Projections of excess deaths related to cold spells under climate and population change scenarios: A nationwide time series modeling study.

Background: Future climate change is likely to alter cold spell-related disease burden. Few projection studies have considered the potential impact of the aging population with changing population size on cold spell-related disease burdens.

Methods: We derived the association between cold spells and daily mortality for 272 main cities in mainland China.

Seasonal associations between air pollutants and influenza in 10 cities of southern China.

Few studies have explored the associations between air pollutants and influenza across seasons, especially at large scales. This study aimed to evaluate seasons' modifying effects on associations between air pollutants and influenza from 10 cities of southern China. Through scientific evidence, it provides mitigation and adaptation strategies with practical guidelines to local health authorities and environmental protection agencies.

Cognitive Activities, Lifestyle Factors, and Risk of Cognitive Impairment, with an Analysis of the Apolipoprotein Epsilon 4 Genotype.

Introduction: Cognitive stimulating activities and a healthy lifestyle are associated with less cognitive impairment. However, whether the association is varied by Apolipoprotein epsilon 4 (APOE ε4) allele carrier status remains inconclusive. We aimed to investigate whether the association of cognitively stimulating activities and a healthy lifestyle with the risk of cognitive impairment varied by APOE ε4 allele carrier status.

Mortality of myasthenia gravis: a national population-based study in China.

Objective: As a potentially life-threatening condition, myasthenia gravis (MG) has limited epidemiological studies on mortality. We aim to provide demographic distribution, geographical variation, and temporal trend of MG-related mortality in China.

Methods: The national population-based analysis was conducted based on records derived from the National Mortality Surveillance System of China.

Breast Cancer Screening Coverage - China, 2018-2019.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: In 2015, only 18.9% of adult women underwent breast cancer screening in China.

What Is Added By This Report?: Breast cancer screening coverage for women aged 20 years and above in China reached 22.

Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Duration as Risk Factors for Breast Cancer - China, 2020.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Psychological and lifestyle factors are known to potentially play a significant role in the development of breast cancer. However, current evidence-based studies present controversial findings on the associations between depression, sleep duration, and breast cancer risk.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study investigated the potential risk factors of depressive symptoms and short sleep duration for breast cancer within the Breast Cancer Cohort Study in Chinese Women.

[Deepening the Action on Salt Reduction in China-suggestions on strategy and implementation plan].

Excessive sodium/salt intake is the leading dietary risk factor for the loss of healthy life in the Chinese population. The "Healthy China 2030" Action Plan set the goal of reducing salt intake by 20% by 2030. However, salt intake in China is still at a very high level in the world, with adults reaching 11 g/d, more than twice the recommended limit of 5 g/d.

Burden of multiple myeloma in China: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019.

Background: There is limited data to comprehensively evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of multiple myeloma (MM) in China; therefore, this study determined the characteristics of the disease burden of MM at national and provincial levels in China.

Methods: The burden of MM, including incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with a 95% uncertainty interval (UI), was determined in China following the general analytical strategy used in the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. The trends in the burden of MM from 1990 to 2019 were also evaluated.

Prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis among Chinese adults: A nationwide representative cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been increasing steadily worldwide, especially in countries with increasing industrialization such as China. However, available evidence regarding AR prevalence among Chinese adults is scarce and limited to regional data collected in earlier years. We therefore aimed to provide a more recent and robust estimate of AR prevalence using a nationwide representative cross-sectional study in China.

Projections of future life expectancy in China up to 2035: a modelling study.

Background: To plan social and health services, future life expectancy projections are needed. The aim of this study was to forecast the future life expectancy for mainland China and its provinces.

Methods: Following the same approach as the Global Burden of Disease Study, we used the largest compiled epidemiological and demographic datasets to estimate age-specific mortality and evaluate population data from 1990 to 2019.

Evaluating the effectiveness of implementing a more severe law on prevention of road traffic injury mortality in mainland China: an interrupted time series study based on national mortality surveillance.

Background: In China, road traffic injury (RTI) is the seventh-leading cause of death More than 1.5 million adults in China live with permanent disabilities due to road traffic accidents. In 2011, the Chinese government implemented a more severe law that increased the penalty points and fines for persons charged with drink-driving as a criminal offence.

Light at night and cause-specific mortality risk in Mainland China: a nationwide observational study.

Background: While epidemiological studies have found correlations between light at night (LAN) and health effects, none has so far investigated the impacts of LAN on population mortality yet. We aimed to estimate the relative risk for mortality from exposure to LAN in Mainland China.

Methods: This time-stratified case-crossover nationwide study used NPP-VIIRS to obtain daily LAN data of Mainland China between 2015 and 2019.

Have residents adapted to heat wave and cold spell in the 21st century? Evidence from 136 Chinese cities.

Global climate change has increased the probability and intensity of extreme weather events. The adverse health effect of extreme temperature has gone through a temporal variation over years. Time-series data including city-level daily cardiovascular death records and meteorological data were collected from 136 Chinese cities during 2006 and 2019.

National incidence and mortality of hospitalized sepsis in China.

Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of preventable death around the world. Population-based estimation of sepsis incidence is lacking in China. In this study, we aimed to estimate the population-based incidence and geographic variation of hospitalized sepsis in China.

Estimated Burden of Stroke in China in 2020.

Importance: Stroke is the leading cause of death in China. However, recent data about the up-to-date stroke burden in China are limited.

Objective: To investigate the urban-rural disparity of stroke burden in the Chinese adult population, including prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate, and disparities between urban and rural populations.

Projected rapid growth in diabetes disease burden and economic burden in China: a spatio-temporal study from 2020 to 2030.

Background: This study projects the trend of disease burden and economic burden of diabetes in 33 Chinese provinces and nationally during 2020-2030 and investigates its spatial disparities.

Methods: Time series prediction on the prevalence and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates of diabetes was conducted using a Bayesian modelling approach in 2020-2030. The top-down method and the human capital method were used to predict the direct and indirect costs of diabetes for each Chinese province.

Association of early-life famine exposure with low bone mass in adulthood.

Unlabelled: Famine exposure in early life has been found to have a long-term effect on metabolic diseases, but its effect on bone health was not clear. In this study, we found women, who suffered from famine exposure during their childhood or adolescence period, had significantly decreased BMD at several skeletal sites compared to the age-matched non-exposed groups. The risk of clinical fracture was also elevated in adolescence-exposed women.

Burden of liver complications related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China from 2005 to 2019: Observations from the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2019.

Aim: To assess the burden of liver complications related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (LC-NAFLD) from 2005 to 2019 in China.

Materials And Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, 2019, to present contemporary and varying profiles of China's LC-NAFLD burden. The Joinpoint Regression model and Gaussian process regression were, respectively, used to estimate the annual percentage change in prevalence rates and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates, and the relationship between the sociodemographic index (SDI) and age-standardized rates of LC-NAFLD.

Prevalence and Patterns of Multimorbidity Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Older - China, 2018.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Multimorbidity is becoming more common and poses a major challenge to healthcare systems. However, the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among Chinese adults aged ≥18 years are largely unknown.

What Is Added By This Report?: This study found that 46.

Cervical Cancer Screening Coverage - China, 2018-2019.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The World Health Organization set a 2030 target of 70% cervical cancer screening coverage for women aged 35-45 years. Coverage stood at 37% in China in 2015.

What Is Added By This Report?: In 2018-2019, China's cervical cancer screening coverage reached 43.