Preduodenal portal vein: two distinct case reports with unique presentations and tailored surgical management strategies.

Preduodenal portal vein (PDPV) is a rare congenital vascular malformation, which was first described by Knight in 1921 as an anomalous vein that lies in front of the duodenum, common bile duct, and hepatic artery instead of beneath them. This abnormal position may result in congenital duodenal obstruction and puts it in danger during operations around this region. PDPV is typically associated with other congenital anomalies, mainly intraabdominal and cardiac ones.

Presentations of bladder exstrophy in a resource-limited setting and the role of Mainz II continent diversion for late referrals or failed primary closures: a multicentric report.

Primary closure techniques that have been updated and longterm follow-up for CBE (classic bladder exstrophy) may be out of reach for many patients living in resource-limited settings. Late referrals to medical care and primary closures that lack the necessary skills and facilities for comprehensive treatment are still common. Alternative and long-term surgical solutions may improve the lives of these unfortunate patients.

Pitfalls and technical errors in the first approach to neonates with anorectal malformations in a non-specialist context: can we do any better? A review from three Eastern African Centres.

Introduction: In sub-Saharan Africa, Anorectal malformations (ARM) are the most frequent cause of neonatal obstruction. Referral to a Pediatric Surgeon is frequently delayed. The first treatment is often delivered at not specialist level and mismanagement may result.