OA-MEN: a fusion deep learning approach for enhanced accuracy in knee osteoarthritis detection and classification using X-Ray imaging.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) constitutes the prevailing manifestation of arthritis. Radiographs function as a common modality for primary screening; however, traditional X-ray evaluation of osteoarthritis confronts challenges such as reduced sensitivity, subjective interpretation, and heightened misdiagnosis rates. The objective of this investigation is to enhance the validation and optimization of accuracy and efficiency in KOA assessment by utilizing fusion deep learning techniques.

Real-world safety of dapagliflozin plus metformin in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China: Post-hoc analysis of the DONATE study.

Aim: DONATE (NCT03156985) is a large-scale real-world study investigating the safety of dapagliflozin in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This post-hoc analysis aims to further evaluate the real-world safety of dapagliflozin plus metformin.

Methods: Safety outcomes were assessed in patients receiving concomitant dapagliflozin and metformin, with or without other antidiabetics.

Optimal frailty assessment tool for elderly patients with heart failure based on outcome prediction: protocol for a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Frailty significantly influences the prognosis of elderly patients diagnosed with heart failure. The assessment of frailty is a critical initial step in the management of these patients, as a systematic and precise evaluation facilitates the identification of individuals at high risk. This identification enables timely and targeted interventions, which can subsequently reduce the likelihood of adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life for elderly patients with heart failure.

Inhibition of the E3 ligase UBR5 stabilizes TERT and protects vascular organoids from oxidative stress.

Background: Excessive oxidative stress is known to cause endothelial dysfunction and drive cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) shows protective effects against oxidative stress in rodents and is associated to human flow-mediated dilation in CVD, its regulatory mechanisms in human vascular systems under pathological oxidative stress require further investigation.

Methods: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were used to create vascular organoids (VOs).

Mediating effects of physical activities and cognitive function on the relationship between dietary diversity and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Although dietary diversity (DD) has been confirmed to be associated with multiple health outcomes and longevity in older people, the related mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, we explored the mediating roles of physical activities and cognitive function in the relationship between DD and all-cause mortality.

Methods: We recruited 34 068 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study and followed them up until 2018.

Mechanism exploration and model construction for small cell transformation in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) transformation accounts for 3-14% of resistance in EGFR-TKI relapsed lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs), with unknown molecular mechanisms and optimal treatment strategies. We performed transcriptomic analyses (including bulk and spatial transcriptomics) and multiplex immunofluorescence on pre-treated samples from LUADs without transformation after EGFR-TKI treatment (LUAD-NT), primary SCLCs (SCLC-P) and LUADs with transformation after EGFR-TKI treatment (before transformation: LUAD-BT; after transformation: SCLC-AT). Our study found that LUAD-BT exhibited potential transcriptomic characteristics for transformation compared with LUAD-NT.

Efficacy of photodynamic therapy for oral multifocal papilloma: a case report.

Oral papilloma, a frequently encountered benign lesion, can be managed effectively with various treatments. A unique case of oral mucosal papilloma extending from the buccal fat pad region to the corner of the mouth is presented here. Although papilloma larger than 10 mm are associated with a high risk of becoming cancerous and should be treated promptly, the papilloma in this case would have been difficult to resect due to involvement of the parotid duct opening and the corner of the mouth.

The cost-effectiveness of a co-managed care model for elderly hip fracture patients in China: a modelling study.

Background: The clinical effectiveness of multidisciplinary co-managed care for hip fracture patients in China has been demonstrated in a multicenter non-randomized controlled study. This study aims to estimate the cost-effectiveness of the co-managed care.

Methods: The study is based on a multicenter clinical trial (n = 2071) in China.

The assessment and detection rate of intrinsic capacity deficits among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Assessing and monitoring intrinsic capacity (IC) is an effective strategy to promote healthy ageing by intervening early in high-risk populations. This review systematically analyzed the global detection rates of IC deficits and explored variations across diverse populations and data collection methods.

Methods: This study was preregistered with PROSPERO, CRD42023477315.

Mortality in patients admitted to hospital with heart failure in China: a nationwide Cardiovascular Association Database-Heart Failure Centre Registry cohort study.

Background: China has the largest burden of heart failure worldwide. However, large-scale studies on heart failure mortality are scarce. We aimed to investigate mortality and identify risk factors for mortality among patients with heart failure in China.

Non-pharmacological interventions for asthma prevention and management across the life course: Umbrella review.

Background: The impact of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on asthma prevention and management is insufficiently examined. We aim to comprehensively evaluate and synthesize existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of various NPIs throughout the life course.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search and screening of reviews that examined the effectiveness of various NPIs on asthma prevention and control in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases.

Fertility policy changes, maternal and foetal characteristics and birth timing patterns at a tertiary referral centre in Beijing: a ten-year retrospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the impacts of the changing national fertility policy on maternal and fetal characteristics, and birth timing patterns and provide a basis for the management of the obstetric and midwifery workforce.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Data from medical register of a tertiary referral centre in Beijing, China.

Updated prevalence of latent prostate cancer in Chinese population and comparison of biopsy results: An autopsy-based study.

Prostate cancer detected by autopsy is named latent prostate cancer. As the repertoire of clinical prostate cancer, latent cancer may better reflect the disease burden. Unlike clinical prostate specimens, which are obtained exclusively from biopsy-positive cases, prostate specimens obtained through autopsy provide information on biopsy-negative cases, helping calculate the true sensitivity of prostate biopsy.

A multicentre, prospective, non-interventional study evaluating the safety of dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice in China (DONATE).

Background: There are few large-scale studies evaluating the safety of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. DONATE, a multicentre, single-arm, prospective, non-interventional study, is the first real-world study evaluating the safety of dapagliflozin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes in routine clinical practice.

Methods: Between August 2017 and July 2020, patients with type 2 diabetes who had initiated dapagliflozin therapy and received ≥1 dose were prospectively recruited from 88 hospitals in China.