Co-existence of a novel RND efflux pump tmexC6D6.2-toprJ1b and bla in the extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST233 clone.

The emergence of RND efflux pump gene cluster tmexCD-toprJ threats the clinical use of tigecycline as a last-resort antibiotic. Co-existence of extended spectrum β-lactamases and tmexCD-toprJ can accelerate the emergence of multidrug resistant or extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leading to the production of high-risk clones. This study identified a novel gene cluster, tmexC6D6.

Assessment of probiotic Bacillus velezensis supplementation to reduce Campylobacter jejuni colonization in chickens.

Campylobacter jejuni continues to be a major public health issue worldwide. Poultry are recognized as the main reservoir for this foodborne pathogen. Implementing measures to decrease C.

Emergence of ST1193 Clone in Maternal and Neonatal ESBL-Producing Isolates.

Objective: The emerging epidemic of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-EC) is a global public health crisis. ESBL-EC infections are increasing worldwide and contribute to morbidity and mortality among newborn infants. However, the antimicrobial resistance characteristics and clonal transmission of maternal and neonatal ESBL-EC isolates need to be further deciphered.

Conformation Dependent Architectures of Assembled Antimicrobial Peptides with Enhanced Antimicrobial Ability.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a developing class of natural and synthetic oligopeptides with host defense mechanisms against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. With in-depth research on the structural conformations of AMPs, synthesis or modification of peptides has shown great potential in effectively obtaining new therapeutic agents with improved physicochemical and biological properties. Notably, AMPs with self-assembled properties have gradually become a hot research topic for various biomedical applications.

Spread of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in animal-derived foods in Beijing, China.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterium occurred in nosocomial infections and is also an important indicator of food spoilage. The worldwide spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa is threatening public health.

Advanced strategies to evade the mononuclear phagocyte system clearance of nanomaterials.

Nanomaterials are promising carriers to improve the bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency of drugs by providing preferential drug accumulation at their sites of action, but their delivery efficacy is severely limited by a series of biological barriers, especially the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS)-the first and major barrier encountered by systemically administered nanomaterials. Herein, the current strategies for evading the MPS clearance of nanomaterials are summarized. First, engineering nanomaterials methods including surface modification, cell hitchhiking, and physiological environment modulation to reduce the MPS clearance are explored.

Apoptotic effects of phenols from the twigs and leaves of Garcinia nujiangensis.

In order to find potential agents for treating cancer disease in naturally occurring compounds, we conducted a systematic phytochemical investigation on the endemic species of Garcinia nujiangensis. Three new biphenyl derivatives (1-3) and one new polycyclic polyprenylated benzophenone (4), together with four known benzophenone analogues (5-8), have been isolated from the CHCl extract of the twigs and leaves of G. nujiangensis.

Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer is one of the major deadly diseases globally. The alarming rise in the mortality rate due to this disease attracks attention towards discovering potent anticancer agents to overcome its mortality rate. The discovery of novel and effective anticancer agents from natural sources has been the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research because of attractive natural therapeutic agents with an immense chemical diversity in species of animals, plants, and microorganisms.

Commensal bacteria contribute to the growth of multidrug-resistant in chickens.

-associated infectious coryza (IC) is an important threat in commercial poultry. Previous studies about the characteristics of are succeeded in revealing the course of IC disease, but whether and how resident microbes contribute to the infection remains unclear. To understand the role of commensal bacteria, we isolated 467 commensal bacteria, including 38 , from the respiratory tract of IC chicken.

Bone-Targeted Dual Functional Lipid-coated Drug Delivery System for Osteosarcoma Therapy.

Purpose Or Objective: Osteosarcoma is well-known for its high incidence in children and adolescents and long-term bone pain, which seriously reduces the life quality of patients. Cisplatin (CDDP), as the first-line anti-osteosarcoma drug, has been used in many anticancer treatments. At the same time, the serious side effects of platinum (Pt) drugs have also attracted widespread attention.

Equisetin Targets Intracellular through a Host Acting Strategy.

Mammalian cells act as reservoirs of internalized bacteria to circumvent extracellular antibacterial compounds, resulting in relapse and reinfection diseases. The intracellular persistence of renders most traditional antibiotics useless, due to their inadequate subcellular accumulation. To replenish our antibiotic arsenal, we found that a marine-derived compound, equisetin, efficiently eliminates intracellular by potentiating the host autophagy and inducing mitochondrial-mediated ROS generation to clear the invading .

Natural Strategies as Potential Weapons against Bacterial Biofilms.

Microbial biofilm is an aggregation of microbial species that are either attached to surfaces or organized into an extracellular matrix. Microbes in the form of biofilms are highly resistant to several antimicrobials compared to planktonic microbial cells. Their resistance developing ability is one of the major root causes of antibiotic resistance in health sectors.

Human dietary exposure to bisphenol-diglycidyl ethers in China: Comprehensive assessment through a total diet study.

Despite the widespread use of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in various consumer products as protective plasticizer, studies on human dietary exposure to these compounds are scare. In this study, nine bisphenol diglycidyl ethers (BDGEs) including BADGE, BFDGE, and seven of their derivatives were determined in the Chinese adult population based on composite dietary samples collected from the sixth (2016-2019) China total diet study (TDS). Contamination level of nine BDGEs was determined in 288 composite dietary samples from 24 provinces in China.

Multipronged Micelles-Hydrogel for Targeted and Prolonged Drug Delivery in Chronic Wound Infections.

Chronic diabetic wounds are a growing threat globally. Many aspects contribute to its deterioration, including bacterial infection, unbalanced microenvironment, dysfunction of cell repair, etc. In this work, we designed a multipronged micelles-hydrogel platform loaded with curcumin and rifampicin (CRMs-hydrogel) for bacteria-infected chronic wound treatment.

Mucoid enhances anti-phagocytosis through reducing C3b deposition.

Background: Multidrug resistant (MDR) causes serious infections in intensive care units and is hard to be eradicated by antibiotics. Many isolates are identified as the mucoid type recently, but the biological characteristics of mucoid and their interactions with host cells remains unclear.

Methods: The mucoid phenotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm-forming ability, acid resistance ability, peroxide tolerance, and toxicity of clinical ICUs derived isolates were first investigated.

Nanoparticle-Driven Controllable Mitochondrial Regulation through Lysosome-Mitochondria Interactome.

Precise subcellular manipulation remains challenging in quantitative biological studies. After target modification and hierarchical assembly, nanoparticles can be functionalized for intracellular investigation. However, it remains unclear whether nanoparticles themselves can progressively manipulate subcellular processes, especially organellar networks.

Magnetic hyperthermia induces effective and genuine immunogenic tumor cell death with respect to exogenous heating.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) can improve the therapeutic effects of cancer immunotherapy by initiating adaptive immune responses. Unlike the exogenous hyperthermia modality in clinics, magnetic hyperthermia (MH) is characterized by an iron oxide nano-agent acting as a heating source and the effects induced by heating acting at the intracellular region. However, the immunological effects of endogenous heating generated during MH and exogenous heating, and the difference in damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) emissions correlating with the ICD are unclear; whether MH elicits genuine ICD remains unknown.

Equisetin is an anti-obesity candidate through targeting 11-HSD1.

Obesity is increasingly prevalent globally, searching for therapeutic agents acting on adipose tissue is of great importance. Equisetin (EQST), a meroterpenoid isolated from a marine sponge-derived fungus, has been reported to display antibacterial and antiviral activities. Here, we revealed that EQST displayed anti-obesity effects acting on adipose tissue through inhibiting adipogenesis and attenuating HFD-induced obesity in mice, doing so without affecting food intake, blood pressure or heart rate.

Collateral sensitivity to pleuromutilins in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.

The acquisition of resistance to one antibiotic sometimes leads to collateral sensitivity to a second antibiotic. Here, we show that vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium is associated with a remarkable increase in susceptibility to pleuromutilin antibiotics (such as lefamulin), which target the bacterial ribosome. The trade-off between vancomycin and pleuromutilins is mediated by epistasis between the van gene cluster and msrC, encoding an ABC-F protein that protects bacterial ribosomes from antibiotic targeting.

Rational Use of Danofloxacin for Treatment of in Chickens Based on the Clinical Breakpoint and Lung Microbiota Shift.

The study was to explore the rational use of danofloxacin against () based on its clinical breakpoint (CBP) and the effect on lung microbiota. The CBP was established according to epidemiological cutoff value (ECV/CO), pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) cutoff value (CO) and clinical cutoff value (CO). The ECV was determined by the micro-broth dilution method and analyzed by ECOFFinder software.

Antibacterial activities of plant-derived xanthones.

The increasing threat to global health posed by antibiotic resistance remains a serious concern. This troublesome scenario has steered a need for the discovery and evaluation of novel antibacterial agents. Natural products are the main sources of antimicrobials used in clinical practice, serving as a rich reservoir for the discovery of new antibiotics.

Pyocyanin Modulates Gastrointestinal Transformation and Microbiota.

Phenazines are ubiquitously produced by . in the environment and are widely used in agriculture and clinical therapies, making their accumulation through the food chain cause potential risks to human health. Here, we utilized pyocyanin (PYO) as a representative to study the effects of phenazines on digestive tracts.

Dual Drug Loaded pH-sensitive Micelles for Efficient Bacterial Infection Treatment.

Purpose: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection at impaired wound is associated with high risks of developing to persistent bacterial infections since bacterial biofilm is easy to form in MRSA infected wounds. An advanced therapeutic approach to effectively penetrate and eliminate bacterial biofilm and to accelerate cell proliferation and migration at the wound is crucial.

Methods: The poly(ε-caprolactone)-monomethoxyl poly (ethylene glycol) (PCL-mPEG) micelles loaded with Quercetin and Rifampicin (QRMs) were prepared.

Host-acting antibacterial compounds combat cytosolic bacteria.

The sharp increase in infections associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens that have seriously compromised traditional chemotherapeutics is becoming a devastating public health threat worldwide. Thus, there is an urgent unmet demand to pursue alternative intervention strategies to circumvent this problem. Advances in host-acting antibacterial compounds (HACs) have provided promising, emerging approaches to reduce or eliminate internalized bacteria.