Study on the impact of children's myopia on parental anxiety levels and its related factors.

Objective: To assess how children's myopia affects the psychological state of their parents, especially their anxiety levels, and its related factors.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional case series design, this study employed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) to assess the anxiety status of parents of myopic children who visited Beijing Children's Hospital from May to August 2024. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test, t-test, and analysis of variance, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between myopia and anxiety.

Comorbidity of physical illnesses and mental disorders in outpatients with tic disorders: a retrospective study using the outpatient case system.

Background: Tic disorder, a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that typically onsets during childhood, is characterized by sudden, involuntary, rapid, and non-rhythmic motor and vocal tics. Individuals with tic disorders often experience physical health issues. The purpose of our retrospective analysis was to elucidate the common comorbid physical diseases and mental disorders and their characteristics of outpatient children with tic disorders in a large public children's hospital in China over the past 5 years.

Etiology and clinical features of children with bronchiectasis-Insight from Chinese experience.

Bronchiectasis is a clinical syndrome characterized by cough, sputum production, and the presence of abnormal thickening and dilation of the bronchial wall on imaging. There has been a remarkable resurgence in incidence and prevalence during the past 20 years. There was few data from children.

A novel nephrometry scoring system outperforms RENAL score, PADUA score, and SPARE score for feasibility prediction of nephron-sparing surgery in children with bilateral Wilms tumor.

Background: Several nephrometry scores have been proposed and applied in the adult population. We previously established a novel model to predict the feasibility of nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) in pediatric bilateral Wilms tumor (WT) patients. This study aimed to evaluate whether our model had better predictive performance compared to other scores.

[Clinical analysis of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and stent implantation for the pancreaticobiliary injuries in children].

To investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and stent implantation in the treatment of pancreaticobiliary injuries in children. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children diagnosed with pancreaticobiliary injury and undergoing ERCP and stent implantation at Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to December 2022. Demographic information, clinical data, endoscopic treatment methods, postoperative complications and clinical prognosis of the children were collected.

[Mid-long term follow-up reports on head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma in children].

To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and to summarize the mid-long term efficacy of Beijing Children's Hospital Rhabdomyosarcoma 2006 (BCH-RMS-2006) regimen and China Children's Cancer Group Rhabdomyosarcoma 2016 (CCCG-RMS-2016) regimen. A retrospective cohort study. Clinical data of 137 children with newly diagnosed head and neck RMS at Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2013 to December 2021 were collected.

Brain Function Characteristics of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Aged 4-9 Years During a GO/NOGO Task: An Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

Purpose: This study investigated whether abnormal cerebral activity observed in adolescents and adults with ADHD also occurs in children during the early developmental stages of executive function.

Methods: The study included 52 children with ADHD aged 4.0-9.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Global Tuberculosis Control Strategies at Different Stages and Analysis of Risk Factors: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevention and control effects of the three-phase global tuberculosis control strategy, and analyze the influencing factors.

Methods: We collected age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and mortality (ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR) data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2021) database. Annual percentage change (AAPC) of ASIR, ASPR and ASDR were analyzed by Joinpoint regression.

Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis in Northeastern Iran: A 3-Year Tertiary Care Hospital Study.

Infectious keratitis is a significant ocular disease that, if left untreated, can lead to blindness. Fungi are among the causative agents that can result in severe symptoms. Keratitis infections are prevalent globally, with a higher incidence reported in tropical and subtropical regions.

Impaired Attention in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Preliminary Study of Behavior Combined with Neuroelectrophysiology.

Objective: To investigate how attention is affected in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using the attention network test (ANT) combined with event-related potential (ERP) and time-frequency analysis.

Methods: Eighty-seven children aged 6-11 years with symptoms of snoring or mouth breathing during sleep were recruited from the Sleep Center of Beijing Children's Hospital from May to July, 2023. All participants completed the Mini-mental State Examination and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder rating scale.

Microbial diversity and environmental determinants at Shanghai Hongqiao railway station: A comprehensive microbial assessment.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of indoor environmental management in transportation hubs, which are critical for pathogen transmission due to high foot traffic. However, research has primarily focused on subways, with limited studies on train stations. In this study, samples were collected at the Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station in winter, spring, and summer.

Application of subcutaneous extracellular matrix to prepare bilayer heparin-coated polycaprolactone/decellularized small-diameter vascular graft for tissue regeneration.

In clinical practice, the demand for functional small-diameter vascular grafts continues to increase. In this study, a decellularized aorta artery was inserted into a poly(caprolactone) (PCL) vascular scaffold for self-assembly in-vitro to create a hybrid scaffold. The hybrid scaffold was then implanted subcutaneously into the dorsal flanks and the subcutaneous extracellular matrix was applied for bilayer adhesion.

Association between air pollution and hospitalization for acute exacerbation of kidney failure: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study in China.

Background: Air pollution is a potential risk factor for kidney disease; however, the impact on kidney failure exacerbation is underexplored. This study assessed the short-term effects of air pollution on hospitalization for kidney failure exacerbation.

Methods: This nationwide, time-stratified, case-crossover study included 45,249 hospitalized patients with kidney failure from 153 hospitals in 20 Chinese provinces between 2013 and 2020.

Rosthornin B alleviates inflammatory diseases via directly targeting NLRP3.

Aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the evolution of diverse inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been proven to be an effective treatment strategy for NLRP3-driven diseases. This study revealed that multiple natural diterpenes from Isodon plants can inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome, among which Rosthornin B (Ros B) exhibited the best inhibitory effect, with an IC of 0.

Longitudinal transcriptome analysis reveals distinct gene expression patterns in traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of upper respiratory tract infections.

Background: Wind-cold (WC) and Wind-heat (WH) are common syndromes of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), presenting different clinical features, but the transcriptomic changes associated with these syndromes remained unclear.

Materials And Methods: Patients with WC and WH syndromes were recruited from outpatient unit, pharyngeal swabs were collected for pathogen detection. Peripheral blood samples were obtained on day 1 and day 6, with healthy volunteers as controls.

A predictive model for cerebellar mutism syndrome based on lesion map in children with medulloblastoma.

Background: This study aimed to establish a voxel-based map to predict the occurrence of cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) and investigate the relationship between CMS and motor dysfunction.

Method: This multicenter study cohort included 224 patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma at Beijing Children's Hospital (n = 88) and Beijing Tiantan Hospital (n = 136). The dataset was randomly divided into training (n = 95), test (n = 41), and validation (n = 88) datasets.

Systematic assessment of structural variant annotation tools for genomic interpretation.

Structural variants (SVs) over 50 base pairs play a significant role in phenotypic diversity and are associated with various diseases, but their analysis is complex and resource-intensive. Numerous computational tools have been developed for SV prioritization, yet their effectiveness in biomedicine remains unclear. Here we benchmarked eight widely used SV prioritization tools, categorized into knowledge-driven (AnnotSV, ClassifyCNV) and data-driven (CADD-SV, dbCNV, StrVCTVRE, SVScore, TADA, XCNV) groups in accordance with the ACMG guidelines.

Temporal Decomposition Analysis of Noncommunicable Disease Burden: The Interplay of Population Aging, Population Growth, and Low Physical Activity, 2010-2019.

Background: To analyze global trends in the noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) burden attributable to low physical activity, considering the impacts of population aging and growth.

Method: Based on the Global Burden Disease 2019 Study, the NCDs-related death and disability-adjusted life years attributable to low physical activity (defined as <3000 metabolic equivalent-min/wk) were obtained from 2010 to 2019. The average annual percent change was calculated using the joinpoint analysis.

Femoral shaft fractures in preschool children: external fixation and elastic intramedullary nail treatments in clinical practice.

Surgical intervention in preschoolers with femoral shaft fractures has increased due to the evolving lifestyle. This study aimed to analyze and compare the efficacy of elastic intramedullary nailing and external fixation in treating femoral shaft fractures in children aged 2-5. Ninety-nine pediatric patients were categorized into the external fixator (EF) and the elastic intramedullary nail (ESIN) group based on surgical techniques.

Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to ambient ozone pollution across China and its provinces, 1990-2021: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a causal relationship between ambient ozone (O3) and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is the only outcome considered in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for O3. This study aims to evaluate the temporal trend and spatial distribution of the COPD burden attributable to O3 across China from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: The ambient O3 concentrations in China were estimated.