The Prevalence of Parent-Reported Autism Spectrum Disorder Among US Children.

Unlabelled: : media-1vid110.1542/5839990273001PEDS-VA_2017-4161 OBJECTIVES: To estimate the national prevalence of parent-reported autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis among US children aged 3 to 17 years as well as their treatment and health care experiences using the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH).

Methods: The 2016 NSCH is a nationally representative survey of 50 212 children focused on the health and well-being of children aged 0 to 17 years.

Cardiometabolic Dysfunction Among U.S. Adolescents and Area-Level Poverty: Race/Ethnicity-Specific Associations.

Purpose: To examine race/ethnicity-specific associations between area-level poverty and cardiometabolic dysfunction among U.S. adolescents.

Prevalence and Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Conduct Problems in US Children.

Objectives: To use the latest data to estimate the prevalence and correlates of currently diagnosed depression, anxiety problems, and behavioral or conduct problems among children, and the receipt of related mental health treatment.

Study Design: We analyzed data from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) to report nationally representative prevalence estimates of each condition among children aged 3-17 years and receipt of treatment by a mental health professional. Parents/caregivers reported whether their children had ever been diagnosed with each of the 3 conditions and whether they currently have the condition.

The early natural history of albuminuria in young adults with youth-onset type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Aims: To determine among adolescents and young adults with youth-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes the rates and risk factors for albuminuria regression and progression.

Methods: Data from SEARCH, a longitudinal observational study of youth-onset type 1 diabetes (N = 1316) and type 2 diabetes (N = 143) were analyzed. Urine albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) was measured from random urine specimens at baseline and follow-up visits (mean 7 years later).

Good practices for the design, analysis, and interpretation of observational studies on birth spacing and perinatal health outcomes.

Background: Meta-analyses of observational studies have shown that women with a shorter interpregnancy interval (the time from delivery to start of a subsequent pregnancy) are more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery or small for gestational age birth, than women who space their births further apart. However, the studies used to inform these estimates have methodological shortcomings.

Methods: In this commentary, we summarise the discussions of an expert workgroup describing good practices for the design, analysis, and interpretation of observational studies of interpregnancy interval and adverse perinatal health outcomes.

Report of the Office of Population Affairs' expert work group meeting on short birth spacing and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Methodological quality of existing studies and future directions for research.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that women wait at least 24 months after a livebirth before attempting a subsequent pregnancy to reduce the risk of adverse maternal, perinatal, and infant health outcomes. However, the applicability of the WHO recommendations for women in the United States is unclear, as breast feeding, nutrition, maternal age at first birth, and total fertility rate differs substantially between the United States and the low- and middle-resource countries upon which most of the evidence is based.

Methods: To inform guideline development for birth spacing specific to women in the United States, the Office of Population Affairs (OPA) convened an expert work group meeting in Washington, DC, on 14-15 September 2017 among reproductive, perinatal, paediatric, social, and public health epidemiologists; obstetrician-gynaecologists; biostatisticians; and experts in evidence synthesis related to women's health.

Prevalence and factors associated with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults aged 40-79: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease that often goes undiagnosed, particularly in its early stages.

Objective: To examine sociodemographic, general health, and COPD specific factors, including severity of lung obstruction, that are associated with healthcare provider-diagnosed COPD among U.S.

Stability of diurnal cortisol measures across days, weeks, and years across middle childhood and early adolescence: Exploring the role of age, pubertal development, and sex.

Effective regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) has been linked to numerous health outcomes. Within-person variation in diurnal measures of HPA-axis regulation assessed over days, months, and years can range between 50-73% of total variation. In this study of 59 youth (ages 8-13), we quantified the stability of the cortisol awakening response (CAR), the diurnal slope, and tonic cortisol concentrations at waking and bedtime across 8 days (2 sets of 4 consecutive days separated by 3 weeks), 3 weeks, and 3 years.

Characteristics of dual drug benefit use among veterans with dementia enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration and Medicare Part D.

Background: Obtaining prescription medications from multiple health systems may complicate coordination of care. Older Veterans who obtain medications concurrently through Veterans Affairs (VA) benefits and Medicare Part D benefits (dual users) are at higher risk of unintended negative outcomes.

Objective: To explore characteristics predicting dual drug benefit use from both VA and Medicare Part D in a national sample of older Veterans with dementia.

Trends in active transportation and associations with cardiovascular disease risk factors among U.S. adults, 2007-2016.

Active transportation (AT), or walking or bicycling for transportation, represents one way individuals can achieve recommended physical activity (PA) levels. This study describes AT prevalence and temporal trends, and examines associations between AT levels and measured CVD risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low high-density [HDL] cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity) among U.S.

Mean mid-arm circumference and blood pressure cuff sizes for US children, adolescents and adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2016.

Background: Measuring blood pressure (BP) requires an appropriate BP cuff size given measured mid-arm circumference (mid-AC).

Objective: To provide mid-AC means and percentiles for US population aged more than 3 years and examine the frequency distribution of mid-AC cuffed by Baum and Welch Allyn cuff systems.

Patients And Methods: The 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey, was used to estimate mean mid-AC (n=24 723).

Factors Associated with Prescription Opioid Analgesic Use in the US Population, 2011-2014.

Objective: This study examined factors associated with prescription opioid analgesic use in the US population using data from a nationally representative sample. It focused on factors previously shown to be associated with opioid use disorder or overdose. Variations in the use of different strength opioid analgesics by demographic subgroup were also examined.

On a scale as a sum of manifest variables.

The most common approach for a scale construction is to create a scale as a sum of manifest variables (a "sum scale"). When we use the sum scale for analysis, we implicitly assume that there is a one-dimensional latent structure representing the manifest data on a multidimensional space. In this commentary, we review basics of identifying a latent structure using measured variables with a minimum linear algebra.

Accounting for study participants who are ineligible for linkage: a multiple imputation approach to analyzing the linked National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Medicaid data.

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey have been linked to the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Medicaid Enrollment and Claims Files for the survey years 1999-2004. The linked data are produced by the National Center for Health Statistics' (NCHS) Data Linkage Program and are available in the NCHS Research Data Center. This project compares the usefulness of multiple imputation to account for data linkage ineligibility and other survey nonresponse with currently recommended weight adjustment procedures.