2,134 results match your criteria: "National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health[Affiliation]"
Geographical variation, socioeconomic inequalities of low birth weight, and its relationship with maternal dietary diversity: Insights from the maternal infant and young child nutrition programme in Bangladesh.
J Glob Health
October 2024
The National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Every year, around 20 million neonates are born with low birth weight (LBW), mostly in low- and middle-income countries, but specific factors affecting LBW in rural Bangladesh are poorly understood.
- This study surveyed 4,651 children under 5 years old to examine the relationship between socioeconomic status and maternal dietary diversity, finding a 13.5% prevalence of LBW which varied significantly across wealth groups.
- Results indicated that mothers from poorer households are more likely to have LBW babies, and those with inadequate dietary diversity show a higher risk, especially adolescent mothers, who are significantly affected by poor nutrition.
Implementing a national programme of pathogen genomics for public health: the Australian Pathogen Genomics Program (AusPathoGen).
Lancet Microbe
October 2024
Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Pathogen Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The Australian Pathogen Genomics Program (AusPathoGen) was launched in January 2021 as a national partnership aimed at enhancing public health through pathogen genomics surveillance.
- - Successful implementation of this program relies on collaboration among academia, public health labs, and agencies, while prioritizing public health needs and building national genomics capacity.
- - Key components for success include data integration tools like AusTrakka, standardized bioinformatics procedures, ethics agreements, and training for public health officials to effectively use genomic data.
Are multiple coders needed for cause of death assignment: results from telephonic verbal autopsy interviews conducted in 2021 in South Africa.
Digit Health
October 2024
Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
Article Synopsis
- Verbal autopsy (VA) helps find out causes of death where birth and death records are not kept well, but it's costly. Telephonic VAs can save money. Sometimes, doctors need to agree on the cause, which can take a lot of time and effort.
- The study looked at how often two doctors agreed on the cause of death using telephonic VAs in South Africa, checking if their agreement was very high (over 0.8).
- Results showed that doctors agreed on causes like COVID-19 and heart disease most of the time, but not as much on diabetes. This means they might still need more than one doctor to be sure about the causes
Faltering mortality improvements at young-middle ages in high-income English-speaking countries.
Int J Epidemiol
August 2024
School of Demography, College of Arts and Social Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Background: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, stagnating life expectancy trends were reported in some high-income countries (HICs). Despite previous evidence from country-specific studies, there is a lack of comparative research that provides a broader perspective and challenges existing assumptions. This study aims to examine longevity trends and patterns in six English-speaking countries (Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States) by combining period and cohort perspectives and to compare them with other HICs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInaccuracy of cardiovascular disease calculators in Australian primary healthcare software.
Aust J Gen Pract
October 2024
BSc, MBBS, MD, MPhilAppEpi, FRCP (UK), FRACP, Cardiologist and Epidemiologist, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Queensland Health, Sunshine Coast, Qld; Honorary Associate Professor, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT.
Article Synopsis
- * Recent efforts to stop smoking haven't been put into action yet, and it’s important to see what could happen if smoking rates stay the same or improve.
- * Researchers used models to predict health outcomes by 2050 based on different scenarios of smoking rates, showing that cutting smoking could greatly improve health and life expectancy.
Vitamin C for patients with sepsis?
Front Med (Lausanne)
September 2024
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Hospitalizations and emergency attendance averted by influenza vaccination in Victoria, Australia, 2017 - 2019.
Epidemiol Infect
October 2024
WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Seasonal influenza epidemics result in high levels of healthcare utilization. Vaccination is an effective strategy to reduce the influenza-related burden of disease. However, reporting vaccine effectiveness does not convey the population impacts of influenza vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDonor human milk practice in Indonesia: a media content analysis.
Front Nutr
September 2024
Research Division, Indonesian Breastfeeding Mother Association, Surabaya, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Introduction: Donor human milk (DHM) is recommended as the second-best alternative form of supplementation when a mother is unable to breastfeed directly. However, little is known about the experience of mothers and families in the communities regarding accessing and donating expressed breastmilk in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the experience related to donor human milk in the society in Indonesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelationships between social determinants of health and healthy body composition among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in the Next Generation: Youth Well-being study.
Health Promot J Austr
September 2024
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Issue Addressed: Little is currently known about the relationships between body composition and the social determinants of health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in Australia, which could help inform policy responses to address health inequities.
Methods: This study aimed to explore the relationship between various social factors and healthy body mass index (BMI) and waist/height ratio (WHtR) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth aged 16-24 years. Baseline survey data from 531 participants of the 'Next Generation: Youth Well-being study' were used.
A preliminary indication that HLA-A*03:01 may be associated with visceral leishmaniasis development in people living with HIV in Ethiopia.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
September 2024
Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- There is a problem with both HIV and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) infections in Ethiopia, making it hard to treat VL in people who also have HIV.
- Researchers found that certain genes (HLA) can help predict who might get sick from VL, especially in people with HIV.
- In a study of people living in Ethiopia, they found a specific gene (HLA-A*03:01) that is linked to a higher risk of developing VL, which could help improve treatment strategies in the future.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of COVID-19 booster doses and oral antivirals: Case studies in the Indo-Pacific.
PLoS One
September 2024
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Background: Decision-makers in middle-income countries need evidence on the cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 booster doses and oral antivirals to appropriately prioritise these healthcare interventions.
Methods: We used a dynamic transmission model to assess the cost-effectiveness of COVID-19 booster doses and oral antivirals in Fiji, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and Timor-Leste. We conducted cost-effectiveness analysis from both healthcare and societal perspectives using data collated from publicly available sources.
Trends and social determinants of the obesity epidemic among reproductive-age women in ten Asian countries.
Sci Rep
September 2024
Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, 2800, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines rising obesity rates among women of reproductive age in ten Asian countries due to urbanization and lifestyle changes, using data from 2000 to 2022.
- Key risk factors identified include marital status, age, wealth, television habits, and urban living, which collectively account for 73.3% of obesity cases.
- The study highlights the importance of education and lifestyle interventions, particularly in wealthier urban areas, to combat obesity, with a specific focus on Pakistan and the Maldives.
The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: competing interests and optimism bias.
Lancet
September 2024
Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Intimate partner violence and childhood health outcomes in 37 sub-Saharan African countries: an analysis of demographic health survey data from 2011 to 2022.
Lancet Glob Health
November 2024
Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- - The study examines how intimate partner violence (IPV) affects childhood health outcomes, highlighting its significant role in child morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.
- - Analyzing data from 37 countries, findings reveal that children under 5 years old with mothers exposed to various forms of IPV had notably higher odds of developing health issues like undernutrition, diarrhoeal disease, and acute respiratory infections.
- - The results emphasize the importance of addressing IPV as a means to improve child health and survival rates, indicating that maternal experiences of violence lead to detrimental health impacts on their children.
Influenza Epidemiology and Vaccine Effectiveness Following Funded Influenza Vaccine in Queensland, Australia, 2022.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses
September 2024
Queensland Public Health and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Background: In 2022, publicly funded influenza vaccine was made available to all residents of Queensland, Australia. This study compared influenza epidemiology in 2022 with previous years (2017-2021) and estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) during 2022.
Methods: The study involved a descriptive analysis of influenza notifications and a case-control study to estimate VE.
"Removing the home court advantage": A qualitative evaluation of LEGO® as an interprofessional simulation icebreaker for midwifery and medical students.
Nurse Educ Pract
October 2024
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Western Health Partnership, Victoria, Australia.
Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the use of LEGO® as an educational tool for midwifery and medical students.
Background: The concept of LEGO® SERIOUSPLAY® ® was conceived in 1996 when Swiss Professors Roos and Victor explored using LEGO® as a strategic planning tool. We adapted this concept as an icebreaker activity for interprofessional education workshops at an Australian university.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers studied strokes from 1990 to 2021 to understand how many people get them and how they are affected around the world.
- In 2021, strokes caused about 7.3 million deaths and were a major cause of health problems, especially in specific regions like Southeast Asia and Oceania.
- There are differences in stroke risks based on where people live and their age, and some areas actually saw more strokes happening since 2015.
Real-World Analysis of Breast Cancer Patients Qualifying for Adjuvant CDK4/6 Inhibitors.
Clin Breast Cancer
August 2024
Department of Medical Oncology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia; Australian National University Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Background: Adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib and ribociclib improved disease-free survival (DFS) added to endocrine therapy in hormone receptor (HR)-positive HER2-negative early breast cancer (EBC), in monarchE (NCT03155997) and NATALEE (NCT03701334) trials respectively. We assessed the proportion and outcome of EBC patients qualifying for adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors in the real-world.
Methods: Consecutive female patients with HR-positive HER2-negative EBC between 1997 and 2017 from the Australian Capital Territory and South-East New South Wales Breast Cancer Treatment Group registry were analyzed.
Examining the Acceptability of Helminth Education Packages "Magic Glasses Lower Mekong" and "Magic Glasses Opisthorchiasis" and Their Impact on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Schoolchildren in the Lower Mekong Basin: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
JMIR Res Protoc
September 2024
Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Institute, Herston, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- * The study aims to evaluate the acceptability and impact of two versions of the "Magic Glasses" programs among schoolchildren in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand, specifically focusing on soil-transmitted helminths (STH) and Opisthorchis viverrini (OV).
- * A cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted, assessing initial and sustained acceptability through questionnaires and discussions, while measuring the impact on students' knowledge, attitudes, and
Coronavirus disease-19 vaccine uptake, willingness for vaccination, and associated Factors among chronic follow patients attending in the two comprehensive specialized hospitals of Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis
September 2024
Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahr Dar University, Bahr Dar, Ethiopia.
Background: Even though the disease has spread throughout the world, with millions killed, global COVID-19 vaccination coverage remains low, particularly in developing countries. However, epidemiological data is lacking in the area. Hence, this study aimed to assess COVID-19 uptake, willingness for vaccination, and associated factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-Term Effect of Temperature Increase on Liver Cancer in Australia: A Bayesian Spatial Analysis.
Environ Health Perspect
September 2024
Ecosystem Change and Population Health Research Group, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Background: While some evidence has potentially linked climate change to carcinogenic factors, the long-term effect of climate change on liver cancer risk largely remains unclear.
Objectives: Our objective is to evaluate the long-term relationship between temperature increase and liver cancer incidence in Australia.
Methods: We mapped the spatial distribution of liver cancer incidence from 2001 to 2019 in Australia.
Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of dengue transmission in Lao PDR.
Sci Rep
September 2024
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Dengue, a zoonotic viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, poses a significant public health concern throughout the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This study aimed to describe spatial-temporal patterns and quantify the effects of environmental and climate variables on dengue transmission at the district level. The dengue data from 2015 to 2020 across 148 districts of Lao PDR were obtained from the Lao PDR National Center for Laboratory and Epidemiology (NCLE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular xenomonitoring as an indicator of microfilaraemia prevalence for lymphatic filariasis in Samoa in 2019.
Parasit Vectors
September 2024
School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a serious neglected tropical disease that requires improved surveillance methods, and molecular xenomonitoring (MX) could help track the disease by detecting its DNA in mosquitoes.
- A study in Samoa compared the prevalence of microfilaraemia (Mf) in humans with the presence of PCR-positive mosquitoes in different communities.
- The results showed a correlation between the number of positive mosquitoes and human Mf prevalence, particularly with the mosquito species Aedes polynesiensis, indicating that MX could be a valuable tool in monitoring LF.