Neutralization of omicron subvariants and antigenic cartography following multiple COVID 19 vaccinations and repeated omicron non JN.1 or JN.1 infections.

The ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, combined with antigen exposures from different waves and vaccinations, poses challenges in updating COVID-19 vaccine antigens. We collected 206 sera from individuals with vaccination-only, hybrid immunity, and single or repeated omicron post-vaccination infections (PVIs), including non-JN.1 and JN.

Serum Metabolomics Study to Screen Potential Biomarkers of Lung Cancer Risk in High Natural Background Radiation Areas of Thailand: A Pilot Study.

Indoor radon is a significant risk factor for the development of LC. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for LC risk in high background radiation areas using a metabolomics approach (UHPLC-HRMS). Based on the indoor radon activity concentration measurements in the Kong Khaek subdistrict, serum samples were collected from 45 nonsmoker or former smoker participants, comprising 15 LC patients and 30 matched healthy controls (low- and high-radon groups, respectively).

Regenerative Potential of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells for Bone Repair.

The increasing number of elderly people across the globe has led to a rise in osteoporosis and bone fractures, significantly impacting the quality of life and posing substantial health and economic burdens. Despite the development of tissue-engineered bone constructs and stem cell-based therapies to address these challenges, their efficacy is compromised by inadequate vascularization and innervation during bone repair. Innervation plays a pivotal role in tissue regeneration, including bone repair, and various techniques have been developed to fabricate innervated bone scaffolds for clinical use.

sp. nov., isolated from duckweed and formal proposal to reclassify as a later heterotypic synonym of and reclassify as subsp. .

A novel strain DW16-2, isolated from duckweed (), was taxonomically studied in detail. The analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the strain was most closely related to Y8 (98.8%), followed by YIM 61452 (98.

Effect of partial and total replacement of fishmeal by soybean meal in feed on growth and gut performance of Penaeus vannamei.

This study evaluated the growth and gut performance of shrimp fed three isonitrogenous diets (37% crude protein) with varying inclusions of fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SBM): F1 (27.5% FM), F2 (10% FM + 23.5% SBM), and F3 (38% SBM).

Genome-wide association study identifies key F-box genes linked to ethylene responsiveness and root growth in rice ( L.).

Rice ( L.) is a staple food for more than half of the world's population, but its yields are increasingly threatened by environmental problems, including soil compaction. This problem limits root growth which limits water and nutrient foraging capacity thus reduces productivity due to, restricted diffusion of ethylene, a key plant hormone playing an important role in exacerbating these effects.

A multiplex microarray lateral flow immunoassay device for simultaneous determination of five mycotoxins in rice.

Co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins is a growing global food safety concern due to their harmful effects on humans and animals. This study developed an eco-friendly sample preparation method and an innovative multiplex microarray-based lateral flow immunoassay, using a novel portable reader for on-site simultaneous determination of five regulated mycotoxins-aflatoxin B, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and fumonisin B in rice. The eco-friendly and ultrafast extraction procedure utilizes a bio-based solvent.

Proteomic analysis of the effects of Girdin on Jiaogulan-treated type 2 diabetes patients.

Jiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum) is a traditional herb with potential antidiabetic properties. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of these properties by analysing plasma protein profiles in type 2 diabetes patients. A total of 42 participants were divided into three groups, each comprising 14 individuals: healthy controls (N), untreated type 2 diabetes patients (DM), and Jiaogulan-treated type 2 diabetes patients (DMJ).

A chromosome-scale genome assembly of mungbean ().

Background: Mungbean () is one of the most socio-economically important leguminous food crops of Asia and a rich source of dietary protein and micronutrients. Understanding its genetic makeup is crucial for genetic improvement and cultivar development.

Methods: In this study, we combined single-tube long-fragment reads (stLFR) sequencing technology with high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technique to obtain a chromosome-level assembly of cultivar 'KUML4'.

Antiviral effect of pinostrobin, a bioactive constituent of Boesenbergia rotunda, against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Global swine industry has long been severely affected by the periodic outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), a deadly infectious disease in piglets caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Currently, available vaccines and antiviral drugs could not provide effective prevention and treatment of PEDV infection in pigs. In this study, Boesenbergia rotunda (B.

Overview of national and local efforts to eliminate malaria in Thailand.

Success in the national control of malaria during the past decades has led to the reorientation of Thailand's program toward the elimination of this disease. The country established and implemented a National Malaria Elimination Strategy, resulting in a substantial decline in cases. Although the reduction varied, Sisaket Province stands out as a success.

Valorisation of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate for sustainable xylooligosaccharides production using low-cost crude xylanases from KUB2.

Spent mushroom substrate (SMS), a lignocellulosic waste after mushroom production is generally discarded without proper management. There is increasing interest in the sustainable transformation of lignocellulosic waste into high-value products. Within this context, the present study investigated the potential of the SMS from the cultivation of and on rubber tree wood sawdust as substrates for xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production.

Fabrication of mycelium (oyster mushroom)-based composites derived from spent coffee grounds with pineapple fibre reinforcement.

Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are eco-friendly materials made by combining mushroom mycelia with lignocellulosic biomass, offering diverse applications such as packaging and construction. The specific characteristics of MBCs can be significantly influenced by the choice of substrates and reinforcing materials during myco-fabrication. This study aims to improve MBCs sourced from (oyster mushroom) using spent coffee grounds (SCGs) as the main substrate, combined with natural pineapple fibres (NPFs).

Antimalarial and antimicrobial substances from the endophytic fungus BCC71876.

Three previously undescribed compounds including 2',3'-dihydroxy-4,5',4″-trimethoxy--terphenyl (), 5-methoxyhydroperoxyco-chliodinol (), and 5-(3',3'-dimethylallyl)indole-3-oxoacetic acid (), along with fifteen known compounds ( - and ), were isolated from the endophytic fungus, BCC71876. The chemical structures were determined by NMR spectral information as well as the comparison with those closely related compounds reported in the literature. The compounds isolated were evaluated for biological properties including antimalarial, anti-TB, anti-plant pathogenic fungal, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity.

Serologic differentiation between wild-type and cell-adapted African swine fever virus infections: A novel DIVA strategy using the MGF100-1L protein.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a significant threat to the global swine industry and requires improved control strategies. Here, we developed a Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals (DIVA) assay based on the MGF100-1L protein, which is absent in a cell-adapted ASFV strain lacking several multigene family (MGF) genes. We analyzed seven deleted genes, including MGF genes, from the right variable region of the ASFV genome against sera from convalescent pigs.

Unveiling three novel actinobacterial species ( sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov.) in soil samples in Phu Pha Phet Cave, Thailand.

Three strains of actinobacteria, designated as B-S-A6, B-S-A8 and B-S-A12, were isolated from soil samples collected in the Phu Pha Phet Cave located in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, Satun Province, Thailand. A comprehensive polyphasic approach was used to describe these strains. Strains B-S-A6, B-S-A8 and B-S-A12 were identified within the genus based on a comparative examination of 16S rRNA gene sequences.

Integrated Experimental and Mathematical Modeling to Guide Microbial Biocatalysis: Pseudomonas putida Conversion of L-Phenylalanine to trans-Cinnamic Acid.

trans-Cinnamic acid (tCA) can be produced by the deamination of L-phenylalanine using phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). In bioprocesses, optimizing production processes to improve key performance metrics such as titer, rate, and yield has proved challenging. This study investigates tCA production in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 using a whole-cell biocatalyst expressing four different PAL genes.

Tyrosine oxime derivatives from the fruiting bodies of basidiomycete .

Three undescribed -prenyl-tyrosine oxime derivatives, serpulanines D-F (), were isolated from natural fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete together with serpulanine C (), and other known compounds (). The structures were elucidated based on NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data. Compounds - were screened for their antibacterial activities against (MRSA and MSSA) and using the agar well diffusion method at 1 mg/mL.

Hyperthermophilic xylanase and thermophilicity analysis by molecular dynamic simulation with quantum mechanics.

Thermophilic xylanases catalyzing the cleavage of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in xylan have applications in food, feed, biorefinery, and pulp industries. In this study, a hyperthermophilic endo-xylanase was obtained by further enhancement of thermal tolerance of a thermophilic GH11 xylanase originated from metagenome of bagasse pile based on rational design. Introducing N13F and Q34L to the previously reported X11P enzyme shifted the optimal working temperature to 85 °C and led to 20.

Multiplex CRISPR-Cas Assay for Rapid, Isothermal and Visual Detection of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) in Penaeid Shrimp.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) represent the most economically destructive pathogens in the current shrimp industry. WSSV causes white spot disease (WSD) responsible for rapid shrimp mortality, while EHP stunts growth and therefore reduces overall productivity. Despite the importance of timely disease detection, current diagnostic methods for WSSV and EHP are typically singleplex, and those offering multiplex detection face issues such as complexity, low field compatibility and/or low sensitivity.

Analysis of the serum proteome profile of wild stump-tailed macaques () seropositive for Zika virus antibodies in Thailand.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae virus family and poses a significant global health concern. ZIKV is transmitted by mosquitoes, and it has been implicated in various neurological conditions associated with fetal brain development. ZIKV has two transmission cycles: a sylvatic cycle in which nonhuman primates are infected via arboreal mosquito bites, and an interhuman (urban) cycle in which the virus is transmitted among primates by mosquitoes.

Development of Whole-Grain Rice Lines Exhibiting Low and Intermediate Glycemic Index with Decreased Amylose Content.

The demand for rice varieties with lower amylose content (AC) is increasing in Southeast Asia, primarily due to their desirable texture and cooking qualities. This study presents the development of whole-grain rice lines with low to intermediate glycemic index (GI) and reduced AC. We selected six rice lines for in vivo GI assessment based on their starch properties.