Overexpression of AtDREB1A causes a severe dwarf phenotype by decreasing endogenous gibberellin levels in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr].

Gibberellic acids (GAs) are plant hormones that play fundamental roles in plant growth and developmental processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that three key enzymes of GA20ox, GA3ox, and GA2ox are involved in GA biosynthesis. In this study, the Arabidopsis DREB1A gene driven by the CaMV 35S promoter was introduced into soybean plants by Agrobacterium- mediated transformation.

[Influence of different duration of waterlogging on the growth and C and N metabolism of soybean at seedling and flowering stages].

A pot experiment with soybean cultivar Nannong 99-6 was conducted to study its growth and C and N metabolism at seedling and flowering stages under the stress of different duration of waterlogging. Waterlogging inhibited the soybean growth. The plant biomass, leaf area, leaf pigment content, and photosynthesis rate all decreased significantly, and the leaf malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content had a significant increase.

Proteome analysis of the wild and YX-1 male sterile mutant anthers of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.).

Pollen development is disturbed in the early tetrad stage of the YX-1 male sterile mutant of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.). The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed anther proteins and to reveal their possible roles in pollen development and male sterility.

Transcript profile of the response of two soybean genotypes to potassium deficiency.

The macronutrient potassium (K) is essential to plant growth and development. Crop yield potential is often affected by lack of soluble K. The molecular regulation mechanism of physiological and biochemical responses to K starvation in soybean roots and shoots is not fully understood.

Genetic components and major QTL confer resistance to bean pyralid (Lamprosema indicata Fabricius) under multiple environments in four RIL populations of soybean.

Bean pyralid (BP; Lamprosema indicata Fabricius) is one of the major leaf-feeding insects that affect soybean crops in central and southern China. Four recombinant inbred line populations (KY, WT, XG and SX) were tested during 2004-2006 in Nanjing, China, to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to BP on the basis of data for rolled leaflet percentage under field infestation conditions. The mapping was performed using QTL Network V2.

Neuroprotection by the soy isoflavone, genistein, via inhibition of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathways and reactive oxygen induced-NF-κB activation in a cerebral ischemia mouse model.

Recently, the treatment of stroke has focused on antioxidant therapies, where oxidative stress is implicated. The preventive and therapeutic potential of plant compounds on ischemic stroke has been intensively studied because many of them contain antioxidant properties. Genistein, one of the active ingredients in soybean, possesses many bioactivities.

Proteomic analysis of soybean defense response induced by cotton worm (prodenia litura, fabricius) feeding.

Background: Cotton worm is one of the main insects of soybean in southern China. Plants may acquire defense mechanisms that confer protection from predation by herbivores. Induced responses can lead to increased resistance against herbivores in many species.

Molecular evolution of two consecutive carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase genes in strigolactone biosynthesis in plants.

Strigolactones are newly discovered plant hormones that perform various functions, from signaling in symbiotic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to controlling outgrowth of axillary buds. We examined the phylogenetic relationships of two carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase genes (CCD7 and CCD8) that are involved in consecutive upstream steps of the proposed strigolactone biosynthesis pathway. The CCD7 and CCD8 sequences from 11 model species, divided into two clades, correspond to sequences from monocotyledons and dicotyledons.

Comparative proteomic analysis of seedling leaves of different salt tolerant soybean genotypes.

Salinity is one of the major environmental constraints limiting yield of crop plants in many semi-arid and arid regions around the world. To understand responses in soybean seedling to salt stress at proteomic level, the extracted proteins from seedling leaves of salt-sensitive genotype Jackson and salt-tolerant genotype Lee 68 under 150 mM NaCl stress for 1, 12, 72 and 144 h, respectively, were analyzed by 2-DE. Approximately 800 protein spots were detected on 2-DE gels.

Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes associated with yield and yield components in soybean (Glycine max) landraces across multiple environments.

Genome-wide association analysis is a powerful approach to identify the causal genetic polymorphisms underlying complex traits. In this study, we evaluated a population of 191 soybean landraces in five environments to detect molecular markers associated with soybean yield and its components using 1,536 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 209 haplotypes. The analysis revealed that abundant phenotypic and genetic diversity existed in the studied population.

An APETALA1-like gene of soybean regulates flowering time and specifies floral organs.

MADS-box proteins are key transcription factors involved in plant reproductive development. APETALA1 (AP1) in Arabidopsis is a MIKC-type MADS-box gene and plays important roles in flower development. In this research, we isolated and characterized GmAP1, which encoded an AP1-like protein in soybean.

Mapping QTLs for tissue culture response in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.).

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control the tissue culture response in soybean were detected by using 184 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from two varieties: Kefeng No.1 and Nannong 1138-2. The molecular map consisting of 834 molecular markers using this population covered space 2307.

A complete solution for dissecting pure main and epistatic effects of QTL in triple testcross design.

Epistasis plays an important role in genetics, evolution and crop breeding. To detect the epistasis, triple test cross (TTC) design had been developed several decades ago. Classical procedures for the TTC design use only linear transformations Z(1), Z(2) and Z(3), calculated from the TTC family means of quantitative trait, to infer the nature of the collective additive, dominance and epistatic effects of all the genes.

Proteomic analysis of seed germination under salt stress in soybeans.

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a salt-sensitive crop, and its production is severely affected by saline soils. Therefore, the response of soybean seeds to salt stress during germination was investigated at both physiological and proteomic levels.

Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of two members of the Pht1 family of phosphate transporters in Glycine max.

Background: Phosphorus is one of the macronutrients essential for plant growth and development. The acquisition and translocation of phosphate are pivotal processes of plant growth. In a large number of plants, phosphate uptake by roots and translocation within the plant are presumed to occur via a phosphate/proton cotransport mechanism.

GmFtsH9 expression correlates with in vivo photosystem II function: chlorophyll a fluorescence transient analysis and eQTL mapping in soybean.

Filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) is an ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease involved in diverse biological functions. There are 12 FtsH proteins in Arabidopsis, among which AtFtsH2 plays an important role in regulating the turnover of photosystem II (PSII) reaction center D1 protein and the development of the photosynthetic apparatus. Here, we have identified 11 FtsH genes in the soybean genome by a bioinformatics approach.

Sequence and expression divergence of the AOC gene family in soybean: insights into functional diversity for stress responses.

As a signaling molecule, jasmonate plays a crucial role in orchestrating plant defense responses to a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. Allene oxide cyclase (AOC: EC5.3.

[Transgenic technology and soybean quality improvement].

Soybean is an important source of edible oil, protein and protein diet. The breeding process of high quality soybean can be accelerated via employment of transgenic technology, by which the key genes for soybean quality traits could be directly manipulated. Thus, various soybean varieties could be bred to fulfill different needs for specific consumers.

Identification of a novel Soybean mosaic virus isolate in China that contains a unique 5' terminus sharing high sequence homology with Bean common mosaic virus.

Two soybean viral isolates 4469-4 and Sc6 from plants in China were characterized by serological assays, pathogenicity tests, full-genome sequencing and sequence analyses. Both isolates are determined to be Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) isolates but 4469-4 is different from other known SMVs by inducing symptoms on common bean. 4469-4 has an RNA genome of 9994 nucleic acids (nt) encoding 3202 amino acids (aa), which is approximately 400 nt longer than that of Sc6 and other SMV strains.

Fine mapping and analyses of R ( SC8 ) resistance candidate genes to soybean mosaic virus in soybean.

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a destructive foliar disease in soybean-producing countries worldwide.

Overexpression of a novel soybean gene modulating Na+ and K+ transport enhances salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants.

Salt is an important factor affecting the growth and development of soybean in saline soil. In this study, a novel soybean gene encoding a transporter (GmHKT1) was identified and its function analyzed using transgenic plants. GmHKT1 encoded a protein of 419 amino acids, with a potential molecular mass of 47.

Identification of genomic regions determining flower and pod numbers development in soybean (Glycine max L.).

Flower and pod numbers per plant are important agronomic traits underlying soybean yield. So far quantitative trait loci (QTL) detected for flower and pod-related traits have mainly focused on the final stage, and might therefore have ignored genetic effects expressed during a specific developmental stage. Here, dynamic expressions of QTL for flower and pod numbers were identified using 152 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and a linkage map of 306 markers.

Functional mapping of genotype-environment interactions for soybean growth by a semiparametric approach.

Background: Functional mapping is a powerful approach for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control biological processes. Functional mapping incorporates mathematical aspects of growth and development into a general QTL mapping framework and has been recently integrated with composite interval mapping to build up a so-called composite functional mapping model, aimed to separate multiple linked QTLs on the same chromosomal region.

Results: This article reports the principle of using composite functional mapping to estimate the effects of QTL-environment interactions on growth trajectories by parametrically modeling the tested QTL in a marker interval and nonparametrically modeling the markers outside the interval as co-factors.