effect on organisms that would be diversified in the isolation areas. Glaciations, however, might drive these organisms to lower elevations, causing gene flow among previously isolated populations. Two hypotheses have been proposed to depict the possible refugia for alpine organisms during glaciations.

Reduction of nitrobenzene with alkaline ascorbic acid: Kinetics and pathways.

Alkaline ascorbic acid (AA) exhibits the potential to reductively degrade nitrobenzene (NB), which is the simplest of the nitroaromatic compounds. The nitro group (NO2(-)) of NB has a +III oxidation state of the N atom and tends to gain electrons. The effect of alkaline pH ranging from 9 to 13 was initially assessed and the results demonstrated that the solution pH, when approaching or above the pKa2 of AA (11.

iStable: off-the-shelf predictor integration for predicting protein stability changes.

Background: Mutation of a single amino acid residue can cause changes in a protein, which could then lead to a loss of protein function. Predicting the protein stability changes can provide several possible candidates for the novel protein designing. Although many prediction tools are available, the conflicting prediction results from different tools could cause confusion to users.

Selective photodynamic therapy based on aggregation-induced emission enhancement of fluorescent organic nanoparticles.

Three binary molecule conjugates were designed and synthesized by conjugating a chromophore (3, 6-bis-(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium)-carbazole diiodide, BMVC) to mono-, bis- and trishydroxyl photosensitizers, respectively. BMVC plays the role of cancer cells recognizer; AIEE (aggregation-induced emission enhancement) generator and FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) donor. The self assembling properties of these binary conjugates result in different degrees of AIEE and then achieve the formations of FONs (fluorescent organic nanoparticles), which present efficient FRET and singlet oxygen generations.

Feasibility study of ultraviolet activated persulfate oxidation of phenol.

Using ultraviolet photolytic persulfate activation to produce two sulfate radicals (SO(4)(-)) exhibits a potential for destroying organic contaminants in wastewater treatment applications. This study investigated both the feasibility of using a UV/SPS (sodium persulfate) process to treat phenol in aqueous phase and the effect of pH on degradation efficiency and TOC removal. The results revealed that a high initial persulfate concentration (i.

Metabolism of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in women with dysmenorrhea.

Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is one of the main complaints in clinics for women. The pain is often accompanied by other symptoms such as headache, nausea, constipation or diarrhea, urinary frequency, and vomiting which often leave the patients incapacitated for work or school for a few days. Dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been shown to alleviate the menstrual pain.

Sorption kinetics of toluene in humic acid: a computational approach.

Molecular dynamics, a computational technique aiming to describe the time-dependent movement of molecules, has been applied to study the sorption kinetics of volatile organic contaminants in soil organic matter. The molecular dynamics simulation results obtain reasonably accurate estimates of diffusion rates and activation energy of the penetration of a volatile organic compound molecule into a model humic substance. The sorption rate of toluene to humic acid decreases with the density of the humic acid matrix and increases with temperature.

An atypical RNA pseudoknot stimulator and an upstream attenuation signal for -1 ribosomal frameshifting of SARS coronavirus.

The -1 ribosomal frameshifting requires the existence of an in cis RNA slippery sequence and is promoted by a downstream stimulator RNA. An atypical RNA pseudoknot with an extra stem formed by complementary sequences within loop 2 of an H-type pseudoknot is characterized in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) genome. This pseudoknot can serve as an efficient stimulator for -1 frameshifting in vitro.

UVA-induced oxidative damage to rat liver nuclei: reduction of iron ions and the relationship between lipid peroxidation and DNA damage.

Lipid peroxidation and DNA damage and the relationship between the two events were studied in rat liver nuclei irradiated with low dose UVA. Lipid peroxidation was measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) by spectrophotometric method and as malondialdehyde-TBA adduct by HPLC, and DNA damage was measured as 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dGu) and strand breakage (or loss of double-stranded DNA) by a fluorometric analysis of alkaline DNA unwinding method. The results show that UVA irradiation by itself increased nuclear lipid peroxidation but caused little or no DNA strand breakage or 8-OH-dGu.