Identification of 5' upstream sequence involved in HSPBP1 gene transcription and its downregulation during HIV-1 infection.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) is known to modulate the host environment for successful replication and propagation like other viruses. The virus utilises its proteins to interact with or modulate host factors and host signalling pathways that may otherwise restrict the virus. A previous study from our lab has shown that the host heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) binding protein (HSPBP1) is a co-chaperone that inhibits viral replication.

Anti-leishmanial therapy: Caught between drugs and immune targets.

Leishmaniasis is an enigmatic disease that has very restricted options for chemotherapy and none for prophylaxis. As a result, deriving therapeutic principles for curing the disease has been a major objective in Leishmania research for a long time. Leishmania is a protozoan parasite that lives within macrophages by subverting or switching cell signaling to the pathways that ensure its intracellular survival.

Role of Tau in Various Tauopathies, Treatment Approaches, and Emerging Role of Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disorders.

A few protein kinases and phosphatases regulate tau protein phosphorylation and an imbalance in their enzyme activity results in tau hyper-phosphorylation. Aberrant tau phosphorylation causes tau to dissociate from the microtubules and clump together in the cytosol to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which lead to the progression of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Hence, targeting hyperphosphorylated tau protein is a restorative approach for treating neurodegenerative tauopathies.

Diversity of resistant determinants, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements in from India: A comprehensive in silico genome analysis.

Introduction: The frequency of infections associated with multidrug resistant has risen substantially in India. The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques combined with comparative genomics has great potential for tracking, monitoring, and ultimately controlling the spread of this troublesome pathogen. Here, we investigated the whole genome sequences of 47 A from India.

Decoding systems immunological model of sphingolipids with IL-6/IL-17/IL-23 axes in L. major infection.

IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and IL-1β are the crucial cytokines controlling inflammatory and immune response during L. major infection. During cutaneous leishmaniasis, an important T helper cell type CD4 Th17 subset plays a deterministic role in lesion formation through channelling infected macrophages and production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23 and IFN-γ.

Ccn2a-FGFR1-SHH signaling is necessary for intervertebral disc homeostasis and regeneration in adult zebrafish.

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is the primary cause of back pain in humans. However, the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of IVD degeneration is poorly understood. This study shows that zebrafish IVDs possess distinct and non-overlapping zones of cell proliferation and cell death.

Strategizing the human microbiome for small molecules: Approaches and perspectives.

Studies of the human microbiome are providing a deeper understanding of its significance to human health, and increasing evidence links the microbiota with several diseases. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms involved in human-microbe interactions are mostly undefined. The genomic potential of the human microbiome to biosynthesize distinct molecules outmatches its known chemical space, and small-molecule discovery in this context remains in its infancy.

Balance between autophagy and cell death is maintained by Polycomb-mediated regulation during stem cell differentiation.

Autophagy is a conserved cytoprotective process, aberrations in which lead to numerous degenerative disorders. While the cytoplasmic components of autophagy have been extensively studied, the epigenetic regulation of autophagy genes, especially in stem cells, is less understood. Deciphering the epigenetic regulation of autophagy genes becomes increasingly relevant given the therapeutic benefits of small-molecule epigenetic inhibitors in novel treatment modalities.

Indian sewage microbiome has unique community characteristics and potential for population-level disease predictions.

Sewage wastewater pollutes water and poses a public health issue but it could also prove useful in certain research domains. Sewage is a complex niche relevant for research concerning 'one-health', human health, pollution and antibiotic resistance. Indian gut microbiome is also understudied due to sampling constraints and sewage could be used to explore it.

Resolution of inter/intraspecies variation in Weissella group requires multigene analysis and functional characterization.

Weissella confusa and Weissella cibaria strains isolated from the human- gut are considered as potential probiotics, but remain under-explored owing to their ambiguous taxonomic assignment. The present study assesses the taxonomic resolution of 11 strains belonging to W. confusa and W.

Meta-analyses reveal serum or plasma Interleukin-6 as a biomarker for malignant ovarian neoplasia.

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in various malignancies, including ovarian cancer. However, mixed results have been observed regarding IL-6 levels in different ovarian conditions. This meta-analysis was performed to determine IL-6 levels in the peritoneal fluid and peripheral blood among patients with various adnexal masses.

Biphasic cell cycle defect causes impaired neurogenesis in down syndrome.

Impaired neurogenesis in Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by reduced neurons, increased glial cells, and delayed cortical lamination. However, the underlying cause for impaired neurogenesis in DS is not clear. Using both human and mouse iPSCs, we demonstrate that DS impaired neurogenesis is due to biphasic cell cycle dysregulation during the generation of neural progenitors from iPSCs named the "neurogenic stage" of neurogenesis.

The Cross-Talk between Epigenetic Gene Regulation and Signaling Pathways Regulates Cancer Pathogenesis.

Cancer begins due to uncontrolled cell division. Cancer cells are insensitive to the signals that control normal cell proliferation. This uncontrolled cell division is due to the accumulation of abnormalities in different factors associated with the cell division, including different cyclins, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, and cellular signaling.

Nested Real-Time PCR Assessment of Vertical Transmission of Sandalwood Spike Phytoplasma ('. Phytoplasma asteris').

The Sandalwood Spike disease (SSD)-related to '. Phytoplasma asteris' has threatened the existence of sandalwood in India. The epidemiology of SSD is still poorly understood despite the efforts to understand the involvement of insect vectors in SSD transmission and alternate plant hosts over the last two decades.

Evolvability and emergence of tumor heterogeneity as a space-time function.

The loss of control of cell proliferation, apoptosis regulation and contact inhibition leads to tumor development. While benign tumors are restricted to their primary space, i.e.

Mycobiome profiling of nasopharyngeal region of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals.

The present cross-sectional study aims to understand the fungal community composition of the nasopharyngeal region of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and how the infection influences the mycobiome therein. The infection significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the alpha diversity.

Elucidating the Anti-Tumorigenic Efficacy of Oltipraz, a Dithiolethione, in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive primary brain tumor, displays a highly infiltrative growth pattern and remains refractory to chemotherapy. Phytochemicals carrying specificity and low cytotoxicity may serve as potent and safer alternatives to conventional chemotherapy for treating GBM. We have evaluated the anticancer effects of Oltipraz (Olt), a synthetic dithiolethione found in many vegetables, including crucifers.

Insights into the role of Nup62 and Nup93 in assembling cytoplasmic ring and central transport channel of the nuclear pore complex.

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a highly modular assembly of 34 distinct nucleoporins (Nups) to form a versatile transport channel between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Among them, Nup62 is known as an essential component for nuclear transport, Nup93 for proper nuclear envelope assembly. These Nups constitute various NPC subcomplexes such as the central transport channel (CTC), the cytoplasmic ring (CR), and the inner ring (IR).

Protective role of host complement system in infection.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening fungal infection for immunocompromised hosts. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the immune pathways that control this infection. Although the primary infection site is the lungs, aspergillosis can disseminate to other organs through unknown mechanisms.

Di-Pyridine-Containing Macrocyclic Triamide Fe(II) and Ni(II) Complexes as ParaCEST Agents.

Fe(II) and Ni(II) paraCEST contrast agents containing the di-pyridine macrocyclic ligand 2,2',2″-(3,7,10-triaza-1,5(2,6)-dipyridinacycloundecaphane-3,7,10-triyl)triacetamide (DETA) are reported here. Both [Fe(DETA)] and [Ni(DETA)] complexes were structurally characterized. Crystallographic data revealed the seven-coordinated distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry of the [Fe(DETA)]·(BF)·MeCN complex with five coordinated nitrogen atoms from the macrocyclic ring and two coordinated oxygen atoms from two amide pendant arms.

Bacterial diversity of traditional fermented food, by high thorough-put sequencing.

Unlabelled: The bacterial composition of naturally fermented Indian food, was studied by high-throughput Illumina amplicon sequencing at different taxonomic levels. Metagenomic investigation revealed fold change with respect to some of the phylotypes in 06 to 12 h of fermentation, suggesting the synergistic mode of nutrition. After 12 h fermentation, bacterial populations were stabilized towards 15 h fermentation.