A retrospective study of factors associated with persistent delirium.

Background: It has been reported that delirium causes various problems. Many researchers have reported the risk factors associated with the onset of delirium; however, there are few reports focused on persistent delirium. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with persistent delirium.

Impact of variation in reagent combinations for one-stage clotting assay on assay discrepancy in nonsevere haemophilia A.

Introduction: Factor VIII activity (FVIII:C) is measured by one-stage clotting assay (OSA) or chromogenic substrate assay (CSA). Significant differences in FVIII:C between OSA (FVIII:C ) and CSA (FVIII:C ) are described as assay discrepancy in nonsevere haemophilia A (HA). A large number of reagent combinations (APTT reagent and FVIII-deficient plasma) are used for OSA, but the impact of variations in reagent combinations on assay discrepancy has not been fully characterized.

HSP90 inhibitors strengthen extracellular ATP-stimulated synthesis of interleukin-6 in osteoblasts: Amplification of p38 MAP kinase.

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is expressed ubiquitously in a variety of cell types including osteoblasts. HSP90 acts as a key driver of proteostasis under pathophysiological conditions. Here, we investigated the involvement of HSP90 in extracellular ATP-stimulated interleukin (IL)-6 synthesis and HSP90 downstream signalling in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells.

Efficacy of vibegron, a novel β3-adrenoreceptor agonist, on severe urgency urinary incontinence related to overactive bladder: post hoc analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, comparative phase 3 study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel and selective β3-adrenoreceptor agonist vibegron on urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).

Patients And Methods: A post hoc analysis was performed in patients with UUI (>0 episodes/day) who were assigned to receive vibegron or placebo in a vibegron phase 3 study. Patients were subclassified into mild/moderate (>0 to <3 UUI episodes/day) or severe UUI (≥3 UUI episodes/day) subgroup.

Pre-disaster social support is protective for onset of post-disaster depression: Prospective study from the Great East Japan Earthquake & Tsunami.

We examined whether pre-disaster social support functions as a disaster preparedness resource to mitigate post-disaster depressive symptoms among older survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami. The participants were 3,567 individuals aged ≥65 years living in Iwanuma city who completed a baseline survey as part of the nationwide Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study seven months before the disaster. A follow-up survey was administered approximately 2.

Clinical characteristics and useful signs to differentiate detrusor underactivity from bladder outlet obstruction in men with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and useful signs to differentiate detrusor underactivity from bladder outlet obstruction in men with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms.

Methods: A total of 638 treatment-naive men with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms who underwent subjective and objective evaluations were reviewed retrospectively. We divided the patients into detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction groups based on urodynamic findings, and compared parameters obtained from questionnaires and non-invasive tests.

Efficacy and safety of pemafibrate in people with type 2 diabetes and elevated triglyceride levels: 52-week data from the PROVIDE study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemafibrate in people with type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridaemia over a 52-week period. Participants were randomly assigned to receive treatment with placebo or pemafibrate at a dose of 0.2 or 0.

Efficacy of novel β -adrenoreceptor agonist vibegron on nocturia in patients with overactive bladder: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of vibegron on nocturia in patients with overactive bladder.

Methods: Among the Japanese overactive bladder patients enrolled in the placebo-controlled, multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase 3 study of vibegron, a total of 669 patients with nocturia (≥1 nocturnal void) were included. Changes from baseline in micturition parameters were compared for vibegron treatment (50 and 100 mg/day) versus placebo.

Treatment of Cutaneous Ulcers with Multilayered Mixed Sheets of Autologous Fibroblasts and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Background/aims: We have developed a mixed-cell sheet consisting of autologous fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells with a high potency for angiogenesis and wound healing against refractory cutaneous ulcers in mouse and rabbit models. To increase the effectiveness of the mixed sheet, we developed a multilayered mixed sheet.

Methods: We assessed the therapeutic effects of multilayered sheets on cutaneous ulcers in mice.

Long-term safety and efficacy of the novel β -adrenoreceptor agonist vibegron in Japanese patients with overactive bladder: A phase III prospective study.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of vibegron 50 mg and 100 mg, a novel β -adrenoreceptor agonist, in Japanese patients with overactive bladder.

Methods: This was a 1-year, multicenter, open-label, non-controlled study. After a 1-week observation phase, patients were treated with vibegron for 52 weeks.

Vibegron, a Novel Potent and Selective β-Adrenoreceptor Agonist, for the Treatment of Patients with Overactive Bladder: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase 3 Study.

Background: Vibegron is a novel, potent, and selective β-adrenoreceptor agonist for the treatment of patients with overactive bladder (OAB).

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of vibegron versus placebo in Japanese OAB patients.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Patients with OAB entered a 2-wk placebo run-in phase.

Swallowing markers in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

Objective: We examined the characteristics of dysphagia in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, a hereditary neuromuscular disease causing weakness of limb, facial, and oropharyngeal muscles via a videofluoroscopic swallowing study, and investigated the plausibility of using these outcome measures for quantitative analysis.

Methods: A videofluoroscopic swallowing study was performed on 111 consecutive patients with genetically confirmed spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and 53 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Swallowing of 3-mL liquid barium was analyzed by the worksheet.

CHK2 is involved in the p53-independent radiosensitizing effects of valproic acid.

Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for the majority of types of localized solid cancer. However, the risk of side effects to the surrounding normal tissues limits radiotherapeutic approaches. Whilst the mechanism of action of valproic acid, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, remains unknown, the inhibitor is a potential antineoplastic radiosensitizer.

Community-wide promotion of physical activity in middle-aged and older Japanese: a 3-year evaluation of a cluster randomized trial.

Background: Promotion of physical activity (PA) is a key strategy to prevent non-communicable diseases. However, evidence on the effectiveness of community-wide interventions (CWIs) for promoting PA is limited.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a 3-year CWI for promoting PA in middle-aged and older adults compared with usual public health services.

Safety and efficacy of mirabegron as 'add-on' therapy in patients with overactive bladder treated with solifenacin: a post-marketing, open-label study in Japan (MILAI study).

Objective: To examine the safety and efficacy of mirabegron as 'add-on' therapy to solifenacin in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).

Patients And Methods: This multicentre, open-label, phase IV study enrolled patients aged ≥20 years with OAB, as determined by an OAB symptom score (OABSS) total of ≥3 points and an OABSS Question 3 score of ≥2 points, who were being treated with solifenacin at a stable dose of 2.5 or 5 mg once daily for at least 4 weeks.

Mechanical forces induce odontoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on three-dimensional biomimetic scaffolds.

The mechanical induction of cell differentiation is well known. However, the effect of mechanical compression on odontoblastic differentiation remains to be elucidated. Thus, we first determined the optimal conditions for the induction of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) into odontoblastic differentiation in response to mechanical compression of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with dentinal tubule-like pores.

Implementation of municipal mobility support services for older people who have stopped driving in Japan.

Objectives: In a motorized society, increasing numbers of drivers and their family members will have to face the issue of driving cessation late in life due to dementia or age-related conditions. Mobility support for driving retirees should be considered from a public health perspective. Compared with alternative forms of transportation, relying on family members and friends, municipality-provided mobility support services would be more reliable and practical.

Systemic disorders of calcium dynamics in rats with adenine-induced renal failure: implication for chronic kidney disease-related complications.

Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes the dysregulation of systemic mineral metabolism. A major issue in CKD patients is the emergence of ectopic calcification in soft tissues, presumably due to increased levels of calcium (Ca) or inorganic phosphorus (Pi); however, the precise mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate Ca dynamics in an animal model of CKD.

Tissue engineering in endodontics.

The key elements of the regeneration of dentine-pulp complex are stem cells, morphogens and a scaffold of extracellular matrix. The pulp stem cells have the potential to differentiate into odontoblasts in response to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). However, the use of BMPs in vivo has been restrained by lack of a suitable scaffold.