Eco-Friendly Sol-Gel Coatings with Organic Corrosion Inhibitors for Lightweight AZ61 Alloy.

The latest advances in technology and materials science have catalyzed a transformative shift towards the adoption of environmentally conscious and lightweight materials across key sectors such as aeronautics, biomedical, and automotive industries. Noteworthy among these innovations are the magnesium-aluminum (Mg-Al) alloys employed in aeronautical applications, contributing to the overall reduction in aircraft weight and subsequently diminishing fuel consumption and mitigating atmospheric emissions. The present work delves into a study of the anti-corrosive properties inherent in various sol-gel coatings, leveraging a range of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors, specifically tailored for samples of the AZ61 alloy.

Corrosion Activity of Stainless Steel SS430 and Carbon Steel B450C in a Sodium Silicate Modified Limestone-Portland Cement Extract.

Stainless steel SS430 and carbon steel B450C were exposed for 30 days to the aqueous extract of sodium silicate-modified limestone-Portland cement as an alternative for the partial replacement of the Portland cement clinker. The initial pH of 12.60 was lowered and maintained at an average of 9.

Controlling the Thermal Stability of a Bainitic Structure by Alloy Design and Isothermal Heat Treatment.

The aim of this work was to develop a novel bainitic steel that will be specifically dedicated to achieving a high degree of refinement (nano- or submicron scale) along with increased thermal stability of the structure at elevated temperatures. The material was characterized by improved in-use properties, expressed as the thermal stability of the structure, compared to nanocrystalline bainitic steels with a limited fraction of carbide precipitations. Assumed criteria for the expected low martensite start temperature, bainitic hardenability level, and thermal stability are specified.

A Comparative Study in the Design of TiO Assisted Photocatalytic Coatings Monitored by Controlling Hydrophilic Behavior and Rhodamine B Degradation.

This work presents a comparative study related to the photocatalytic efficiency associated with wettability measurements and organic dye degradation, as well as other relevant properties (i.e., corrosion resistance, roughness, wettability, and adhesion to a substrate).

Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Stainless Steel SS430 Exposed to Extract Solution of a Supersulfated Cement.

Carbon steel B450C and low-chromium stainless steel SS430 were exposed for 30 days to supersulfated "SS1" cement extract solution, considered as a "green" alternative for partial replacement of the Portland cement clinker. The initial pH of 12.38 dropped since the first day to 7.

Effect of processing parameters on texture and variant selection of as-built 300 maraging steel processed by laser powder bed fusion.

Among the materials that might be manufactured with laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), one can highlight maraging steels, with excellent weldability, strength and fracture toughness. However, the effects of the processing parameters and the mechanisms governing the as-built texture are not clear yet. A recent publication showed a low texture index in the prior austenite, in contrast to other alloys subjected to LPBF with the same strategy.

Bainitic Ferrite Plate Thickness Evolution in Two Nanostructured Steels.

Bainitic ferrite plate thickness evolution during isothermal transformation was followed at the same holding temperatures in two nanostructured steels containing (in wt.%) 1C-2Si and 0.4C-3Si.

Highly efficient removal of aluminum, iron, and manganese ions using Linde type-A zeolite obtained from hazardous waste.

Coal acid mine drainage (AMD) contaminates natural water to form mine-impacted water (MIW), which is characterized by high levels of acidity, sulfate, and metallic ions. This study investigates the use of a Linde Type-A (LTA) zeolite obtained from a hazardous industrial waste for Al, Fe, and Mn removal from synthetic aqueous solutions. The aim of this study is to stablish a basis for the subsequent treatment of MIW in order to obtain reuse water.

Photocatalytic Activity of Zn Mn O Oxides and ZnO Prepared From Spent Alkaline Batteries.

Oxides with Zn MnO stoichiometries and ZnO were synthesized from the "black mass" material recovered from spent alkaline batteries. The oxides were characterized by XRF, XRD with Rietveld refinement, SEM, and TEM methods. Optical characterization included diffuse reflectance (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements.

Lithium-ion batteries towards circular economy: A literature review of opportunities and issues of recycling treatments.

Nowadays, Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in advanced technological devices and Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, due to their high energy density for weight, reduced memory effect and significant number of supported charging/discharging cycles. As a consequence, the production and the use of Lithium-ion batteries will continuously increase in the near future, focusing the global attention on their End-of-Life management. Unfortunately, wasted Lithium-ion batteries treatments are still under development, far from the optimization of recycling processes and technologies, and currently recycling represents the only alternative for the social, economic and environmental sustainability of this market, able to minimize toxicity of End-of-Life products, to create a monetary gain and to lead to the independence from foreign resources or critical materials.

Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Study of Carbon-Vacancy Interaction in Low-Temperature Bainite.

Nano-scale investigations of bainitic structures formed at temperatures below 350 °C have shown that the bainitic ferrite lattice is super-saturated in carbon. A high density of intrinsic defects would be playing a part in the carbon-supersaturation levels detected. In this work, the role of C-vacancy complexes on carbon-supersaturation in low temperature bainite is investigated by means of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy.

Urine Aluminum Concentration as a Possible Implant Biomarker of Infection Using a Fluorine- and Phosphorus-Doped Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Osseointegration Capacity.

Joint prosthesis failure is mainly related to aseptic loosening and prosthetic joint infections, both associated with high morbidity and a substantial cost burden for patients and health systems. The development of a biomaterial capable of stimulating bone growth while minimizing bacterial adhesion would reduce the incidence of prosthetic failure. Using an in vivo rabbit model, this study evaluates the osseointegration effect of the fluorine (F)- and phosphorus (P)-doped bottle-shaped nanostructured (bNT) Ti-6Al-4V alloy and effectiveness of monitoring urine aluminum concentration to determine the presence of infection in Ti-6Al-4V implants.

Cryogenic study of the magnetic and thermal stability of retained austenite in nanostructured bainite.

First magnetic characterization of a recently developed generation of carbide free bainitic steels, known as Nanobain, has been performed. Stability of its retained austenite at cryogenic temperatures has been studied by means of X-ray diffraction, microscopy, dilatometry and magnetic measurements. Two morphologies for this phase (-type and -type) appear in a different proportion depending on the chemical composition and the applied thermal treatment.

Deposition of Zinc⁻Cerium Coatings from Deep Eutectic Ionic Liquids.

This work studies the electrodeposition of zinc and cerium species on carbon steel substrates from choline chloride-based ionic liquid bath in order to develop a protective coating with anti-corrosion, sacrificial, and self-repairing properties. Hull cell tests were used to study the influence of the current density on composition of the coatings and their morphology. Surface morphology, chemical composition and oxidation state of the obtained coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.

Tin and silver recovery from wave soldering dross.

This work proposes a method for the recovery of tin and silver from wave soldering dross produced during the manufacture of printed circuit boards. Samples of wave soldering dross were first subjected to carbothermic reduction to obtain an ingot containing the above metals plus other elements. This ingot was then subjected to electrorefining at different densities of electrical current, electrolyte flow rate, and cathode-anode separation distance, to determine the optimum conditions for recovering pure tin.

The Non-Steady State Growth of Pearlite outside the Hultgren Extrapolation.

The goal of this paper is to analyse the effect of adding Al on the non-steady pearlite growth occurring in a Fe-C-Mn system. The results are discussed in terms of the partitioning of elements across the austenite/ferrite and austenite/cementite interfaces, and the modification of the pearlite driving force related to the change in carbon activity in austenite.

A Constitutive Relationship between Fatigue Limit and Microstructure in Nanostructured Bainitic Steels.

The recently developed nanobainitic steels show high strength as well as high ductility. Although this combination seems to be promising for fatigue design, fatigue properties of nanostructured bainitic steels are often surprisingly low. To improve the fatigue behavior, an understanding of the correlation between the nanobainitic microstructure and the fatigue limit is fundamental.

Nanomechanical characterization of nanostructured bainitic steel: Peak Force Microscopy and Nanoindentation with AFM.

The full understanding of the deformation mechanisms in nanostructured bainite requires the local characterization of its mechanical properties, which are expected to change from one phase, bainitic ferrite, to another, austenite. This study becomes a challenging process due to the bainitic nanostructured nature and high Young's modulus. In this work, we have carried out such study by means of the combination of AFM-based techniques, such as nanoindentation and Peak Force Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (PF-QNM) measurements.

Properties of WZ21 (%wt) alloy processed by a powder metallurgy route.

Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of WZ21 (%wt) alloy prepared by a powder metallurgy route from rapidly solidified powders have been studied. Results were compared to those of the same alloy prepared through a conventional route of casting and extrusion. The microstructure of the extruded ingot consisted of α-Mg grains and Mg3Zn3Y2 (W-phase) and LPSO-phase particles located at grain boundaries.